90 research outputs found

    Effect of Direct Laser Deposition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 316L Stainless Steel

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    Direct laser deposition (DLD) is a modern prototyping manufacturing technology, which can directly build full-density and high-performance complex metal parts This paper presents an investigation of the influence different scanning strategy on microstructure and mechanical properties of DLD 316L stainless steel sample. The results showed that formation of fine equiaxed austenitic structure with average grain size of the dendritic cells in 1.2-1.7 μm. Inter-track idle time has directly influence on cooling rate, grain size and mechanical properties. It was shown that the decreasing of inter-track idle time from 4.37 to 0.75 s decreases the ultimate tensile strength from 729 to 686 MPa. For obtaining high mechanical properties of samples or recovering surfaces it is necessary to choose scanning strategy along the largest dimension of the detail.     Keywords: X-ray analysis; Electron microscopy; Stress/Strain measurements; Iron alloys; Laser/Powder methods

    Effect of 1.9-MeV electron irradiation on characteristics of reactively-pressed TiB₂–TiС ceramic composites

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    Considered in this paper is the effect of electron irradiation on the phasestructural state and micromechanical characteristics of reactively- and nonreactivelypressed TiB₂–TiС composite ceramic materials. It is shown that reactively-pressed specimens after irradiation demonstrate a growing tendency to phase formation, which considerably affects proceeding of relaxation processes in them. This special feature of reactively-pressed ceramics can improve radiation resistance of construction material

    Microwave fluctuation reflectometry (a theoretical view)

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    Dilute Bose gas in two dimensions: Density expansions and the Gross-Pitaevskii equation

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    A dilute two-dimensional (2D) Bose gas at zero temperature is studied by the method developed earlier by the authors. Low density expansions are derived for the chemical potential, ground state energy, kinetic and interaction energies. The expansion parameter is found to be a dimensionless in-medium scattering amplitude u obeying the equation 1/u+\ln u=-\ln(na^2\pi)-2\gamma, where na^2 and \gamma are the gas parameter and the Euler constant, respectively. It is shown that the ground state energy is mostly kinetic in the low density limit; this result does not depend on a specific form of the pairwise interaction potential, contrary to 3D case. A new form of 2D Gross-Pitaevskii equation is proposed within our scheme.Comment: 4 pages, REVTeX, no figure

    Low Threshold Parametric Decay Instabilities in ECRH experiments at toroidal devices

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    The experimental conditions leading to substantial reduction of backscattering decay instability threshold in ECRH experiments in toroidal devices are analyzed. It is shown that drastic decrease of threshold is provided by non monotonic behaviour of plasma density, which is often observed due to so-called density-pump-out effect or presence of magnetic islands, and by poloidal magnetic field inhomogeniety making possible localization of ion Bernstein decay waves. The corresponding ion Bernstein wave gain and the parametric decay instability pump power threshold is calculated. The possible experimental consequences of easy backscattering decay instability excitation are discussed.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Nuclear Fusio

    Possible reasons for cracking of composite scintillators after irradiation in an electron accelerator at a high dose rate

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    Possible reasons for cracking of composite scintillators after irradiation in an electron accelerator at a high dose rate are proposed. The main causes of cracking of composite scintillators, such as ionizing radiation and thermal expansion, are considered. Ionizing radiation can affect the polymer part of the composite scintillator, while thermal expansion mainly affects the crystal grains. A possible mechanism of cracking the composite scintillator during high dose rate irradiation is described.Запропоновано можливі причини розтріскування композиційних сцинтиляторів після опромінення в прискорювачі електронів із великим темпом опромінення. Розглянуто основні причини розтріскування композиційних сцинтиляторів, такі як іонізуюче випромінювання та теплове розширення. Іонізуюче випромінювання може впливати на полімерну частину композиційного сцинтилятору, тоді як теплове розширення в основному впливає на кристалічні гранули. Описано можливий механізм розтріскування композиційного сцинтилятору під час опромінення із великим темпом

    Influence of radiation conditions on cracking of composite scintillators

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    The article analyzes two main hypotheses describing the cracking of a composite scintillator in the irradiation zone. This is the "temperature" and "radiation-chemical" hypothesis of cracking. The analysis is based on experimental data that we obtained by irradiating scintillators and the results of model chemical experiments.Аналізуються дві основні гіпотези, що описують розтріскування композиційних сцинтиляторів у зоні опромінення. Це «температурні» і «радіаційно-хімічні» можливі причини розтріскування. Аналіз заснований на експериментальних даних, отриманих нами при опроміненні сцинтиляторів, і результатах модельних хімічних експериментів.Анализируются две основные гипотезы, описывающие растрескивание композиционного сцинтиллятора в зоне облучения. Это «температурные» и «радиационно-химические» возможные причины растрескивания. Анализ основан на экспериментальных данных, полученных нами при облучении сцинтилляторов, и результатах модельных химических экспериментов

    Scalar field in cosmology: Potential for isotropization and inflation

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    The important role of scalar field in cosmology was noticed by a number of authors. Due to the fact that the scalar field possesses zero spin, it was basically considered in isotropic cosmological models. If considered in an anisotropic model, the linear scalar field does not lead to isotropization of expansion process. One needs to introduce scalar field with nonlinear potential for the isotropization process to take place. In this paper the general form of scalar field potentials leading to the asymptotic isotropization in case of Bianchi type-I cosmological model, and inflationary regime in case of isotropic space-time is obtained. In doing so we solved both direct and inverse problem, where by direct problem we mean to find metric functions and scalar field for the given potential, whereas, the inverse problem means to find the potential and scalar field for the given metric function. The scalar field potentials leading to the inflation and isotropization were found both for harmonic and proper synchronic time.Comment: 10 page

    Quasicondensate and superfluid fraction in the 2D charged-boson gas at finite temperature

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    The Bogoliubov - de Gennes equations are solved for the Coulomb Bose gas describing a fluid of charged bosons at finite temperature. The approach is applicable in the weak coupling regime and the extent of its quantitative usefulness is tested in the three-dimensional fluid, for which diffusion Monte Carlo data are available on the condensate fraction at zero temperature. The one-body density matrix is then evaluated by the same approach for the two-dimensional fluid with e^2/r interactions, to demonstrate the presence of a quasi-condensate from its power-law decay with increasing distance and to evaluate the superfluid fraction as a function of temperature at weak coupling.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure

    Radiation resistance of composite scintillators

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    Radiation resistance of composite scintillators containing grains of organic or inorganic single crystals has been analysed. The analysis is based on the study of composite scintillators containing grains Gd₂SiO₅:Ce (GSO:Ce), Gd₂Si₂O₇:Ce(GPS:Ce), Al₂O₃:Ti, Y₂SiO₅:Ce (YSO:Ce) or Y₃Al₅O₁₂:Ce (YAG:Ce) . This paper presents the results of research and suggests possible mechanisms as well as processes of radiation changes that occur in scintillators due to irradiation. It also discusses how these effects can affect the scintillation characteristics of composite scintillators exposed to radiation.Проаналізовано радіаційну стійкість композиційних сцинтиляторів, на основі гранул органічних та неорганічних монокристалів. Аналіз ґрунтується на вивченні композиційних сцинтиляторів, що містять гранули Gd₂SiO₅:Ce (GSO:Ce), Gd₂Si₂O₇:Ce(GPS:Ce), Al₂O₃:Ti, Y₂SiO₅:Ce (YSO:Ce) або Y₃Al₅O₁₂:Ce (YAG:Ce). Представлені результати досліджень та запропоновано можливі механізми та процеси радіаційних змін, що виникають у сцинтилляторах під дією іонізуючого опромінення. Також представлено, як ці ефекти впливають на радіаційну стійкість композиційних сцинтиляторів.Проанализирована радиационная стойкость композиционных сцинтилляторов, содержащих гранулы органических и неорганических монокристаллов. Анализ основан на изучении композиционных сцинтилляторов, содержащих гранулы Gd₂SiO₅:Ce (GSO:Ce), Gd₂Si₂O₇:Ce(GPS:Ce), Al₂O₃:Ti, Y₂SiO₅:Ce (YSO:Ce) або Y₃Al₅O₁₂:Ce (YAG:Ce). Представлены результаты исследований и предлагаются возможные механизмы и процессы радиационных изменений, происходящих в сцинтилляторах под действием ионизирующего облучения. Также представлено, как эти эффекты влияют на радиационную стойкость композиционных сцинтилляторов
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