The Dynamics of Religious Conflict in Indonesia: Contestation and Resolution of Religious Conflicts in The New Order Age

Social conflicts in Indonesia are often associated with political turmoil and disappointment with the hegemony of power.  Therefore, it is important to understand comprehensively how the dynamics of religious conflict in Indonesia, especially during the New Order era.  As we know that this research is a literature study to understand the contestation of religious conflicts and how conflict resolution was implemented by the government in resolving ethnic-religious conflicts during the New Order era.  Using qualitative methods, this study finds that there are several factors of ethnic and religious conflicts in Indonesia, especially during the New Order era, namely group identity conflicts, levels of chaos and social mobilization, repressive actions by power groups, and collective conflicts between communal groups.  This study also shows that for the resolution of social conflicts, the government uses a repressive and security approach to control the community, and there is also a cultural approach from civil society as a form of resistance for the government.  Civil society also plays an active role in promoting peace agreements between conflicting groups.Konflik sosial di Indonesia seringkali dikaitkan dengan kekacauan politik dan kekecewaan terhadap hegemoni kekuasaan. Karena itu, penting untuk memahami lebih komprehensif bagaimana dinamika konflik agama di Indonesia, khususnya pada masa Orde Baru. Sebagaimana kita ketahui bahwa. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kepustakaan untuk memahami kontestasi konflik agama dan bagaimana resolusi konflik yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah dalam penyelesaian konflik agama-etnis pada masa Orde Baru. Menggunakan metode kualitatif, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ada beberapa faktor konflik etnis dan agama di Indonesia, khususnya pada masa Orde Baru, yaitu konflik identitas kelompok, tingkat kekacauan dan mobilisasi sosial, tindakan represif oleh kelompok kekuasaan, dan konflik kolektif diantara kelompok komunal. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa untuk penyelesaian konflik sosial, pemerintah menggunakan pendekatan represif dan keamanan untuk mengontrol masyarakat, dan juga ada pendekatan budaya dari masyarakat sipil sebagai salah satu perlawanan bagi pemerintah. Masyarakat sipil juga berperan aktif dalam mendorong kesepakatan damai antara kelompok-kelompok yang berkonflik

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INFOGRAFIS MATERI DAMPAK POLITIK, BUDAYA, SOSIAL, EKONOMI, DAN PENDIDIKAN PADA MASA PENJAJAHAN BANGSA EROPA TERHADAP INDONESIA KELAS XI IPS I SMAN 17 SURABAYA

In learning, the problem faced by students is that teacher and teacher minimum use of learning media still USES ordinary powerpoint in the learning process and assumes that history lessons are boring because history simply memorizes the history which is prone to saturated and teaching systems created by teachers are too monotonous. Therefore, based on analysis of needs and potential problem solving, it is necessary to develop a learning media on the impact of European colonization on Indonesian history subjects so that students may be motivated to learn for themselves at any time, anywhere through the smartphone. Researchers suggest infographic development because infographic is a medium that is easy to digest any information. Thus, infographic could be one of the solutions to the problem of history study. The goal of development is to produce infographic products on the subject of the impact of European colonization on Indonesian subjects of history and to know the infographic results of the students' study. The development model used was addie (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) with research subjects of the eleventh class of a surabaya public high school. Researchers use an angket technique, and tests act as data collection tools. The results of analysis of the infographic data development on the materials of the European colonization of the Indonesian ixi-class history subjects were supported by the validator designated by researchers to test media worth. Media experts are 100% "very good", materials are 100% "very good", small group testing = 888% "very good", usage test = 91.11% "very good". With the above data showing that infographic materials the impact of European colonizationon Indonesian subjects of history is worthy of use for learning activities. Enhanced by testing the effectiveness of the infolearning media effectiveness - the post-test by showing the xi ips ips value at 66.7403 or increasing its value by 66.7403 or by acquiring it, it is certainly under the "quite effective" category of Europe toward Indonesia that history subjects are declared to be effective and can enhance the results of studies by the 117surabaya public high school students. Keywords: infographic, The effects of colonialism, results of learnin

A Clinical Study on Pravahika through Vasti and Kutaja Parpati

The disease Pravahika is a Swatantra Vyadhi as well as an Upadrava of Atisara. Acharya Charaka mentions it as a symptom in Kaphaja Atisara and as a Vastivyapat. Susruta and Madhavakara have first identified Pravahika as a distinctive disease. Vagbhata has also explained about Bimbishi, which is a synonym of Pravahika. In developing countries, the unhealthy environment or environmental hazards, unhealthy food habits and occupation plays an important role in creating serious problems. Among this, Amoebiasis is a common communicable infection of gastro-intestinal tract, which has a worldwide distribution. Amoebiasis results due to the infection by Entamoeba histolytica. It is estimated that >480 million people carry the infection in their intestinal tract and approximately 1/10th of infected people suffer from invasive Amoebiasis. It was estimated that in 2010 Amoebiasis accounted for about 55,000 death worldwide.[1] The objectives of the present study is to assess the efficacy of Sangrahi Vasti and Kutaja Parpati in the management of Pravahika (Intestinal Amoebiasis)

CRISPR transcriptional repression devices and layered circuits in mammalian cells

A key obstacle to creating sophisticated genetic circuits has been the lack of scalable device libraries. Here we present a modular transcriptional repression architecture based on clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system and examine approaches for regulated expression of guide RNAs in human cells. Subsequently we demonstrate that CRISPR regulatory devices can be layered to create functional cascaded circuits, which provide a valuable toolbox for engineering purposes.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5R01CA155320-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant P50 GM098792)Korea (South). Ministry of Science, Information and Communication Technolgy. Intelligent Synthetic Biology Center of Global Frontier Project (2013M3A6A8073557

The Effect of Managing Distance Learning Educational Platforms on the Achievement of Secondary School Students in Chemistry in Jordan

The study aimed to identify the effect of Managing distance learning educational platforms on the achievement of secondary school students in chemistry in Jordan. To achieve the objective of the study, the descriptive approach was used by constructing a questionnaire, and its validity and reliability were verified. The study sample consisted of (2019) male and female students. The study identified the following results: There was a statistically significant effect for the impact of managing educational platforms on Secondary students taught through distance learning on the total score in academic achievement and that effect accounted for (64.8%) of the achievement. As for aspects, the results showed a statistically significant effect of the student-related and teacher-related aspects on academic achievement, and the lack of an effect of aspects related to the technical aspect. The results also showed the high effectiveness of educational platforms for students in the secondary stage during the distance learning with its various platforms in the kingdom ,and the "student" –related aspect ranked first, and in the second place came technical – related aspect, and in the third and last place came teacher - related aspects .The results also showed that there were statistically significant differences in the effectiveness of high school students during distance learning on the total degree and aspects according to the variables (educational platform, gender, grade) and the differences were in favor of females, the second secondary grade and Darsak platform .In light of the results, a number of recommendations were presented, the most important of which were: The necessity of encouraging secondary school students, especially the second secondary to follow the educational platforms to promote achievement, and to understand the educational materials ,And to lessen dependence on financially strained private lessons for students’ families and training teachers on the optimal use of distance learning which has become a requirement of the current era. Keywords: Educational platforms, distance learning, Chemistry. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/12-26-06 Publication date:September 30th 202

RANCANG BANGUN PEMANTAUAN PENGUKURAN BIAYA LISTRIK PADA KANTOR YAYASAN PANTI ASUHAN ANAK YATIM PIATU SUNAN AMPEL BERBASIS ARDUINO NANO

Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat dan benda-benda elektonik yang semakin banyak digunakan, kebutuhan energi listrik pun meningkat. Di Indonesia masalah kelistrikan akibat dari pasokan energy listrik meningkat lebih pesat untuk memenuhi pasokan listrik yang dibutuhkan. Akibanya, kebanyakan masyarakat merancang sebuah alat untuk menghemat energi listrik untuk memperkecil biaya tarif listrik yang semakin mahal.Pada penelitian ini telah dirancang sistem aplikasi mikrokontroler arduino nano untuk memantau biaya listrik pada kantor yayasan panti asuhan anak yatim piatu sunan ampel agar mengetahui berapa pengeluaran tiap harinya, sesuai dengan beban listrik yang dipergukan.Penggunaan mikrokontroler arduino nano dimaksudkan agar didapatkan akumulasi waktu penggunaan listrik dan daya terpakai selama durasi waktu tersebut. Indikator Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) dipakai untuk menampilkan akumulasi biaya listrik, sesuai dengan perhitungan tarif listrik dari PT. PLN, yaitu sebesar Rp. 1350,- per kwh. Dan Keypad untuk memasukkan tarif dasar listrik.Hasil pengujian alat, sistem yang dirancang menampilkan daya yang terpakai dan biaya listrik yang harus dibayar yang sesuai dengan durasi waktu terpakai. Tingkat keakurasian alat tersebut sudah memenuhi standar PLN. Dengan persentase kesalahan 0,14% pada kondisi pagi, 0,16% pada kondisi siang dan 0,081% pada kondisi malam.