The Flexible Wing Project: Advanced Tailoring Strategies for Laminated Composite Materials Final Report

Manufacturers are beginning to consider the possibilities of moving away from traditional composite material designs but need further evidence that aero-elastically tailored composite materials can: produce weight savings; introduce aerodynamic efficiency and reduce manufacturing time without incurring cost penalties. This research has developed advanced composite tailoring strategies using novel fibre reinforced architectures, with mechanical coupling properties that can be either maintained or tailored through a novel ply termination scheme to change the laminate thickness. Most importantly however, all designs possess immunity to thermal warping distortions; hence they can be manufactured to the desired shape using a high temperature curing system. The research results have been exploited by a leading Brazilian airframe manufacturer for preliminary design of a new aero-elastically tailored wing

Interação Entre Xilanase, Glicose Oxidase E ácido Ascórbico Na Qualidade Tecnológica De Pão Elaborado Com Farinha Do Trigo Integral

This study aimed to verify the performance of xylanase and its interaction with oxidants agents (glucose oxidase and ascorbic acid) on the quality of whole wheat bread. The experiment was based on a central composite rotational design and the Response Surface Methodology was used to analyze the results. None of the xylanase, glucose oxidase or ascorbic acid concentrations within the studied range led to a significant difference in the specific volume. The highest moisture content and the lowest firmness values were reported in the bread with lower and intermediate levels of xylanase and larger amounts of glucose oxidase and ascorbic acid. This effect was observed mainly at the end of the storage period. A minimum amount of xylanase (from 33 to 63 EDX kg-1 flour) showed to be essential for obtaining best results. Levels of ascorbic acid above 63mg kg-1 and glucose oxidase above 91 SRU kg-1 proved to be necessary to offer the beneficial effect of xylanase. © 2016, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. All rights reserved.46122249225

THE COUNSELING PROCESS IN STD, HIV AND AIDS AS WELL AS ITS INTERRELATIONSHIP WITH NURSING KNOWLEDGE PATTERNS – A CONNECTION

Artigo de reflexão que tem como objetivo inter-relacionar a prática do processo de aconselhamento aos quatro padrões de conhecimento da Enfermagem, o empírico, estético, pessoal e ético propostos por CARPER (1978) O processo de aconselhamento em DST, HIV e AIDS compreende uma relação de ajuda e cuidado para com o outro, com a finalidade de resgatar a integralidade da pessoa, descobrir suas potencialidades, fortalecer sua autonomia e responsabilidade no desenvolvimento do autocuidado, bem como a transformação na adoção de hábitos mais seguros com vistas a prevenção das DST, do HIV e da AIDS. O aconselhamento pressupõe a existência de uma postura e atitude profissional que constitui diretrizes para esta prática, quais sejam: o exercício do acolhimento, a escuta ativa, a comunicação competente, a avaliação de riscos e reflexão conjunta sobre alternativas para novos hábitos de prevenção e a orientação sobre aspectos clínicos e do tratamento O processo de aconselhamento exige do enfermeiro a aquisição de conhecimentos, competência e habilidades pertinentes à área para que o cuidado possa ser efetivado de forma a contemplar a multidimensionalidade de aspectos envolvidos na vivência de cada ser.A thought-provoking article which aims to interrelate the practice of the counseling process to the four patterns of nursing knowledge (empirical, esthetic, personal and ethical) proposed by CARPER (1978). The counseling process on STD, HIV and AIDS entails a relationship of help and care with the other objectifying to recover his/her wholeness, to find out his/her potentialities, to strengthen his/her autonomy and responsibility undertaking self-care, and effect the adoption of safer habits in order to prevent STD, HIV and AIDS. Counseling implies the existence of a professional posture and attitude, which take up the guidelines for this practice, such as: welcoming exercise, active listening, competent communication, risk assessment and joint pondering over the alternatives towards new preventive habits besides guidance on clinical and treatment aspects. The counseling process demands nurses to acquire proper knowledge, competence and abilities so that care can be provided in such a way to apprehend the multidimensional aspects in the lived experience of each human being

Key endothelial cell angiogenic mechanisms are stimulated by the circulating milieu in sickle cell disease and attenuated by hydroxyurea

As hypoxia-induced inflammatory angiogenesis may contribute to sickle cell disease manifestations, we compared the angiogenic molecular profiles of plasma from sickle cell disease individuals and correlated these with in vitro endothelial cell-mediated angiogenesis-stimulating activity and in vivo neovascularization. Bioplex demonstrated that plasma from steady-state sickle cell anemia patients presented elevated concentrations of pro-angiogenic factors (Angiopoietin-1, basic fibroblast growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor-D and placental growth factor) and displayed potent pro-angiogenic activity, significantly augmenting endothelial cell proliferation, migration and capillary-like structure formation. In vivo neovascularization of Matrigel plugs was significantly greater in sickle cell disease mice, compared with non-sickle cell disease mice, consistent with an upregulation of angiogenesis in the disease. In plasma from patients with hemoglobin SC disease without proliferative retinopathy, anti-angiogenic endostatin and thrombospondin-2 were significantly elevated. In contrast, plasma from hemoglobin SC individuals with proliferative retinopathy displayed a pro-angiogenic profile and had more significant effects on endothelial cell proliferation and capillary formation than plasma of patients without retinopathy. Hydroxyurea therapy was associated with significant reductions in plasma angiogenic factor profile, in association with an inhibition of endothelial cell-mediated angiogenic mechanisms and neovascularization. Thus, sickle cell anemia and retinopathic hemoglobin SC individuals present a highly angiogenic circulating milieu, capable of stimulating key endothelial cell-mediated angiogenic mechanisms. Combination anti-angiogenic therapy for preventing progression of unregulated neovascularization and associated manifestations in sickle cell disease, such as pulmonary hypertension, may be indicated; furthermore, the benefits and drawbacks of the potent anti-angiogenic effects of hydroxyurea should be clarified.As hypoxia-induced inflammatory angiogenesis may contribute to sickle cell disease manifestations, we compared the angiogenic molecular profiles of plasma from sickle cell disease individuals and correlated these with in vitro endothelial cell-mediated an1006730739FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO2008/57441-0; 2009/16334-0565036/201

The amygdala lesioning due to status epilepticus – Changes in mechanisms controlling chloride homeostasis

Objective: Amygdala has been demonstrated as one of the brain sites involved in the control of cardiorespiratory functioning. The structural and physiological alterations induced by epileptic activity are also present in the amygdala and reflect functional changes that may be directly associated with a sudden unexpected death. Seizures are always associated with neuronal damage and changes in the expression of cation-chloride cotransporters and Na/K pumps. In this study, the authors aimed to investigate if these changes are present in the amygdala after induction of status epilepticus with pilocarpine, which may be directly correlated with Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP). Methods: Pilocarpine-treated wistar rats 60 days after Status Epilepticus (SE) were compared with control rats. Amygdala nuclei of brain slices immunostained for NKCC1, KCC2 and α1-Na+/K+-ATPase, were quantified by optical densitometry. Results: The amygdaloid complex of the animals submitted to SE had no significant difference in the NKCC1 immunoreactivity, but KCC2 immunoreactivity reduced drastically in the peri-somatic sites and in the dendritic-like processes. The α1-Na+/K+-ATPase peri-somatic immunoreactivity was intense in the rats submitted to pilocarpine SE when compared with control rats. The pilocarpine SE also promoted intense GFAP staining, specifically in the basolateral and baso-medial nuclei with astrogliosis and cellular debris deposition. Interpretation: The findings revealed that SE induces lesion changes in the expression of KCC2 and α1-Na+/K+-ATPase meaning intense change in the chloride regulation in the amygdaloid complex. These changes may contribute to cardiorespiratory dysfunction leading to SUDEP

Association between ventilation index and time on mechanical ventilation in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between time on mechanical ventilation and anthropometric, clinical and pulmonary function variables, measured early, in infants on invasive mechanical ventilation with acute respiratory failure due to viral bronchiolitis, and the temporal progression of variables with significant correlations. METHODS: Twenty-nine infants admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit of UNICAMP university hospital were studied. Acute viral bronchiolitis was defined according to clinical and radiological criteria. Children with chronic diseases and those that were hemodynamically unstable were excluded. All measurements were taken after 24 to 72 hours' mechanical ventilation, using volumetric capnography and blood gas analysis. Mechanical ventilation time was divided into: 7 days. Association between time on mechanical ventilation and the variables analyzed was determined by Spearman's Correlation Coefficient (r s). RESULTS: Time on mechanical ventilation showed a significant positive correlation with PaCO2 (r s = 0.45, p = 0.01) and ventilation index (r s = 0.51, p = 0.005), and a negative correlation with pH (r s = -0.40, p = 0.03). Ventilation indices of 37, measured between day one and day five, was associated with a progressively increased risk of more than 7 days on mechanical ventilation (OR = 4.2 on the first day to 15.71 on the fourth day). CONCLUSION: Ventilation index, PaCO2 and pH, measured early, were associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, reflecting the severity of ventilatory disturbance and the need for support.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação entre tempo de ventilação mecânica e variáveis antropométricas, clínicas e de função pulmonar, precocemente, em lactentes com insuficiência respiratória por bronquiolite viral aguda em ventilação mecânica invasiva, e a evolução temporal das variáveis significativamente correlacionadas. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 29 lactentes admitidos na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica do Hospital de Clínicas da UNICAMP, com diagnóstico de bronquiolite viral aguda, definido por critérios clínicos e radiológicos. Lactentes com doenças crônicas ou instabilidade hemodinâmica foram excluídos. Todas as medidas foram feitas entre 24 e 72 horas em ventilação mecânica, usando capnografia volumétrica e análise dos gases sangüíneos. O tempo de ventilação mecânica foi dividido em: menor ou igual que 7 dias e maior que 7 dias. A associação entre o tempo de ventilação e as variáveis analisadas foi determinada pelo coeficiente de correlação de Spearman (r s) RESULTADOS: O tempo de ventilação mecânica apresentou correlação positiva significativa com a PaCO2 (r s = 0,45, p = 0,01) e com o índice de ventilação (r s = 0,51, p = 0,005), e negativa com o pH (r s = -0,40, p = 0,03). Índice de ventilação com valor de 37, avaliado do primeiro ao quinto dia, foi associado a risco progressivamente aumentado de tempo de ventilação mecânica maior que 7 dias (OR = 4,2 no primeiro dia a 15,71 no quarto dia) CONCLUSÕES: Índice ventilatório, PaCO2 e pH, precocemente medidos, foram associados com tempo prolongado em ventilação mecânica, refletindo a gravidade do distúrbio ventilatório e necessidade de suporte.46647

Equations based on anthropometric measurements for adipose tissue, body fat, or body density prediction in children and adolescents: a scoping review

Assessing the body composition of children and adolescents is important to monitor their health status. Anthropometric measurements are feasible and less-expensive than other techniques for body composition assessment. This study aimed to systematically map anthropometric equations to predict adipose tissue, body fat, or density in children and adolescents, and to analyze methodological aspects of the development of anthropometric equations using skinfolds. Methods: A scoping review was carried out following the PRISMA-ScR criteria. The search was carried out in eight databases. The methodological structure protocol of this scoping review was retrospectively registered in the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/35uhc/). Results: We included 78 reports and 593 anthropometric equations. The samples consisted of healthy individuals, people with different diseases or disabilities, and athletes from different sports. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was the reference method most commonly used in developing equations. Triceps and subscapular skinfolds were the anthropometric measurements most frequently used as predictors in the equations. Age, stage of sexual maturation, and peak height velocity were used as complementary variables in the equations. Conclusion: Our scoping review identified equations proposed for children and adolescents with a great diversity of characteristics. In many of the reports, important methodological aspects were not addressed, a factor that may be associated with equation bias. Level IV: Evidence obtained from multiple time series analysis such as case studies. (NB: dramatic results in uncontrolled trials might also be regarded as this type of evidence).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Holographic dark energy in a non-flat universe with Granda-Oliveros cut-off

Motivated by Granda and Oliveros (GO) model, we generalize their work to the non-flat case. We obtain the evolution of the dark energy density, the deceleration and the equation of state parameters for the holographic dark energy model in a non-flat universe with GO cut-off. In the limiting case of a flat universe, i.e. $k = 0$, all results given in GO model are obtained.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure