A Phenomenological Pilot Study on the Opinions of Nursing Students Related to Nursing History Education

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, ülkemizde hemşirelik okullarında hemşirelik tarihi dersinin ulusal standardizasyonunu sağlamaya yardımcı olabilecek ulusal bir çalışmanın ön çalışmasını yapabilmektir. Bu bağlamda da araştırmada hemşirelik bölümü birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin hemşirelik tarihi eğitimine ilişkin görüşleri incelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma nitel araştırmalardan fenomenolojik araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış olup, odak grup görüşmesi yapılmıştır. Araştırma evrenini, bir üniversitenin hemşirelik bölümü birinci sınıfında öğrenim gören öğrenciler oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden öğrencilerden amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden olan benzeşik (homojen) örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiş 7 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın gerçekleştirilmesi için gerekli izinler alınmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında “Öğrenci Tanıtım Formu” ve “Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamına alınan öğrencilerin 4’ü kız, 3’ü erkektir ve yaş ortalaması 19,42±1,65 yıl’dır. Araştırma verilerinin içerik analizi sonucunda mevcut hemşirelik tarihi öğretimine ilişkin “Mesleki Kimlik Gelişimine Katkı”, “Eğitim-Öğretim Süresi”, “Eğitimin İçeriği”, “Eğitim-Öğretim Yöntemi” olmak üzere 4 tema belirlenmiştir. Bu temalarla bağlantılı olarak da 9 tane alt tema belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışma sonuçlarının hemşirelik eğitiminde hemşirelik tarihi eğitiminin ulusal boyutta başka çalışma sonuçlarının şekillendirilmesinde bir dayanak olacağı inancındayız. Abstract Objective: The aim of this research is to be able to carry out a pilot study of a national study which can help to ensure national standardization of nursing history course in nursing schools in our country.In this context, the opinions of the first year students of the nursing department about the education of nursing history were examined in the research. Material and Method: The research was carried out by qualitative research using phenomenological research method, focus group research design. The research population consisted of students who were studying in the first year of the nursing department of a university.The sample of the study consisted of students who were determined using the homogeneous sampling method from the students who agreed to participate in the research. Permission has been obtained for the realization of the study. “Student Description Form” and “Semi-structured Interview Form” were used to collect research data. Results: Among the students included in the scope of the research, 4 are female, 3 are male and 19.42±1.65 year age average. As a result of the content analysis of the research data, 4 themes were defined as “Contribution to Professional Identity Development”, “Duration of Education”, “Content of the Education”, “Teaching Method” of current nursing history course. Nine sub-themes have been identified in connection with these themes. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that nursing education education in nursing education will be a basis for shaping other study results at national level

Fungal diversity and ex vitro symbiotic germination of Serapias vomeracea (Orchidaceae)

Conservation of orchids can be possible with effective seed germination and seedling growth methods. In this context, ex vitro symbiotic seed germination and seedling growth of orchid seeds may be convenient and advantageous. In this study, both the diversity of the root endophytic fungi in Serapias vomeracea (Burm.f.) Briq. and the ex vitro effects of these fungi on seed germination, seedling development and tuber formation were revealed. The fungi were isolated monthly for two years from S. vomeracea roots and the isolates were identified based on morphological characters and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences. All of the Rhizoctonia-like isolates that joined the mycorrhizal association were closely related to Tulasnella calospora (thirty isolates). Non-Rhizoctonia isolates are closely related to Fusarium tricinctum (two isolates), Aspergillus spelaeus (one isolate) and Talaromyces pinophilus (Pezizales) (one isolate). The viability rate of the seeds was 90.32%. The seed packs were placed in soils containing fungus and the germination process was followed. All isolates associated with Tulasnella calospora promoted germination and seedling development. Isolate Svl 21 (Tulasnella sp.) was found to have the highest germination rate (98%) but isolate Svl 4 developed seedlings with advanced leaves (stage 4 (S4): seedlings with advanced leaves and/or rooted, 13.67%). All seedlings at S4 were transferred to the natural environment; the first tubers were observed seven months after. In this study, for the first time, a tuberous European orchid, S. vomeracea developed from seed to adult plant in a natural environment

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric emergency admissions and tendency towards prescribing antibiotics

Aim: To determine the changes in the diagnoses of patients admitted to pediatric emergency department due to infection and the change in the tendency towards prescribing antibiotics during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Age, gender and the diagnoses of and the antibiotics prescribed for patients under the age of 18 who admitted to the pediatric emergency department on two separate days before and during the pandemic period were compared retrospectively. Results: It was found that the admissions to the pediatric emergency department decreased by 83% during the pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period. Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) was diagnosed in 61.6% of the patients during the pre-pandemic period compared to 32.6% of the patients during the pandemic periods, indicating a statistically significant difference between the groups (p<0.001). The percentage of patients diagnosed with paranasal infection in the pandemic period was also significantly lower than in the pre-pandemic period. On the other hand, the percentages of patients diagnosed with urinary infection and diagnoses other than infection in the pandemic period were significantly higher than in the pre-pandemic period. Additionally, the percentage of patients who were prescribed amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (CAM) was significantly higher, whereas the percentage of patients who were prescribed Clarithromycin was significantly lower in the pandemic period than in the pre-pandemic period. Furthermore, it was determined that Oseltamivir was not prescribed during the pandemic period. Conclusions: Quarantines imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the use of masks have reduced the incidence of upper and lower respiratory tract infections. In parallel, it was determined that the percentage of patients presented to the pediatric emergency department with the diagnosis of non-infectious diagnoses has increased. This result has been attributed to the use of masks and the attention paid to the hygiene, which caused a decrease in the incidence of infectious diseases, influenza in particular

Live Cell Imaging of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells on Nano-pitted and Polished Titanium Surfaces: A Micro-Incubator in vitro Approach

Current orthopedic implants are not conducive for optimal integration of the biomaterial with newly-formed tissue (osseointegration) inside a patient’s body. In this study, medical-rade Ti-6Al-4V was used as a substrate due to its biocompatibility and ability to facilitate cellular adhesion and proliferation. Live cell imaging was conducted on bone marrow stromal cells, genetically modified to express the green fluorescent protein (GFP), from the 24-96 hours growth period, with the first 24 hours of growth being held inside a lab-scale incubator. Periodic images were recorded on nanopitted anodized and polished Ti-6Al-4V substrates to study how substratestiffness influences adhesion and proliferation. Collected images were analyzed for mitosis, adhesion, and filopodia-stretchability using ImageJ, an image processing program. Images were enhanced in order to perform cell counts at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours of growth. Continuous recordings were produced to account for the number of mitosis occurrences and cellular migration on each of the substrates. Based on the conducted experiments, it appears that polished Ti-6Al-4V has a higher cell adherence than “nanopitted” anodized surface and an improved rate of proliferation which may be because the cells once adhered on the nano-pitted surface have less ability to detach in-order to undergo mitosis.https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/u_poster_2014/1004/thumbnail.jp

Exposure to Perchlorate in Lactating Women and Its Associations With Newborn Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

Background: Perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate can block iodide transport at the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) and this can subsequently lead to decreased thyroid hormone production and hypothyroidism. NIS inhibitor exposure has been shown to reduce iodide uptake and thyroid hormone levels; therefore we hypothesized that maternal NIS inhibitor exposure will influence both maternal and newborn thyroid function.Methods: Spot urine samples were collected from 185 lactating mothers and evaluated for perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate concentrations. Blood and colostrum samples were collected from the same participants in the first 48 h after delivery. Thyroid hormones and thyroid-related antibodies (TSH, fT3, fT4, anti-TPO, anti-Tg) were analyzed in maternal blood and perchlorate was analyzed in colostrum. Also, spot blood samples were collected from newborns (n = 185) between 48 and 72 postpartum hours for TSH measurement. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the effect of NIS inhibitors on thyroid hormone levels of lactating mothers and their newborns in their first 48 postpartum hours.Results: The medians of maternal urinary perchlorate (4.00 μg/g creatinine), maternal urinary thiocyanate (403 μg/g creatinine), and maternal urinary nitrate (49,117 μg/g creatinine) were determined. Higher concentrations of all three urinary NIS inhibitors (μg/g creatinine) at their 75th percentile levels were significantly correlated with newborn TSH (r = 0.21, p < 0.001). Median colostrum perchlorate level concentration of all 185 participants was 2.30 μg/L. Colostrum perchlorate was not significantly correlated with newborn TSH (p > 0.05); however, there was a significant correlation between colostrum perchlorate level and maternal TSH (r = 0.21, p < 0.01). Similarly, there was a significant positive association between colostrum perchlorate and maternal urinary creatinine adjusted perchlorate (r = 0.32, p < 0.001).Conclusion: NIS inhibitors are ubiquitous in lactating women in Turkey and are associated with increased TSH levels in newborns, thus signifying for the first time that co-exposure to maternal NIS inhibitors can have a negative effect on the newborn thyroid function

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020

Hemşirelikte Psikomotor Beceri Eğitiminde Video Destekli Öğretim ve OSCE Uygulaması: Bir Deneyim Paylaşımı = Video-Based Teaching and OSCE Implementation in Nursing Psychomotor Skills Education: Sharing of an Experience

Hemşirelik eğitiminde psikomotor beceri eğitiminin iyi yapılandırılması oldukça önemlidir. Bu bağlamda, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik bölümünde psikomotor beceri eğitiminin klasik yöntemlerin yanı sıra yenilikçi bir yaklaşım olan video destekli öğretim ile gerçekleştirilmesine karar verilmiştir. Beceri eğitimini gerçekleştiren Hemşirelik Esasları Anabilim Dalı öğretim elemanları tüm becerilere ait video çekimleri yapmıştır. Her bir beceriye ait teorik anlatımların hemen ardından videolar öğrencilere ulaştırılmış ve kendilerine bir ders materyali olarak verilmiştir. Böylece, öğrencilerin beceriyi laboratuvar ortamından önce tüm işlem adımları doğrultusunda görmeleri sağlanmıştır. Beceri eğitiminin verilişi kadar değerlendirilmesinin de oldukça önemli olduğundan yola çıkılarak ve değerlendirmede öğrenciler arasında standardizasyonu, objektifliği sağlamak amacı ile Objektif Yapılandırılmış Klinik Sınav uygulanmıştır. Psikomotor becerinin hem öğretimde hem de değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan bu yöntemlerin hemşirelik eğitimine katkıları olumlu yönde olmuştur. Better structuring of psychomotor skills training in nursing education is of great importance. Therefore, innovative approach of video-assisted instruction in addition to conventional methods in psychomotor skills training was decided to be applied in the Department of Nursing of Health Sciences Faculty of Izmir Kâtip Celebi University. The members of the Department of Fundamentals of Nursing who perform skills training made video recordings related to all skills. After theoretical explanations of each skill, related videos were immediately presented to the students and used as course material. Thus, all steps in the process were able to be observed by the students before their application in the laboratory. Considering that evaluation of skills is as important as training, it was decided to implement the Objective Structured Clinical Examination in order to achieve standardization and objectivity in the evaluation of the students. These methods, used both in teaching and evaluation of psychomotor skills, have made a positive contribution to nursing education

Penile size in term newborn infants

The objective of this study was to establish standard penile size in healthy full-term Turkish newborns and to evaluate the relation between penile and other anthropometric measures. For this prospective study, stretched penile length (SPL) and penile diameter (PD) of live-borns delivered in our hospital between September 2007-December 2008 were measured, and their birthweight, length and head circumference were recorded. Penile versus other anthropometric correlations were determined by Pearson analyses, followed by linear regression. In 1217 full-term subjects, mean SPL was 3.16 +/- 0.39 cm (+/- 2.5 SD=2.19-4.14 cm), and mean PD was 1.21 +/- 0.11 cm (+/- 2.5 SD=0.93-1.49 cm). Linear regression analysis showed a strong correlation of SPL (p=0.0001) to height, and PD to height (p=0.0001) and birthweight (p=0.002). Formulas were calculated for predicted individual values for PL and PD of newborns. In conclusion, there is a correlation between neonatal anthropometric measurements and penile anthropometry. Mean anthropometric differences of various ethnicities may account for the differences in mean SPL and PD among various ethnic populations