ПУТИ СНИЖЕНИЯ ИНФУЗИОННОЙ НАГРУЗКИ У ДЕТЕЙ С ОБШИРНЫМИ ОЖОГАМИ В ПЕРВЫЕ 24 ЧАСА ПОСЛЕ ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯ

The study was conducted with the purpose to optimize the management activities during first hours after burn injury. The prospective, open, randomized, comparative study included 50 children with severe burns demonstrated the safe reduction of fluid volume combined with the early enteral load. It was shown that early use of albumin in children with burns exceeding 20% of total body surface area allowed decreasing the need in crystalloid solutions when compiling infusion therapy regimen. That regimen allowed avoiding fluid overloading and development of the edema syndrome. Проведено исследование, направленное на оптимизацию комплекса мер интенсивной терапии в первые часы после ожогового повреждения. В проспективном, открытом, рандомизированном сравнительном исследовании у 50 детей с обширными ожогами продемонстрировано безопасное снижение объемов инфузионной терапии в сочетании с ранней энтеральной нагрузкой. Показана возможность раннего применения альбумина у детей с ожогами более 20% общей площади поверхности тела, что позволяет снизить потребность в кристаллоидных растворах при составлении схемы инфузионной терапии. Данная схема позволяет избежать перегрузки жидкостью и развития отечного синдрома.

Taxa-area relationship of aquatic fungi on deciduous leaves

One of the fundamental patterns in macroecology is the increase in the number of observed taxa with size of sampled area. For microbes, the shape of this relationship remains less clear. The current study assessed the diversity of aquatic fungi, by the traditional approach based on conidial morphology (captures reproducing aquatic hyphomycetes) and next generation sequencing (NGS; captures other fungi as well), on graded sizes of alder leaves (0.6 to 13.6 cm2). Leaves were submerged in two streams in geographically distant locations: the Oliveira Stream in Portugal and the Boss Brook in Canada. Decay rates of alder leaves and fungal sporulation rates did not differ between streams. Fungal biomass was higher in Boss Brook than in Oliveira Stream, and in both streams almost 100% of the reads belonged to active fungal taxa. In general, larger leaf areas tended to harbour more fungi, but these findings were not consistent between techniques. Morphospecies-based diversity increased with leaf area in Boss Brook, but not in Oliveira Stream; metabarcoding data showed an opposite trend. The higher resolution of metabarcoding resulted in steeper taxa-accumulation curves than morphospecies-based assessments (fungal conidia morphology). Fungal communities assessed by metabarcoding were spatially structured by leaf area in both streams. Metabarcoding promises greater resolution to assess biodiversity patterns in aquatic fungi and may be more accurate for assessing taxa-area relationships and local to global diversity ratios.This work was supported by the strategic programme UID/BIA/04050/2013 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007569), funded by national funds through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) I.P. (http://www.fct.pt/) and by the ERDF through the COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizacao (POCI) and by the project PTDC/AAC-AMB/117068/2010, funded by national funds through FCT I.P. and the European Regional Development Funds through the Operational Competitiveness Program (FEDER-COMPETE). Support from FCT to SD (SFRH/BPD/47574/2008 and SFRH/BPD/109842/2015) and from NSERC Discovery grant program (http://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/index_eng.asp) to FB is also acknowledged. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Microbenthos of subarctic intertidal beaches with different morphodynamics

Diversity and composition of benthic diatom algae and ciliates were studied at several beaches along the White and Barents seas, from highly exposed, reflective beaches with coarse-grained sands to sheltered, dissipative silty-sandy flats. The data set adresses the objective to estimate the possible influence of the morphodynamic state and/or the sediment properties on the microbenthos (diatom algae and ciliates) of various high-latitude sandy beaches from the White and Barents Sea coasts

Concept of scale in marine ecology: linking the words or the worlds?

The concept of scale (in sensu lato) is considered to be very promising as the integrative basis for modern ecology. Nowadays it is not a full-blown theory but rather a flexible and progressively developing methodology to outline future unifying theories. It provides a powerful conceptual framework for generating testable hypotheses and studying a wide range of ecological phenomena related with such themes as heterogeneity, hierarchy and size. Spatio-temporal heterogeneity, organizational hierarchies and body size are the main scaling factors for ecological patterns and processes. Broad comparison of patterns for these three different but interrelated dimensions can reveal some new regularities ("scaling laws") of ecological systems. It also allows us to look at the worlds of different organisms "through their own eyes". Some examples of applying the cross-scaling approach in marine ecology are considered: — Patterns and scales of spatial heterogeneity; — Species-area curves and body size; — Co-occurrence of congeners as scale-dependent phenomenon; — Spatio-temporal ranges of ecological hierarchies

Body size determines the strength of the latitudinal diversity gradient

In most groups of organisms, the species richness decreases from the tropics to the poles. The mechanisms causing this latitudinal diversity gradient are still controversial. We present data from a comprehensive weighted meta-analysis on the strength of the latitudinal gradient in relation to body size. We sampled literature data on the correlation between species richness and latitude for a variety of organisms, ranging from trees to protozoa. In addition, own data on the presence of large-scale diversity patterns for diatoms were included, both for local and regional species richness. The strength of the latitudinal gradient was positively correlated to the size of the organisms. Strongest decreases of species richness to the poles was found for large organisms like trees and vertebrates, whereas meiofauna, protozoa and diatoms showed weak or no correlations between species richness and latitude. These results imply that latitudinal gradients are shaped by non-equilibrium (regional) processes and are persistent under conditions of dispersal limitation

Microbenthos of subarctic intertidal beaches with different morphodynamics

Diversity and composition of benthic diatom algae and ciliates were studied at several beaches along the White and Barents seas, from highly exposed, reflective beaches with coarse-grained sands to sheltered, dissipative silty-sandy flats. The data set adresses the objective to estimate the possible influence of the morphodynamic state and/or the sediment properties on the microbenthos (diatom algae and ciliates) of various high-latitude sandy beaches from the White and Barents Sea coasts

Compositionı characteristics and long-term variability of the freshwater microcrustacean fauna of the Faroe Islands

Chertoprud, Anna A. Novichkova ı Elena S., Azovsky, Andrey I. (2019): Compositionı characteristics and long-term variability of the freshwater microcrustacean fauna of the Faroe Islands. Journal of Natural History 53 (39): 2449-2465, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.170458

WAYS OF REDUCTION OF FLUID VOLUME IN CHILDREN WITH SEVERE BURNS DURING FIRST 24 HOURS AFTER THE INJURY

The study was conducted with the purpose to optimize the management activities during first hours after burn injury. The prospective, open, randomized, comparative study included 50 children with severe burns demonstrated the safe reduction of fluid volume combined with the early enteral load. It was shown that early use of albumin in children with burns exceeding 20% of total body surface area allowed decreasing the need in crystalloid solutions when compiling infusion therapy regimen. That regimen allowed avoiding fluid overloading and development of the edema syndrome