Ergonomics evaluation of workplace at car tyre service centre

The project title is to evaluate an ergonomic on workplace at car tyre service centre. Too many people are injured while working in automotive workshops. Questionnaire survey on the workers by through interview session is used to identify a level of body discomfort area and sources of injury or uncomfortable feelings. Direct observation is performed by "walk through" inspection using digital camera to evaluate and identify ergonomic risk factor based on work activity that has ergonomic stressors present at the workplace. In particular, the application of Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) is used to evaluate exposures to postures, forces and muscle activities that have been shown to contribute to Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). From questionnaire survey findings, the twelve (12) of respondents have body discomfort in the neck (8 each), shoulder (10 each), elbow/forearm (9 each), hand/wrist (11 each), knee (7 each), lower leg (7 each) ankle/foot (4 each) and lower back (9 each). The main sources of injury/uncomfortable feeling in workplace are poor body posture (75%), bending the back (75%), highly repetitive motion (75%), heavy lifting object (83.3%), the long term standing (66.7%), long term squatting (58.3%), bending the neck (66.7%) and high hand force (58.3%). And about 50% reported that poor workplace design was contributed to source of injury while 41.7% reported in use of hand tools. Eight (8) pictures were taken by using digital camera for the eight (8) different tasks to identify the ergonomic physical risk factors. Most of the physical risk factors identified were awkward posture from working with the hands above the shoulders, neck bending, bending the back forward, repeated bending, reaching, squatting and kneeling on the hard surface. Lifting heavy objects more than 10 kg, not wearing a hand gloves and exposed to high hand arm vibration when using high impact wrench (air gun) also contributed to the ergonomic physical risk factor. The REBA analysis showed, mostly in a score of eleven (11), very high risk which require action to be taken immediately. This study also includes controlling, minimizing and eliminating the risks of work-related entire body disorders exposure. There is a two hierarchy of controls that are widely accepted for modifying ergonomic hazards in which are engineering controls and administrative controls. Engineering controls involve changing the workstation layout, selection and use of tools, position of process materials, or work methods used to complete a task. Administrative controls are policies or practices directed by management that can reduce or prevent exposure to ergonomics risk factors. The study will be useful to ergonomists, researchers, consultants, workshop managers, maintenance workers and others concerned with ergonomics design in workplace

Analysis of non uniform surface current distribution on thick and thin wire antenna

When wires are closely parallel, the surface current distribution becomes non uniform. Normal mode helical antenna is choosing in particular in order to study the effect of surface current distribution along its segmentation from the excitation segments towards the end of the antenna length. Antenna of different wire geometries such as wire thickness, and number of turn is designed to analyze anticipated results. The frequency operating in UHF band frequency spectrum is choose as a contribution towards widely application nowadays. The surface current distribution of thin wire antenna is not uniform as well for thick wire antennas. The difference is that thicker wire antennas results higher amount of current comparing to thin wire antennas. Higher amount of current of the surface wire antenna produce better gain and higher magnetic field strength value

Gaya belajar pelajar tingkatan lima aliran perdagangan di lima buah sekolah menengah teknik : suatu kajian

Kajian ini mengenal pasti gaya belajar Visual, Auditori dan Kinestetik pelajar tingkatan lima aliran perdagangan di lima buah sekolah menengah teknik. Objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti peratus setiap kecenderungan gaya belajar di setiap sekolah yang dikaji. Satu ratus lima puluh orang pelajar telah dijadikan responden kajian. Kajian ini adalah berbentuk deskriptif dan instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah borang soal selidik yang telah diubahsuai dari Learning Style Inventory. Data dianalisis menggunakan Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) versi 11.5 bagi mendapatkan peratus, min, sisihan piawai serta mengenal pasti sekiranya terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan setiap skor gaya belajar di kalangan sekolah yang dikaji. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan peratus kecenderungan gaya pelajar paling tinggi ialah gaya belajar Auditori diikuti dengan gaya belajar Kinestetik dan Visual

Experimental comparison between proportional and PWM-solenoid valves controlled servopneumatic positioning systems

The performance of the Dynamical Adaptive Backstepping-Sliding Mode Control (DAB-SMC) scheme for positioning of a pneumatic cylinder regulated by two types of PWM-solenoid valves is experimentally investigated. The goal is to study the compromise in controller’s performance as the system moves from using a proportional valve to employing the low-cost PWM-solenoid valves. Sinusoidal and multiple-step inputs are used as the reference position trajectories. Experimental results show that the DAB-SMC scheme works best with the proportional valve. The performance, however, deteriorates by more than twofold, once the system utilizes PWM- solenoid valves of 3/2-way or 2/2-way configurations. From this study, tradeoff between performances of different types of valves applied on a DAB-SMC scheme-controlled servo positioning system is successfully documented. This information helps to configure appropriate servopneumatic system for positioning applications

Development of symbolic algorithms for certain algebraic processes

This study investigates the problem of computing the exact greatest common divisor of two polynomials relative to an orthogonal basis, defined over the rational number field. The main objective of the study is to design and implement an effective and efficient symbolic algorithm for the general class of dense polynomials, given the rational number defining terms of their basis. From a general algorithm using the comrade matrix approach, the nonmodular and modular techniques are prescribed. If the coefficients of the generalized polynomials are multiprecision integers, multiprecision arithmetic will be required in the construction of the comrade matrix and the corresponding systems coefficient matrix. In addition, the application of the nonmodular elimination technique on this coefficient matrix extensively applies multiprecision rational number operations. The modular technique is employed to minimize the complexity involved in such computations. A divisor test algorithm that enables the detection of an unlucky reduction is a crucial device for an effective implementation of the modular technique. With the bound of the true solution not known a priori, the test is devised and carefully incorporated into the modular algorithm. The results illustrate that the modular algorithm illustrate its best performance for the class of relatively prime polynomials. The empirical computing time results show that the modular algorithm is markedly superior to the nonmodular algorithms in the case of sufficiently dense Legendre basis polynomials with a small GCD solution. In the case of dense Legendre basis polynomials with a big GCD solution, the modular algorithm is significantly superior to the nonmodular algorithms in higher degree polynomials. For more definitive conclusions, the computing time functions of the algorithms that are presented in this report have been worked out. Further investigations have also been suggested

Water resources management and the law: comparative study between Kedah and Selangor state government / Razali Muhammad, Abd Rahman Ramli, Abd Hamid Abd Rahman.

This research is a critical analysis on the differences in water resources management between the State of Kedah and Selangor after the amendment of the 9th Schedule in Federal Constitutional The establishment of Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara in 2006, under the provision of Water Service Commission Act and employs the Water Service Industry Act (WSIA) 2006 as regulatory tools to restructure the water resources management. The new system will ensure a more sustainable and efficient water supply service in Malaysia. However, since the land and water is under the jurisdiction State Authority on the State List,many conflict occurred between the Federal and State Government. This led to question, where is the significant and effectiveness of the WSIA 2006 in protecting the interst of the stakeholders in the Kedah and Selangor?. Malaysia had applies the unitary management and many agencies including the sState organization are involve play their function for water sustainability. However, there is no single agency entrusted with overall responsibility of holistic planning and management of water. Thus,this study was conducted on order to examine the differences in water resources management in Selangor and Kedah and the important of relevant regulatory body in both States

Application Of Dynamic Correlation Technique And Model Updating On Truck Chassis

Truck chassis is a major component in a vehicle system. It is often identified for refinement in order to develop vehicles with reduced cost and weight. Nowadays the process of chassis design in the automotive industry has been significantly refined with the high capabilities of advanced computer aided design and engineering tools,. The application of FEA such as structural modification and optimization is used to reduce component complexity, weight and subsequently cost. Because the level of model complexity can be high, the opportunity for error can also be high. For this reason, some form of model verification is needed before design decisions made in the FEA environment can be implemented in production. This paper looks into the application of dynamic correlation techniques for verification of the FEA models of truck chassis. The dynamic characteristics of truck chassis such as the natural frequency and mode shape were determined using finite element method. Experimental modal analysis was carried out to validate the FE models. Initial results from both analysis show that the truck chassis experienced 1st torsion mode for 1st natural frequency, 1st bending mode for 2nd natural frequency, 2nd torsion mode for 3rd natural frequency and 2nd bending mode for 4th natural frequency. However there is a small discrepancy in terms of frequency. Thus, the model updating of truck chassis model was done by adjusting the selective properties such as Modulus Young and Poisson ratio in order to get better agreement in the natural frequency between both analysis. Finally, the modifications of the updated FE truck chassis model was suggested such as by considering adding the stiffener. The purpose is to reduce the vibration as well as to improve the strength of the truck chassis

An evaluation of important criteria for measuring the facade condition of old shophouses in Malaysia

Preserving the facade of the old shop houses is important to reflect the image of an attractive townscape. Be-sides having a unique architectural motif, the facade of an old shop houses also has a high heritage value, particularly in terms of how it was built. Therefore, it is desirable to ensure the facade is always in good condition. However, it is difficult to determine the facade of the old shop houses that whether they are in good condition or not. This is because there are no specific criteria used to classify the condition of the facade. Therefore, this study aims to establish a system of criteria for which the facade of the old shop houses that can be assessed and classified in a comprehensive and sustainable. A total of 74 respondents from various professional fields including industry practitioners and academics have been involved in com-pleting the questionnaire. The results of this study will then be used as a basis for the establishment of the classification model for building facade of old shop houses in Malaysia

Indicative Planning of the West Malaysian Economy Using an Input-Output Projection Model

This paper discusses an input-output projection model which has been used for indicative planning of the West Malaysian economy into 1985. The model projects the structure of the economy including output, investment and labour in 1985 given a level of aggregate domestic consumption likely to be utilised in the target year. The basic projection indicates that the growth rate in per capita private consumption of4 per cent per annum assumed in the model appears infeasible, particularly £n terms of investment and labour requirements. The advent of technological changes, however, results in substantial reduction in investment, labour and export requirements, thus increasing the propor· tion of consumption in Gross Domestic Product in the target year. An increase in export prices also reduces the level of capital formation, exports and labour required to sustain the projected growth rate in consumption. The analysis of impHcations of an import replacement poHcy shows that import substitution of manufactured goods reduces the strain on the economy. However, import-substitution is benejt'c£al only up to a point where the pn'ce of domestically-produced manufactures is 10 per cent higher than the overseas prices

State snapshot : Texas

Texas Department of State Health ServicesTop 5 Public Health Priorities1. Enhance public health response to disasters anddisease outbreaks2. Prevent chronic diseases and infectious diseases3. Improve the health of infants and women4. Meet increased regulatory demands due to business growth5. Increase emphasis on health care qualityTotal NCCDPHP Funding: FY 2014 $9,041,961dCS258145AWCDC/NCCDPHP Programs -- Helpful Links -- Key Contacts