Traumatic Foot Fractures in Hard Working Donkeys

The present study was carried out on 45 hard working donkeys suffering from different types of traumatic foot fractures. These animals were selected from the clinical cases admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Assiut University during the period of 2007-2010. Based on history, clinical signs and radiographic examination, various types of traumatic foot fractures were diagnosed and recorded. These fractures were affect metacarpal bones (N. =16), metatarsal bones (N. =9), proximal phalanx (N. = 13), middle phalanx (N. = 3), distal phalanx (N. = 2) and proximal sesamoid bones (N. = 2). It could be concluded that fractures of the large metacarpal bones are the most common types followed by fractures of the proximal phalanx of the thoracic limb then fractures of the metatarsal bones. Fractures of the middle phalanx, distal phalanx and proximal sesamoid bone are less common in donkeys. Single fractures of the metacarpal and metatarsal bones are more common than comminuted one, in addition diaphyseal fractures of these bones are more common than metaphyseal or epiphyseal fractures. In the proximal phalanx, comminuted fractures are more common than single fractures

The portrayal of Egyptian women in selected novels of Najīb Mahfūz

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Statistical exponential distribution function as distance indicator to stellar groups

AbstractIn this paper, statistical distribution functions are developed for distance determination of stellar groups. This method depends on the assumption that, absolute magnitudes and apparent magnitudes follow an exponential distribution function. The developed approaches have been implemented to determine distances of some clusters and stellar associations. The comparison with the distances derived by different authors revealed good agreement

Simultaneous design of damping controllers and internal controllers of a unified power flow controller

In this paper, the use of a supplementary controller of a unified power flow controller (UPFC) to damp low frequency oscillations is investigated. A new technique to design UPFC damping controllers simultaneously with UPFC internal controllers is proposed. An optimization problem to search for the optimal controller settings is formulated so as to optimize a time-domain based objective function that considers all the controllers simultaneously. The effectiveness of the proposed controllers in damping low frequency oscillations is verified through eigenvalue analysis and non-linear time simulation. A comparison with a sequential design of the controllers under study is also .included

Generation of three-qubit entangled states using coupled multi-quantum dots

We discuss a mechanism for generating a maximum entangled state (GHZ) in a coupled quantum dots system, based on analytical techniques. The reliable generation of such states is crucial for implementing solid-state based quantum information schemes. The signature originates from a remarkably weak field pulse or a far off-resonance effects which could be implemented using technology that is currently being developed. The results are illustrated with an application to a specific wide-gap semiconductor quantum dots system, like Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) based quantum dots.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly-Methacrylic Acid Grafted Chitosan-Bentonite Composite and its Application for Heavy Metals Recovery

Poly-methacrylic acid grafted chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (MACB) was synthesized by g-irradiation polymerization. The nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) crystallography, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MACB nanocomposite was employed for the adsorption of mercury, cadmium and lead ions from aqueous solution. The effect of various parameters such as pH, contact time, metal ion concentration and temperature on the adsorption of metal ions onto MACB nanocomposite was investigated. The experimental results indicated that the order of adsorption capacity of MACB nanocomposite for metal ions was as follows: Hg2+ > Pb2+ > Cd2+. The data indicating that the adsorption of the latter ions onto MACB nanocomposite followed both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Equilibrium adsorption isotherm fitted the Langmuir model for Hg2+ ions and the adsorption of Cd2+ ions better fit the Freundlich isotherm model. The adsorption of Pb2+ ions followed both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Keywords: hydrogel; nanocomposites; clay; chitosan; ?-ray irradiation; Metal uptak

Biodegradation of used lubricating and diesel oils by a new yeast strain Candida viswanathii KA-2011

Disposal of the automotive lubricating oil after usage can cause environmental hazards. This study aimed to isolate a microbial isolate is that able to biodegrade lubricating oil effectively. A new yeast strain, identified by 18S-rRNA gene sequencing as Candida viswanathii KA-201l, was isolated from used lubricating oil, showed high biodegradation efficiency for different used lubricating oils. Capability of this isolate to degrade different high and low molecular weight hydrocarbons, castor oil, diesel oil and grease was tested. It showed high degradation efficiency for most of the tested compounds. The biodegradation products were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) in most cases. The biodegradation efficiency under high osmotic pressure was studied. It effectively biodegrade lubricating and diesel oils (58.6 and 93.9%, respectively) at 6% salt concentration after four days only. C. viswanathii KA-2011 can be effectively used for removal of lubricants, diesel or vegetative oils pollution from soil, wastewater and sea water. Use of C. viswanathii KA-2011 in the bioremediation of lubricant or gasoline contaminated sea-water save the aquaculture from these pollutants, as well as it open new horizons in using of contaminated soil and wastewater in agriculture.Keywords: Lubricating oils, diesel oil, biodegradation, Candida viswanathi

Clinico-radiographic Studies on The Prevalent Distal Limb Affections in Working Equine at Luxor City

To illustrate the clinical and radiographic findings of some distal limbs affections in Ninety two animals (24 horses and 68 donkeys) which were admitted to Animal Care Hospital in Luxor. Each animal was subjected to thorough clinical and radiographic examination; the grade of lameness was recorded and the best radiographic views were taken.  Fifteen types of distal limb affections were evident. The most prevalent affections in donkeys were high and low ring bone (29.35%) and hoof abscess ( 9.78%) followed by traumatic arthritis of the fetlock (6.52%), suspensory ligament desmitis (5.43%), fracture of first phalanx (5.43%), fracture of PII (4.35%), side bone (3.26%)  whereas, fracture of metacarpal bone (1.09%), sesamoditis (1.09%) and flexural deformities (1.09%)  represented the lowest prevalent affections.On the other hand, side bone (4.35%), fracture of the metacarpal bone (4.35%) represented the most prevalent affections in horses followed by high and low ring bone (3.26%), fractures of PI (2.17%), PII (2.17%), subluxation of coronopedal joint (2.17%) and punctured wounds in of the hoof (2.17%), traumatic arthritis of the fetlock joint (2.17%). Whereas, navicular disease (1.09%), suspensory ligament desmitis (1.09%) and hoof abscess (1.09%) were the lowest prevalent affections in horses. Treatment was not recommended in certain cases. In conclusion, although the wide stride progress have made in diagnostic imaging in recent decades, the x ray still offers a satisfactory tool for diagnostic imaging in equine limb practice that is useful for equine practitioners