Inside and foreign political factors of the international legal registration of the state border of the Republic of Belarus with Ukraine in historical retrospective (1992–2010)

The article reveals little-known historical aspects of the process of international legal registration of the State border of the Republic of Belarus with Ukraine. The stages of establishing the state border on the Belarusian-Ukrainian section are highlighted, substantiated and characterized, as well as internal and foreign policy factors that influenced this process are analyzed. The principled position of the Belarusian side on the preservation of the primordially Belarusian territories is shown. For the first time, the author analyzes the preparatory stage that accompanied the beginning of the negotiation process on the delimitation of the state border. On the basis of new archival documents, the problem of the long-term ratification of the Treaty on the State Border by the Belarusian side is revealed.В статье раскрываются малоизвестные исторические аспекты процесса международно-правового оформления Государственной границы Республики Беларусь с Украиной. Выделены, обоснованы и охарактеризованы этапы установления государственной границы на белорусско-украинском участке, а также проанализированы внутри- и внешнеполитические факторы, которые оказывали влияние на этот процесс. Показана принципиальная позиция белорусской стороны по сохранению исконно белорусских территорий. Впервые проанализирован подготовительный этап, сопутствовавший началу переговорного процесса по делимитации государственной границы. На основании новых архивных документов раскрывается проблема долгой ратификации белорусской стороной Договора о государственной границе

Neutron-rich nuclei produced at zero degrees in damped collisions induced by a beam of 18O on a 238U target

Cross sections and corresponding momentum distributions have been measured for the first time at zero degrees for the exotic nuclei obtained from a beam of 18O at 8.5 MeV/A impinging on a 1 mg/cm2 238U target. Sizable cross sections were found for the production of exotic species arising from the neutron transfer and proton removal from the projectile. Comparisons of experimental results with calculations based on deep-inelastic reaction models, taking into account the particle evaporation process, indicate that zero degree is a scattering angle at which the differential reaction cross section for production of exotic nuclei is at its maximum. This result is important in view of the new generation of zero degrees spectrometers under construction, such as the S3 separator at GANIL, for example

Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level

Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale. Objectives: To report the retinoblastoma stage at diagnosis in patients across the world during a single year, to investigate associations between clinical variables and national income level, and to investigate risk factors for advanced disease at diagnosis. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 278 retinoblastoma treatment centers were recruited from June 2017 through December 2018 to participate in a cross-sectional analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed in 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures: Age at presentation, proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, and tumor stage and metastasis. Results: The cohort included 4351 new patients from 153 countries; the median age at diagnosis was 30.5 (interquartile range, 18.3-45.9) months, and 1976 patients (45.4) were female. Most patients (n = 3685 84.7%) were from low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, the most common indication for referral was leukocoria (n = 2638 62.8%), followed by strabismus (n = 429 10.2%) and proptosis (n = 309 7.4%). Patients from high-income countries (HICs) were diagnosed at a median age of 14.1 months, with 656 of 666 (98.5%) patients having intraocular retinoblastoma and 2 (0.3%) having metastasis. Patients from low-income countries were diagnosed at a median age of 30.5 months, with 256 of 521 (49.1%) having extraocular retinoblastoma and 94 of 498 (18.9%) having metastasis. Lower national income level was associated with older presentation age, higher proportion of locally advanced disease and distant metastasis, and smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma. Advanced disease at diagnosis was more common in LMICs even after adjusting for age (odds ratio for low-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 17.92 95% CI, 12.94-24.80, and for lower-middle-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 5.74 95% CI, 4.30-7.68). Conclusions and Relevance: This study is estimated to have included more than half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017. Children from LMICs, where the main global retinoblastoma burden lies, presented at an older age with more advanced disease and demonstrated a smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, likely because many do not reach a childbearing age. Given that retinoblastoma is curable, these data are concerning and mandate intervention at national and international levels. Further studies are needed to investigate factors, other than age at presentation, that may be associated with advanced disease in LMICs. © 2020 American Medical Association. All rights reserved

CLINICAL SIGNS AND PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL PICTURE OF HYPOXIC INTRAVENTRICULAR HEMORRHAGE IN NEWBORNS

(Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. 2009;8(2):124-125)<br /

Neural Network Based Edge Detection In Two-Look And Dual-Polarization Radar Images

International audienc

Fluorescent gold nanoclusters stabilized on halloysite nanotubes: in vitro study on cytotoxicity

Fluorescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with an average diameter of 2.7 ± 1.0 nm stabilized with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid were supported on halloysite nanotubes modified with aminosilane. The cytotoxicity of the obtained fluorescent material was investigated in A549 human cells. The AuNCs stabilized on halloysite showed good uptake by the cells. The material did not cause a pronounced toxic effect and visible membrane damage within the 25–50 μg/mL concentration range. An increase in nanocomposite concentration to 100 μg/mL led to massive cell death via apoptosis. This concentration-dependent toxicity mechanism allows for using AuNCs stabilized on halloysite for halloysite visualization in biological objects, bioimaging, and cancer therapy