Sensitive determination of Lead in Soil and Water samples by Cloud Point Extraction-Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method

Abstract : Cloud point extraction has been used for sensitive pre-concentration of lead after complex with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2naphthol (PAN) followed determination of it's by flame atomic absorption spectrometry method. The analyte is quantitatively extracted to the phase rich in the nonionic Surfactant Triton X-114. The parameters which affecting the separation phase and detection process, were optimized under the optimum experimental conditions (pH=8, 1×10 -1 mol l -1 PAN, 0.5% w/v Triton X-114). Calibration graph showed linear trend in rang of 20-300 µg 1 -1 with detection limit 8 µg 1 -1 of lead (II). The enrichment, preconcentration factors achieved 50, 35 respectively. The proposed method was analyzed for soil and water samples which gave satisfactory results. Lead in soil and water samples, which gathered from petrochemical factory, has been measured approximately around 30 µg l -1 and 1 µg 1 -1 respectively. These amounts are more than limit threshold of lead. Regarding to achieved data, water and soil of case study is polluted

Electrochemical Determination of Tramadol using V2O5Nanoparticles Modified Carbon Paste Electrode

In this study, different electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry, differential puls voltammetry, chronoamperometry, chronocoulometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used for electrochemical determination of tramadol using carbon paste electrode modified with V2O5 nanoparticles. A phosphate buffer of pH= 8 was used as a supporting electrolyte. Some parameters such as scan rate, step potential, pulse amplitude were changed to create optimal conditions. Linear calibration curves were obtained in the range of (0.1 µM-550 µM) with a detection limit of 0.013 µM. The modified electrode shows good selectivity with respect to tramadol in the presence of some interferences. The modified electrode was successfully used for determination of tramadol in real sample