Shielding parameters of leaded cement mortar

The Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) represent more than 70% of global e-waste sets. The glass of the CRT is doped with lead to prevent emission of radiations especially electrons. The glass at the panel and neck of the CRT along with the cement mortar, a mixture of 70% neck glass and 30% cement (mix70), are investigated mathematically as shielding materials from photons having energies in the range 0.06-3 (MeV). Experimentally the material mix70 is tested at energies 0.238 and 0.583 (MeV). Good agreement was recognized between the calculated shielding parameters and that obtained experimentally while complete equality between the calculated parameters carried out using the online XCom software or Phy-X software except at low energies for concrete material. Glass from panel, neck and mix70 have acceptable shielding characteristics at and below the energy 0.238 (MeV) or generally at the X-ray region. Neck glass has good shielding parameters at the chosen energy region and it is nominated as a shielding material for many nuclear applications. To enhance the shielding characteristics of the material mix70 it should be compacted during preparation to get higher density. The present work tested the shielding properties of leaded glass composites to find out its integrity for practical shielding applications and radiological safety

Effect of Sperm Separation Methods on Morphology and Functions of Frozen Buffalo Spermatozoa

This work was planned to compare three methods for selection of active buffalo spermatozoa, examine the effects of these separation methods on morphology, viability and functions of spermatozoa used for IVF purposes. Ten frozen straws per trial (10 times) were pooled and divided into 4 aliquots:  A) First aliquot was considered as control without any separation method. B) Second aliquot was subjected to sperm selection by density gradient method (percoll:PureSperm) using 40-80% double density gradient. C) The third aliquot was subjected to swim-up in sp-TALP. D) The fourth aliquot was subjected to washing by centrifugation with sp-TALP. The percentage of motility increased for Percoll, swim up and washing than control (86.0, 73.0, and 66.5 vs. 56.5) respectively. Sperm abnormalities % was significantly decreased after Percoll, swim up and sperm wash separation methods. Spermatozoa obtained by Swim up and Percoll had the highest percentage of intact membrane. Different spermatozoa separation methods significantly increased the lytic activity of the recovered spermatozoa. Live spermatozoa percentage with reacted acrosome significantly increased after both swim up separation and washing. The percentage of dead spermatozoa with reacted acrosome significantly decreased after percoll separation but it did not change when the swim up method was used. Finally it is concluded that, density gradient centrifugation using PureSperm® could be considered as the method of choice for selection of frozen thawed buffalo spermatozoa and presumably with a high potential fertilizing ability. density gradient centrifugation using PureSperm® could be considered as the method of choice for selection of frozen thawed buffalo spermatozoa

New Exact Jacobi Elliptic Function Solutions for Nonlinear Equations Using F-expansion Method

In this work, Jacobi elliptic function solutions for integrable nonlinear equations using F-expansion method are represented. KdV and Boussinesq equations are considered and new results are obtained.Key Words: Jacobi elliptic functions; F-expansion method; Solitary waves; Periodic solution

Dermatoglyphics as a Non-Invasive Anatomical Marker in Early Childhood Caries

Background/Aim: Dermatoglyphics is supposed to be influenced by genetic and environmental factors and so also dental caries. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken to find out a possible relation between some quantitative and qualitative dermatoglyphic variables and early childhood caries (ECC). Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 200 children in age group of 3 to 6 years from two private kindergarten, Egypt, and divided into 2 equal groups i.e. caries active group (n=100) and caries free group (n=100). The caries active group included children with dmft index = 4 or more and caries free group consist of normal, healthy children without any dental caries. The finger prints of both hands were taken using a stamp pad method then qualitative and quantitative data of dermatoglyphics were analyzed. Results: There was increase in frequency of whorls and decrease in frequency of loops in caries active group when compared to caries free group which was statistically significant (p = 0.000). The total finger ridge counts of whorls was higher in caries active children while total finger ridge counts of loops and the atd angles were higher in caries free children. The differences were statistically significant (p = 0.000). Conclusion: Early childhood caries susceptibility of an individual increased with increased frequency of whorl pattern but it decreased with increased frequency of loop pattern and increased atd angl

Geometry of Evolving Plane Curves Problem via Lie Group Analysis

The purpose of the present work is to construct new geometrical models for motion of plane curves. We have obtained nonlinear partial differential equations and have discussed the solutions of these equations using symmetry groups methods. Also, geometric interpretation for these solutions are given through the Gaussian and mean curvatures to the soliton surfaces attached to the solution of the evolving problem. Key Words: Motion of curve; Symmetry groups; Monge for

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) versus flexible ureteroscopy (F-URS) for management of renal stone burden less than 2 cm in children: A randomized comparative study

Objective: To compare the outcome of flexible ureteroscopy (F-URS) versus extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for the management of renal stone burden less than 2 cm in children.Patients and methods: A randomized comparative study was conducted at our hospital between December 2013 and May 2015. Seventy two children with renal stone burden less than 2 cm were assessed for eligibility. Our primary outcome is to assess the stone free rate after the first session. The secondary goal is to assess the operative outcome and the associated postoperative complications.Results: Finally, 57 children were completed the treatment and follow up; 27 patients in F-URS group and 30 patients in ESWL group. Patient’s demographics and stone characteristics were comparable between both groups. F-URS group was associated with significantly longer operative time and hospital stay versus ESWL group. Overall complications occurred in 29.6% and 33.3% in F-URS groups and ESWL group, respectively (p value = 0.1) and most of them were of minor degree. F-URS was associated with significantly higher stone free rate after the first session which reached 81.4% versus 53.3% for ESWL group (p value = 0.00). The overall success was 92.5% and 90% in F-URS and ESWL group, respectively (p value = 0.5).Conclusion: Stone free rate after one session of F-URS is higher than ESWL with comparable rates of complications. F-URS could be offered to children who are less likely to respond completely after ESWL monotherapy.Keywords: Pediatric urolithiasis; Minimal invasive stone management; Flexible URS; ESW

MODIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE OF DEVICE FOR TESTING THE DIESEL ENGINE INJECTOR

iesel engine, but most of it is operating manually, maintenance and repair centers mostly have used the manually device which depended on the hand of operator to operate it therefore there are inaccuracies in tests. The injector tester device was modified from manual operation to mechanical operation to achieve the uniformity of the injection pressure during the injector test, install of reading, save time and accuracy of testing. Injector tester before the modification was consisted of small fuel tank, pump, pressure gauge, handle pumping and connecting tube. The injector tester device after the modification was consisted of main frame, fuel tank, injection unit, power transmission and measuring table.  From the experiments the fuel consumption was increased with injector tester device before modification than device after modification that with three different injectors due to the regularity of the motion in the mechanical device, but the manual device that is dependent on operator and the irregularity of motion which cause irregularity of pressure. Also, the fuel consumption was decreased with injectors' faults. This is indicating of accuracy reading pressure with the modified devices compared with the device before modified. The results indicated for the important factors which effect on the regularity of injection pressure during the injector testing. The injection pressure for modifying tester device was 175 bar and fuel consumption was 0.73 L/h. The injection pressure  and fuel consumption for tester device before modification were 210 bar and 4.73 L/h respectively. The rate of reducing can be concluded by using the modified tester device for the injection pressure was 1:0.83 and for fuel consumption was 1:0.155 as compared with the manual tester

Phylogenetic characterization of two echinoid species of the southeastern Mediterranean, off Egypt

AbstractIn this study we investigated the phylogenetics of two sea urchin species, Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus from the Mediterranean Sea. Specimens were collected from the east coast of Alexandria City, Egypt. Pigmentation examination showed four sympatric color morphotypes (black, purple, reddish brown, and olive green). Mitochondrial DNA was extracted from specimens and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S) were sequenced. The results showed that all black specimens constituted the species A. lixula. All other colors belonged to P. lividus, with no apparent differentiation between color morphotypes. Moreover, P. lividus showed high haplotype diversity (COI; H=0.9500 and 16S; H=0.8580) and low values of nucleotide diversity (COI; π=0.0075 and 16S; π=0.0049), indicating a high degree of polymorphism within this species. This study represents the first attempt at DNA barcoding of echinoid species in the southeast Mediterranean off the Egyptian coast, and will provide a base for future phylogenetic analyses