A classical model for the negative dc conductivity of ac-driven 2D electrons near the cyclotron resonance

A classical model for {\em dc} transport of two dimensional electrons in a perpendicular magnetic field and under strong irradiation is considered. We demonstrate that, near the cyclotron resonance condition, and for {\em linear} polarization of the {\em ac} field, a strong change of the diagonal component, $\sigma_d$, of the {\em dc} conductivity occurs in the presence of a {\em weak} nonparabolicity of the electron spectrum. Small change in the electron effective mass due to irradiation can lead to negative $\sigma_d$, while the Hall component of the {\em dc} conductivity remains practically unchanged. Within the model considered, the sign of $\sigma_d$ depends on the relative orientation of the {\em dc} and {\em ac} fields, the sign of the detuning of the {\em ac} frequency from the cyclotron resonance, and the sign of nonparabolic term in the energy spectrum.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur

DNA methylation-associated colonic mucosal immune and defense responses in treatment-naïve pediatric ulcerative colitis

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are emerging globally, indicating that environmental factors may be important in their pathogenesis. Colonic mucosal epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, can occur in response to the environment and have been implicated in IBD pathology. However, mucosal DNA methylation has not been examined in treatment-naïve patients. We studied DNA methylation in untreated, left sided colonic biopsy specimens using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array. We analyzed 22 control (C) patients, 15 untreated Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, and 9 untreated ulcerative colitis (UC) patients from two cohorts. Samples obtained at the time of clinical remission from two of the treatment-naïve UC patients were also included into the analysis. UC-specific gene expression was interrogated in a subset of adjacent samples (5 C and 5 UC) using the Affymetrix GeneChip PrimeView Human Gene Expression Arrays. Only treatment-naïve UC separated from control. One-hundred-and-twenty genes with significant expression change in UC (> 2-fold, P < 0.05) were associated with differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Epigenetically associated gene expression changes (including gene expression changes in the IFITM1, ITGB2, S100A9, SLPI, SAA1, and STAT3 genes) were linked to colonic mucosal immune and defense responses. These findings underscore the relationship between epigenetic changes and inflammation in pediatric treatment-naïve UC and may have potential etiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic relevance for IBD

Nucleon-Nucleon Scattering under Spin-Isospin Reversal in Large-N_c QCD

The spin-flavor structure of certain nucleon-nucleon scattering observables derived from the large N_c limit of QCD in the kinematical regime where time-dependent mean-field theory is valid is discussed. In previous work, this regime was taken to be where the external momentum was of order N_c which precluded the study of differential cross sections in elastic scattering. Here it is shown that the regime extends down to order N_c^{1/2} which includes the higher end of the elastic regime. The prediction is that in the large N_c limit, observables describable via mean-field theory are unchanged when the spin and isospin of either nucleon are both flipped. This prediction is tested for proton-proton and neutron-proton elastic scattering data and found to fail badly. We argue that this failure can be traced to a lack of a clear separation of scales between momentum of order N_c^{1/2} and N_c^1 when N_c is as small as three. The situation is compounded by an anomalously low particle production threshold due to approximate chiral symmetry.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur

Поднадкостничная имплантация на нижней челюсти

В статье описан метод субпериостальной имплантации. Данная методика является альтернативой в лечении пациентов с частичной и полной адентией. Разобраны показания, этапы лечения и возможные осложнения.В статье описан метод субпериостальной имплантации. Данная методика является альтернативой в лечении пациентов с частичной и полной адентией. Разобраны показания, этапы лечения и возможные осложнения

A 7/9 - Approximation Algorithm for the Maximum Traveling Salesman Problem

We give a 7/9 - Approximation Algorithm for the Maximum Traveling Salesman Problem.Comment: 6 figure

Microscopic nonequilibrium theory of double-barrier Josephson junctions

We study nonequilibrium charge transport in a double-barrier Josephson junction, including nonstationary phenomena, using the time-dependent quasiclassical Keldysh Green's function formalism. We supplement the kinetic equations by appropriate time-dependent boundary conditions and solve the time-dependent problem in a number of regimes. From the solutions, current-voltage characteristics are derived. It is understood why the quasiparticle current can show excess current as well as deficit current and how the subgap conductance behaves as function of junction parameters. A time-dependent nonequilibrium contribution to the distribution function is found to cause a non-zero averaged supercurrent even in the presence of an applied voltage. Energy relaxation due to inelastic scattering in the interlayer has a prominent role in determining the transport properties of double-barrier junctions. Actual inelastic scattering parameters are derived from experiments. It is shown as an application of the microscopic model, how the nature of the intrinsic shunt in double-barrier junctions can be explained in terms of energy relaxation and the opening of Andreev channels.Comment: Accepted for Phys. Rev.

Hadronic physics with domain-wall valence and improved staggered sea quarks

With the advent of chiral fermion formulations, the simulation of light valence quarks has finally become realistic for numerical simulations of lattice QCD. The simulation of light dynamical quarks, however, remains one of the major challenges and is still an obstacle to realistic simulations. We attempt to meet this challenge using a hybrid combination of Asqtad sea quarks and domain-wall valence quarks. Initial results for the proton form factor and the nucleon axial coupling are presented.Comment: Two Talks presented at Lattice2004(spectrum), LaTex, 6 pages, 6 eps figure

Новый подход в соединении абатмента и имплантата, особенности ортопедического этапа при использовании имплантационной системы Leone exacone

The article is described to advantages and disadvantages of cone- or screw-retained abutments. A new method of abutment fixation to implant is introduced. Due to self-locking properties of the Morse cone and to the internal hexagon's resistance to torsion movements, quality of treatment improves.В статье рассмотрены основные варианты соединения абатмента и имплантата, их недостатки и преимущества. Описана новая методика фиксации абатмента за счет самоблокирующего конуса Морзе с внутренним шестигранником

A classification of smooth embeddings of 3-manifolds in 6-space

We work in the smooth category. If there are knotted embeddings S^n\to R^m, which often happens for 2m<3n+4, then no concrete complete description of embeddings of n-manifolds into R^m up to isotopy was known, except for disjoint unions of spheres. Let N be a closed connected orientable 3-manifold. Our main result is the following description of the set Emb^6(N) of embeddings N\to R^6 up to isotopy. The Whitney invariant W : Emb^6(N) \to H_1(N;Z) is surjective. For each u \in H_1(N;Z) the Kreck invariant \eta_u : W^{-1}u \to Z_{d(u)} is bijective, where d(u) is the divisibility of the projection of u to the free part of H_1(N;Z). The group Emb^6(S^3) is isomorphic to Z (Haefliger). This group acts on Emb^6(N) by embedded connected sum. It was proved that the orbit space of this action maps under W bijectively to H_1(N;Z) (by Vrabec and Haefliger's smoothing theory). The new part of our classification result is determination of the orbits of the action. E. g. for N=RP^3 the action is free, while for N=S^1\times S^2 we construct explicitly an embedding f : N \to R^6 such that for each knot l:S^3\to R^6 the embedding f#l is isotopic to f. Our proof uses new approaches involving the Kreck modified surgery theory or the Boechat-Haefliger formula for smoothing obstruction.Comment: 32 pages, a link to http://www.springerlink.com added, to appear in Math. Zei

Synthesis and characterization of atomically-thin graphite films on a silicon carbide substrate

This paper reports the synthesis and detailed characterization of graphite thin films produced by thermal decomposition of the (0001) face of a 6H-SiC wafer, demonstrating the successful growth of single crystalline films down to approximately one graphene layer. The growth and characterization were carried out in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. The growth process and sample quality were monitored by low-energy electron diffraction, and the thickness of the sample was determined by core level x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. High-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy shows constant energy map patterns, which are very sharp and fully momentum-resolved, but nonetheless not resolution limited. We discuss the implications of this observation in connection with scanning electron microscopy data, as well as with previous studies