Angular Control Charts: A New Perspective for Monitoring Reliability of Multi-State Systems

Control charts, as had been used traditionally for quality monitoring, were applied alternatively to monitor systems' reliability. In other words, they can be applied to detect changes in the failure behavior of systems. Such purpose imposed modifying traditional control charts in addition to developing charts that are more compatible with reliability monitoring. The latter developed category is known as probability limits control charts. The existing reliability monitoring control charts were only dedicated to binary-state systems, and they can't be used to monitor several states simultaneously. Therefore, this paper develops a design of control charts that accommodates multi-state systems, called here as the Angular Control Chart, which represents a new version of the probability limits control charts. This design is able to monitor state transitions simultaneously and individually in addition. Illustrative system examples are implemented to explore the monitoring procedure of the new design and to demonstrate its efficiency, effectiveness, and limitations.Comment: 18 pages; 13 figure

Doctoral theses about Ibn al-Jaṭīb presented in Spain

Este artículo pretende analizar el conjunto de las tesis doctorales presentadas en Universidades españolas sobre la figura de Ibn al-Jaṭīb, gran escritor y político, durante el siglo XX y hasta la actualidad. Se ofrece una relación de dichas tesis doctorales, ordenadas por el nombre del doctorando, indicando título de la tesis, lugar de su presentación, año y nombre del director de la misma. A continuación comento el contenido de la tesis, en referencia a la obra de Ibn al-Jaṭīb sobre la que se trate. También señalo si han sido publicadas o siguen inéditas. Asimismo se añaden algunos comentarios sobre cada tesis. Finalmente ofrezco algunas referencias y explicaciones de conjunto sobre las Universidades respectivas en que fueron presentadas.Analyses the doctoral theses on Ibn al-Jaṭīb, a notable writer and politician, submitted to Spanish universities during the 20th century and up to the present. Bibliographic data are arranged by name of candidates and include title, institution, year and name of the director, as well as information on publication, if available. Content of the dissertations in relation to the works of Ibn al-Jaṭīb covered is reviewed, together with references and commentary on the group of theses as a whole and on the universities where they were submitted

The Effectiveness of the Graphic Art in Designing, and Marketing Children's Books

يهدف بحث(فاعلية فن الجرافيك على تصميم وتسويق كتب الأطفال) للتعرف على الأفكار والرؤى والطرق والبرامج الجرافيكية لتصاميم أغلفة كتب الاطفال في(العراق ومصر) ، ابتداءاً من التصميم وانتهاءاً بالمنجز الطباعي للغلاف, بما أن عملية تصميم اغلفة كتب الاطفال لا تقتصر على الفكرة الإخراجية الآنية المتمثلة بوضع الفكرة التصميمية لوحدها بمعزل عن الطريقة التنفيذية التي توصلنا للمخرج النهائي للمطبوع، قامت الباحثتان بتقسيم بحثهما على أساس: الأفكار والأساليب التصميمية بحسب نوع الكتاب: معرفي. ب- تعليمي. ج- تجاري. التقنيات الجرافيكية الحديثة للبرامج المستخدمة لتصاميم أغلقة كتب الاطفال . أ -أدوبي فوتوشوب   ب- واليستريتور ج- واندزاين ) الفئة العمرية للاطقال. ((3-6)) تقنيات التجليد والتغليف ونوع الخامة: أ -ورق كارتوني.   ب- كارتون مقوى (مشمع)  . إذ إن للخامة الطباعية أثرًا مهمًا في إظهار وإبراز جانب أو مقطع يراه المصمم ضرورياً لإخراج الفكرة الإعلانية والترويجية التي يستهدفها الغلاف أساساً، وبما أن الغلاف هو الرسالة المرئية الأولى التي تستهدف اجتذاب الطفل المتلقي وتسترعي اهتمامه، فقد عني المصممون باستخدام العناصر التيبوغرافية للغلاف لإيصال الفكرة في كثير من الأحيان عبر رسالتين الأولى نصية متمثلة بعنوان الكتاب والثانية صورية تتجلى بما يبحثه الكتاب في طياته. ويعد فن التصميم الجرافيكي أحد فنون الاتصال البصري المهمة الذى يكون ً فعالا وحيوياً فى شتى مجالات الحياة فى العالم الحديث، حيث يعتمد الطفل عند اختياره لكتاب على العناصر التصميمية المستخدمة التي تؤثر فى النهاية على التصميم ويجذبه الطفل ويجعله يحب هذا الكتاب على الأخص للشراء، ومن هنا يمكننا أن نقول: إن كتب الأطفال بائع صامت تسوق نفسها بنفسها من خلال التكامل بين عناصر التصميم ليتحقق الجذب للأطفال. وتناول البحث أربعة فصول فالفصل الاول تناول المشكلة والهدف والاهمية والحدود والمنهجية، والفصل الثاني تناول مبحثين الاول: الأسس والقواعد التشكيلية الراسخة فى تصميم الأغلفة الخاصة بسلسلة كتب الأطفال والمبحث الثاني: تسويق كتب الاطفال والفصل الثالث: إجراءات البحث، والفصل الرابع: تحليل النماذج لأغلفة كتب الاطفال، والنتائج واستنتاجات والتوصيات والمقترحات.The study (The Effectiveness of Graphic Art on Designing and Marketing Children's Books) aims to identify the ideas, visions, methods, and graphic programs for designing children's book covers in (Iraq-Egypt), starting from designing and ending with the cover print, since the design process for children's book covers is not limited to the immediate production idea. Represented by placing the design idea on its own in isolation from the operational method that we reached for the final output of the publication. 1- Design ideas and methods according to the type of book: A- Knowledge. B - educational. C- Commercial. 2- Modern graphic techniques for the programs used for closed designs for children's books. 3- a- adobe photoshop b- illustrator c- in design 4- The age group of the children.       ((3-6)) 5- Binding techniques and types of material: A - Carton paper. B- Corrugated cardboard. As the print material has an important role in showing and highlighting a side or a section that the designer deems necessary to bring out the advertising and promotional idea that the cover mainly targets, and since the cover is the first visual message aimed at attracting the recipient and drawing his attention, designers have been concerned with using the typographical elements of the cover to convey the idea in many Sometimes through two messages, the first is a text represented by the title of the book, and the second is graphic, which is reflected in what the book is looking for in its folds. The art of graphic design is considered one of the important visual communication arts, which is considered effective and vital in various areas of life in the modern world, where the child depends when choosing a book on the design elements used that ultimately affect the design and attract the child and make him love this book in particular to buy, and from here we can To say that children's books are a silent seller who markets themselves by integrating design elements to achieve the attraction of children. The research study also dealt with four chapters. The first chapter dealt with the problem, purpose, importance, limits and methodology, and the second chapter dealt with two topics. The research, and the fourth chapter deals with the analysis of models for children's book covers, the results, conclusions, recommendations and proposals. &nbsp

Factors Affecting the Efficiency of Excited-States Interactions of Complexes between Some Visible Light-Emitting Lanthanide Ions and Cyclophanes Containing Spirobiindanol Phosphonates

The efficiency of excited-states interactions between lanthanide ions Tb3+ and Eu3+ and some new cyclophanes (I, II, and III) has been studied in different media. High luminescence quantum yield values for terbium and europium complexes in DMSO and PMMA were obtained. The photophysical properties of the green and red emissive Tb3+ and Eu3+ complexes have been elucidated, respectively

Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) meal as a promising feed ingredient for poultry: A comprehensive review

Insects could be a potential replacement of protein‐rich ingredients in poultry diets. Among these insects, black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens, has a high content of protein and fat, which reinforces the potential of using it in poultry feed formulation and makes it one of the most promising insect species for commercial production. Protein content as well as amino acid profile in H. illucens larvae is comparable to those in many protein‐rich feedstuffs such as fish meal and soybean meal. BSF can convert organic wastes into a precious source of nutrients, such as proteins, lipids, and chitin, which contribute to reducing the environmental burden and pollution potential arising from organic waste accumulation. This review emphasizes the significance of this insect as a “green” technology in the extremely variable recycling of organic waste and generates a sustainable protein source as well as the importance of its use as a substitute of protein‐rich feedstuff in poultry feed manufacturing

Kaluza-Klein Type Robertson Walker Cosmological Model With Dynamical Cosmological Term Λ\Lambda

In this paper we have analyzed the Kaluza-Klein type Robertson Walker (RW) cosmological models by considering three different forms of variable $\Lambda$: $\Lambda\sim(\frac{\dot{a}}{a})^2$,$\Lambda\sim(\frac{\ddot{a}} {a})$ and $\Lambda \sim \rho$. It is found that, the connecting free parameters of the models with cosmic matter and vacuum energy density parameters are equivalent, in the context of higher dimensional space time. The expression for the look back time, luminosity distance and angular diameter distance are also derived. This work has thus generalized to higher dimensions the well-known results in four dimensional space time. It is found that there may be significant difference in principle at least, from the analogous situation in four dimensional space time.Comment: 16 pages, no figur