The CAITLIN Auralization System: Hierarchical Leitmotif Design as a Clue to Program Comprehension

Early experiments have suggested that program auralization can convey information about program structure [8]. Languages like Pascal contain classes of construct that are similar in nature allowing hierarchical classification of their features. This taxonomy can be reflected in the design of musical signatures which are used within the CAITLIN program auralization system. Experiments using these hierarchical leitmotifs indicate whether or not their similarities can be put to good use in communicating information about program structure and state

Musical Program Auralisation: Empirical Studies

Program auralisation aims to communicate information about program state, data, and behaviour using audio. We have argued that music offers many advantages as a communication medium [1]. The CAITLIN system [4, 16, 17, 18] was constructed to provide auralisations within a formal structured musical framework. Pilot studies [4, 16] showed that programmers could infer program structure from auralisations alone. A study was conducted using twenty-two novice programmers to assess a) whether novices could understand the musical auralisations and b) whether the musical experience and knowledge of subjects affected their performance. The results show that novices could interpret the auralisations (with accuracy varying across different levels of abstraction) and that musical knowledge had no significant effect on performance. A second experiment was conducted with another twenty-two novice programmers to study the effects of musical program auralisation on debugging tasks. The experiment aimed to determine whether auralisations would lead to higher bug detection rates. The results indicate that, in certain circumstances, musical auralisations can be used to help locate bugs in programs and that musical skill does not affect the ability to make use of the auralisations. In addition, it the experiment showed that subjective workload increased when the musical auralisations were used

CAITLIN: A Musical Program Auralisation Tool to Assist Novice Programmers with Debugging

Early experiments have suggested that program auralization can convey information about program structure [5]. Languages like Pascal contain classes of construct that are similar in nature allowing hierarchical classification of their features. This taxonomy can be reflected in the design of musical signatures which are used within the CAITLIN program auralization system. Experiments using these hierarchical leitmotifs should (see note in EXPERIMENT section) indicate that their similarities can be put to good use in communicating information about program structure and state

Obstructions to Pin Structures on Kleinian Manifolds

We develop various topological notions on four-manifolds of Kleinian signature $(- - + +)$. In particular, we extend the concept of `Kleinian metric homotopy' to non-orientable manifolds. We then derive the topological obstructions to pin-Klein cobordism, for all of the pin groups. Finally, we discuss various examples and applications which arise from this work.Comment: 20 pages, Latex, 2 xfigures available from Andrew Chamblin at [email protected]

On one connection between Lorentzian and Euclidean metrics

We investigate connections between pairs of (pseudo-)Riemannian metrics whose sum is a (tensor) product of a covector field with itself. A bijective mapping between the classes of Euclidean and Lorentzian metrics is constructed as a special result. The existence of such maps on a differentiable manifold is discussed. Similar relations for metrics of arbitrary signature on a manifold are considered. We point the possibility that any physical theory based on real Lorentzian metric(s) can be (re)formulated equivalently in terms of real Euclidean metric(s).Comment: 21 standard (11pt, A4) LaTeX 2e pages. The packages AMS-LaTeX and amsfonts are required. Revised: all proofs are significantly simplified and new material is adde

Music and Speech in Auditory Interfaces: When is One Mode More Appropriate Than the Other?

A number of experiments, which have been carried out using non-speech auditory interfaces, are reviewed and the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The possible advantages of using non-speech audio media such as music are discussed – richness of the representations possible, the aesthetic appeal, and the possibilities of such interfaces being able to handle abstraction and consistency across the interface

Using Education to Improve Nurse Perceptions on Rounding to Increase Patient Safety and Efficiency of Care on a Behavioral Health Unit: A Quality Improvement Project

Abstract Background: Hourly rounding completed by nursing staff are routinely completed on most inpatient hospital units. Evidence suggests that hourly rounding can improve patient outcomes, patient satisfaction rates, communication, minimize patient requests and improve the nurse patient relationship (Halm, 2009). Additional evidence suggests that inpatient psychiatric patients often feel disconnected from their nurse and hourly rounding is recommended to build the nurse-patient relationship (DaSilva, 2017). However, for successful implementation, nurse perceptions of rounding must be obtained. Local Problem: Hourly rounding is a standard of practice, however, was not being consistently completed. Assessing the nurse perceptions regarding rounding, was imperative understand why and what barriers were. Methods: Employing the Plan, Do, Study, Act framework, over the course of four weeks, nurses on an inpatient behavioral health unit were surveyed, utilizing the NPPRS tool, regarding their perceptions of hourly rounding. Interventions: An educational presentation, utilizing the ICARE model, was presented to nurses and disbursed to others who did not attend the presentation. Following, the nurses were surveyed two weeks later to assess for any changes in nurse perceptions. Results: The results of the project indicated a 10 percent increase in nurse perceptions regarding rounding, following the educational material distributed to all nurses. Conclusion: The NPPRS is an effective tool at understanding nurse perceptions on hourly rounding. Education utilizing the ICARE model was efficient at improving nurse perceptions on rounding. Further education as well as a pilot program implementing hourly rounds should be implemented to understand usability and outcomes on the inpatient behavioral health unit

Young people and ICT 2002: findings from a survey conducted in Autumn 2002

This report describes a survey that explored the attitudes and experiences of young people aged 5-18 and their parents, in relation to the use of information and communications technology (ICT) at home and at schoo

How to use pen and paper tasks to aid tremor diagnosis in the clinic

When a patient presents with tremor, it can be useful to perform a few simple pen and paper tests. In this article, we explain how to maximise the value of handwriting and of drawing Archimedes spirals and straight lines as clinical assessments. These tasks take a matter of seconds to complete but provide a wealth of information that supplements the standard physical examination. They aid the diagnosis of a tremor disorder and can contribute to its longitudinal monitoring. Watching the patient’s upper limb while they write and draw may reveal abnormalities such as bradykinesia, dystonic posturing and distractibility. The finished script and drawings can then be evaluated for frequency, amplitude, direction and symmetry of oscillatory pen movements and for overall scale of penmanship. Essential, dystonic, functional and parkinsonian tremor each has a characteristic pattern of abnormality on these pen and paper tests