Hiperglicemia em pacientes pediátricos com traumatismo craniencefálico: estudo de corte transversal

OBJECTIVE: To verify the prevalence of acute hyperglycemia in children with head trauma stratified by the Glasgow coma scale (GCS). METHOD: A prospective cross-sectional study carried out with information from medical records of pediatric patients presenting with head injury in the emergency room of a referral emergency hospital during a one year period. We considered the cut-off value of 150 mg/dL to define hyperglycemia. RESULTS: A total of 340 children were included and 60 (17.6%) had admission hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia was present in 9% of mild head trauma cases; 30.4% of those with moderate head trauma and 49% of severe head trauma. We observed that among children with higher blood glucose levels, 85% had abnormal findings on cranial computed tomography scans. CONCLUSION: Hyperglycemia was more prevalent in patients with severe head trauma (GCS <8), regardless if they had or not multiple traumas and in children with abnormal findings on head computed tomography scans.OBJETIVO: Verificar a prevalência de hiperglicemia aguda em crianças vítimas de trauma craniencefálico, de acordo com a escala de coma de Glasgow (GCS). MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo, de corte transversal realizado por meio do acompanhamento de prontuários médicos de pacientes na faixa etária pediátrica admitidos na unidade de urgência de um hospital de referência vítimas de traumatismo craniencefálico, durante um ano. Consideramos o valor de corte em 150 mg/dL para definição de hiperglicemia. RESULTADOS: 340 crianças foram incluídas no estudo e 60 (17,6%) apresentaram hiperglicemia na admissão. Hiperglicemia esteve presente em 9% dos casos de trauma craniano leve, 30,4% daqueles com trauma craniano moderado e em 49% dos pacientes com trauma craniano grave. Verificamos que, entre as crianças com níveis elevados de glicemia, 85% apresentavam alterações radiológicas verificadas na tomografia computadorizada do crânio. CONCLUSÃO: A hiperglicemia foi mais prevalente em pacientes com traumatismo craniano grave (GCS <8), assim como naqueles com alterações identificadas na tomografia computadorizada do crânio, independente da presença de politraumatismo

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test: Background, Applicability and Interpretation

Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) has been gaining importance as a method of functional assessment in Brazil and worldwide. In its most frequent applications, CPET consists in applying a gradually increasing intensity exercise until exhaustion or until the appearance of limiting symptoms and/or signs. The following parameters are measured: ventilation; oxygen consumption (VO2); carbon dioxide production (VCO2); and the other variables of conventional exercise testing. In addition, in specific situations, pulse oximetry and flow-volume loops during and after exertion are measured. The CPET provides joint data analysis that allows complete assessment of the cardiovascular, respiratory, muscular and metabolic systems during exertion, being considered gold standard for cardiorespiratory functional assessment.1-6 The CPET allows defining mechanisms related to low functional capacity that can cause symptoms, such as dyspnea, and correlate them with changes in the cardiovascular, pulmonary and skeletal muscle systems. Furthermore, it can be used to provide the prognostic assessment of patients with heart or lung diseases, and in the preoperative period, in addition to aiding in a more careful exercise prescription to healthy subjects, athletes and patients with heart or lung diseases. Similarly to CPET clinical use, its research also increases, with the publication of several scientific contributions from Brazilian researchers in high-impact journals. Therefore, this study aimed at providing a comprehensive review on the applicability of CPET to different clinical situations, in addition to serving as a practical guide for the interpretation of that test

Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial

Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

P. 341-342,Mai-Jun.Em regiões endêmicas, a esquistossomose mansônica é responsável por uma alta taxa de morbimortalidade por doenças associadas à infestação do sistema hepático. O acometimento genital pela schistosomiasis mansoni é raro. Nós relatamos o primeiro caso de esquistossomose mansônica em vesícula seminal diagnosticado, incidentalmente, pelo exame histopatológico da próstata e vesículas seminais removidos cirurgicamente.Uberab

Arq Neuropsiquiatr

p.461-462São Paul

Arq Neuropsiquiatr

p.804-806Objective: To verify the prevalence of acute hyperglycemia in children with head trauma stratified by the Glasgow coma scale (GCS). Method: A prospective cross-sectional study carried out with information from medical records of pediatric patients presenting with head injury in the emergency room of a referral emergency hospital during a one year period. We considered the cut-off value of 150 mg/dL to define hyperglycemia. Results: A total of 340 children were included and 60 (17.6%) had admission hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia was present in 9% of mild head trauma cases; 30.4% of those with moderate head trauma and 49% of severe head trauma. We observed that among children with higher blood glucose levels, 85% had abnormal findings on cranial computed tomography scans. Conclusion: Hyperglycemia was more prevalent in patients with severe head trauma (GCS ≤8), regardless if they had or not multiple traumas and in children with abnormal findings on head computed tomography scans.São Paul

BRS 183 Soybean

ABSTRACT BRS 183 is an early maturing soybean cultivar developed by Embrapa Soybean for sowing in Parana State. It flowers and reaches maturity 53 and 118 days after germination and yields 3,038 kg/ha. BRS 183 is resistant to stem canker, frog-eye leaf spot, bacterial pustule and moderately resistant to powdery mildew