Emotional design: the development of a process to envision emotion-centric new product ideas

There is ample evidence, in many sectors, of the crucial importance of the emotional experiences in the interaction between users and products. Generating products with richer and significant emotional features is a complex challenge. In order to better face this challenge, professionals responsible for designing and developing new products could be facilitated with techniques and tools to understand emotions and to convey specific emotions in the new products. This paper presents the development of a process to support product design teams to envision emotion-focused new product ideas - Emotion-Driven Innovation (E-DI). We have adopted the process research methodology proposed by Platts, which encompasses four main steps: 1) state-of-the-art review, 2) process creation, 3) process development, and 4) process validation. This paper presents the results of the three first steps. The state-of-the-art literature review has been the foundation of the process creation step, which resulted in a three-phase workshop-based process: Emotion Knowledge Acquisition, Emotion Goal Definition, and Idea Generation. In the third step of the research methodology, the feasibility, usability, and utility have been tested through four studies which have involved master design students from Portugal and Italy. The results of these four tests show that Emotion-Driven Innovation process supports designers 1) to identify the occurrence of emotions in certain category of products present in the market, 2) to apply this information to make strategic decisions when defining the emotional intentions for the new product, and 3) to focus their creative thinking to develop strong and meaningful emotion-centric ideas

A language for dealing with emotions in product innovation: a proposal

The knowledge of emotions is essential in all designs created for the customer (e.g. product design, service design, graphic design, food design). The complexity of designing a product-service system to provoke intended emotions involves the need to formulate a shareable, natural, and unambiguous language has emerged. This paper presents a language proposal to discuss emotions in product innovation, which is composed of three key concepts: the human-product emotional interactions, a framework of positive emotions and the emotional-jobs-to-be-done by a product. An exploratory survey with an international community of designers has been implemented in order to review the acceptance and understanding of this framework; the results of the exploratory survey have been the basis of the final refinement of the proposed language, which consists of 1) three categories of human-product emotional interaction, 2) 19 positive emotion types, and 3) 19 emotional jobs-to-done

Tilting mechanisms in domino faults of the Sierra de San Miguelito, central Mexico

A system of normal faults with similar strike that bound rotated blocks in the Sierra de San Miguelito, central Mexico, was studied to determine the genesis of rotation and to estimate the extensional strain. We show that rigid-body rotation was not the main deformation mechanism of the domino faults in this region. We propose vertical or inclined shear accommodated by slip on minor faults as the mechanism for strain in the blocks. In order to test quantitatively the amount of strain, we calculated the extension assuming vertical shear obtaining ca. ev ~0.20. This value is in good agreement with extensions previously reported for the Mesa Central of México. The bed extension required in this model reaches ca. 33% of the total horizontal extension (i. e. ebed =0.34 ev). Assuming self-similar geometry for fault displacements, it is shown that bed strain required in shear models can be liberated by the small faults. If the strain is calculated using the rigid-body rotation model, the lengthening is underestimated by up to 9%. This case study shows that shear models could be applied in volcanic zones

Continuous Infusion of Pantoprazole with Octreotide Does Not Improve Management of Variceal Hemorrhage

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90065/1/phco.29.3.248.pd

Origin of superimposed and curved slickenlines in San Miguelito range, Central México

Interactions between intersecting faults cause local perturbations of the stress field in the vicinity of their intersections. Fault intersections are places of stress accumulation, stress relief and refraction of the stress trajectories; the slip vectors near these intersections are deviated from the maximum shear stress resolved by the far-field stress. In an intersecting fault system, superimposed, arc-shaped and zigzag slickenlines can be formed due to interaction between intersecting faults. We propose some mechanisms in which it is possible to recognize that the superimposed and curved slickenlines are produced from curvilinear translational fault motion. The geometrical models presented in this contribution are consistent with the slickenlines distribution observed in the vicinity of intersection lines, measured in the San Miguelito range, Mesa Central, México. Two tectonic phases have been inferred from our slip vector models near the intersection lines, which is consistent with observations of previously published work

Origin of superimposed and curved slickenlines in San Miguelito range, Central México

Interactions between intersecting faults cause local perturbations of the stress field in the vicinity of their intersections. Fault intersections are places of stress accumulation, stress relief and refraction of the stress trajectories; the slip vectors near these intersections are deviated from the maximum shear stress resolved by the far-field stress. In an intersecting fault system, superimposed, arc-shaped and zigzag slickenlines can be formed due to interaction between intersecting faults. We propose some mechanisms in which it is possible to recognize that the superimposed and curved slickenlines are produced from curvilinear translational fault motion. The geometrical models presented in this contribution are consistent with the slickenlines distribution observed in the vicinity of intersection lines, measured in the San Miguelito range, Mesa Central, México. Two tectonic phases have been inferred from our slip vector models near the intersection lines, which is consistent with observations of previously published work

Scenarios of land use change and impacts on ecosystem services in the Brazilian Amazon.

Large-scale and high-intensity land use changes (LUC) are intrinsically related to the loss of biodiversity, and decreased integrity of natural systems that help maintain ecosystem services (ES). Landscape-scale patterns of land use (LU) can be correlated with different levels of ecosystem integrity (EI) and consequently with the potential ES provision. Once the relations between LU patterns and EI/ES are established it is possible to predict future environmental services provision considering different LUC scenarios. The objective of this work is to present a methodological approach and preliminary results of the prediction of future impacts on ES based on LUC scenarios for the Brazilian Amazon. The methodological approach used was to integrate: (i) Ecosystem Integrity Spatial Model (EISM) based on Bayesian probabilistic distribution of evidences using a Remote Sensing dataset. The validation was based on knowledge and field controls; (ii) Correlation of EISM and ES Models: (iia) Evapotranspiration Fluxes (ET) - MODIS/MOD16; (iib) Aboveground Carbon Stocks Spatial Model (WHRC); and (iii) Amazon legal region LUC-SSPs scenarios (Adapted from the IPCC-SSPs) - Clue Model (1 km2 pixel; projected for 2050). The preliminary results were promising and showed the decrease of ecosystem integrity related with each LUC scenario considered, allowing estimates of the impacts on the ecosystem services studied: water fluxes (ET) and aboveground carbon stocks. This work is part of ROBIN Project (EU- FP7Edict.ENV.2011.2.1.4-1)

Origin of superimposed and curved slickenlines in San Miguelito range, Central México

Interactions between intersecting faults cause local perturbations of the stress field in the vicinity of their intersections. Fault intersections are places of stress accumulation, stress relief and refraction of the stress trajectories; the slip vectors near these intersections are deviated from the maximum shear stress resolved by the far-field stress. In an intersecting fault system, superimposed, arc-shaped and zigzag slickenlines can be formed due to interaction between intersecting faults. We propose some mechanisms in which it is possible to recognize that the superimposed and curved slickenlines are produced from curvilinear translational fault motion. The geometrical models presented in this contribution are consistent with the slickenlines distribution observed in the vicinity of intersection lines, measured in the San Miguelito range, Mesa Central, México. Two tectonic phases have been inferred from our slip vector models near the intersection lines, which is consistent with observations of previously published work

Reversible Actuation via Photoisomerization-Induced Melting of a Semicrystalline Poly(Azobenzene)

Photoisomerization of azobenzene in polymer matrices is a powerful method to convert photon energy into mechanical work. While most previous studies have focused on incorporating azobenzene within amorphous or liquid crystalline materials, the limited extents of molecular ordering and correspondingly modest enthalpy changes upon switching in such systems has limited the achievable energy densities. In this work, we introduce a semicrystalline main-chain poly(azobenzene), where photoisomerization is capable of reversibly triggering melting and recrystallization under essentially isothermal conditions. These materials can be drawn into aligned fibers, yielding optically driven two-way shape memory actuators capable of reversible bending