The Effects of Corticosteroid on Tissue Lactoferrin in Patients with Nasal Polyposis

Background: Although, lactoferrin (LF) is the second most important antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory peptide after lysozyme in upper respiratory tract, little is known about its role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Recent studies pronounced that LF levels were significantly reduced in CRS with nasal polyposis (NP) compared with other subgroups. However, effects of systemic corticosteroid (CS) treatment, which is currently the main NP treatment modality, and subsequent surgical intervention on LF levels are still not known. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of CS treatment and surgical intervention on LF levels in patients with NP

Identification and characterization of a novel Robigovirus species from sweet cherry in turkey

High throughput sequencing of total RNA isolated from symptomatic leaves of a sweet cherry tree (Prunus avium cv. 0900 Ziraat) from Turkey identified a new member of the genus Robigovirus designated cherry virus Turkey (CVTR). The presence of the virus was confirmed by electron microscopy and overlapping RT-PCR for sequencing its whole-genome. The virus has a ssRNA genome of 8464 nucleotides which encodes five open reading frames (ORFs) and comprises two non-coding regions, 5' UTR and 3' UTR of 97 and 296 nt, respectively. Compared to the five most closely related robigoviruses, RdRp, TGB1, TGB2, TGB3 and CP share amino acid identities ranging from 43–53%, 44–60%, 39–43%, 38–44% and 45–50%, respectively. Unlike the four cherry robigoviruses, CVTR lacks ORFs 2a and 5a. Its genome organization is therefore more similar to African oil palm ringspot virus (AOPRV). Using specific primers, the presence of CVTR was confirmed in 15 sweet cherries and two sour cherries out of 156 tested samples collected from three regions in Turkey. Among them, five samples were showing slight chlorotic symptoms on the leaves. It seems that CVTR infects cherry trees with or without eliciting obvious symptoms, but these data should be confirmed by bioassays in woody and possible herbaceous hosts in future studies. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RSFunding: This work was supported by TUBITAK-TOVAG grant number 213O042, the Slovenian Research Agency grant P4-0072 and by the COST Action grant number FA1407 (DIVAS)

Identification and Characterization of a Novel <i>Robigovirus</i> Species from Sweet Cherry in Turkey

High throughput sequencing of total RNA isolated from symptomatic leaves of a sweet cherry tree (Prunus avium cv. 0900 Ziraat) from Turkey identified a new member of the genus Robigovirus designated cherry virus Turkey (CVTR). The presence of the virus was confirmed by electron microscopy and overlapping RT-PCR for sequencing its whole-genome. The virus has a ssRNA genome of 8464 nucleotides which encodes five open reading frames (ORFs) and comprises two non-coding regions, 5&#8242; UTR and 3&#8242; UTR of 97 and 296 nt, respectively. Compared to the five most closely related robigoviruses, RdRp, TGB1, TGB2, TGB3 and CP share amino acid identities ranging from 43&#8722;53%, 44&#8722;60%, 39&#8722;43%, 38&#8722;44% and 45&#8722;50%, respectively. Unlike the four cherry robigoviruses, CVTR lacks ORFs 2a and 5a. Its genome organization is therefore more similar to African oil palm ringspot virus (AOPRV). Using specific primers, the presence of CVTR was confirmed in 15 sweet cherries and two sour cherries out of 156 tested samples collected from three regions in Turkey. Among them, five samples were showing slight chlorotic symptoms on the leaves. It seems that CVTR infects cherry trees with or without eliciting obvious symptoms, but these data should be confirmed by bioassays in woody and possible herbaceous hosts in future studies