The significance of co-curricular education in school

Co-curriculum plays an important role in education. Among them is the importance of cultivating the personality and the formation of unity. Participation of students as young people and people in the country in co-curricular activities can cultivate positive values such as goodwill, unity, national integration and inculcating the values of the indirect and direct when participating in these activities. This is in line with the second core in the Education Development Master Plan (Pelan Induk Pembangunan Pendidikan), namely Developing Human Capital. Quality human capital is the nation's primary asset to determine the future of nation. It is also important in building the concept of "One Malaysia" which prioritizes unity among the multiracial Malaysians. There are various advantages and disadvantages of co-curriculum implementation in education. Therefore, the implementation should be carefully planned and implemented more seriously by all parties. Any constraints in implementation whether in terms of teacher training, equipment, infrastructure, support, finance, etc. are urgently needed. It is important that the co-curriculum implementation in education can achieve its objectives and succeed in producing a highly educated generation of noble and virtuous. © 2017 Elixi

The Impact of Gate-Induced Drain Leakage (GIDL) on Scaled MOSFETs for Low Power Device

In this research, we investigated the impact of Gate-Induced Drain Leakage (GIDL) on scaled Metal-OxideSemiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) for low power application. The output of this research determined the implications of GIDL on the performance of MOSFET with various sizes that are supplied via low voltage power. The MOSFET design parameters were proposed by referring to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS), 2011 edition. SILVACO’s DEVEDIT and ATLAS software was used for this research to design a device structure and obtain output characteristics. Three MOSFETs with different physical gate length and several other parameters were designed and simulated. From the extracted data, it shows that as the size of MOSFET physical gate length become smaller, the leakage current tends to be higher. Apart from GIDL current (IGIDL) value, the “ON” current (ION) value and threshold voltage (VTH) value also been extracted for all MOSFET designs

Performance of Different Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) Structures for Optical Modulator

An optical modulator is a device that electrically controls the output phase and the output amplitude of the optical signal. This paper analyzes the performance of different structures of the MZI as an optical modulator. This project compares the performance of Y-coupler and MMI coupler as Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) modulator on the SiliconOn-Insulator (SOI). This project used OptiBPM software and OptiSys for designing the structures and performance analysis. The performance has been analyzed based on the insertion loss, extinction ratio, phase shift and modulation efficiency. MMIcoupler design shows better performance with reduced insertion loss and better modulation efficiency of 2.53% and 17% respectively than that of the Y-coupler. Furthermore, the extinction ratio and phase shift of MMI coupler show an increment about 8.35% and 7.96% respectively when analyzed as the optical modulator. Therefore, the MMI coupler as MZI modulator exhibits better performance than the Y-coupler

The Potential of Silicon Photonic Device Based on Tapered MMI Structure

Tapered multimode interference (MMI) structure has recently been utilized on multiple fabrications of the silicon photonics device. This type of structure has the potential for the production of small device for various applications. Various designs have been made in order to produce a compact design of MMI. This paper will discuss recent research on the different tapered MMI structure and its performances when simulating different structures (linear, parabolic, exponential and etc.). The use of tapered structure device allows wider waveguides separation, as compared to a straight MMI device

FBG-Based Filtering Optical Clock and Data Recovery Enhancement for Optical Access Networks

Data transmission using optical fiber can be affected by nonlinear effects, dispersion, and crosstalk. These effects are causing the optical signal to be degraded. Optical clock and data recovery are necessary to synchronize and regenerate the affected signal and consequently achieving a good BER value. In this paper, a system with optical clock and data recovery function using FBG and FP-FBG filter technique is tested and analyzed using OptiSystem software. Eye diagram for both configurations is observed. Some parameters are also being manipulated such as the data rate and transmission distance to compare both FBG filtering effect. Clock data recovery signal with FBG filtering shows better performance compare to FP-FBG filtering at 10 Gbps

Willingness to treat COVID-19 disease: What do medical and nursing students perceive?

Background.- The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many changes in the delivery of health service which not only affect the public as well as healthcare workers, and also among medical and nursing students who are currently undergoing their training. This study aims to determine the commitment and willingness of medical and nursing students in Sarawak in treating patients with COVID- 19 and its associated factors. Methods.- It was a cross-sectional study using online questionnaire, carried out in a public university in Sarawak, Malaysia. All medical and nursing students were invited to participate in this study. Data was entered and analysed using IBM SPSS version 22. Result. – A total of 304 respondents participated in the study, with 81.6% female and 69.4% medical students. Majority of the respondents were most willing to take a medical history, do a physical examination, throat swabbing, draw blood and perform IV drip insertion. There was a high commitment among respondents to treat COVID-19 patients regardless of personal risks. Majority of the respondents also agreed that medical staff who are involved in treating COVID-19 patients should be receiving a salary increase and compensation should be given to affected healthcare families, and all non-medical staff should be involved in treating COVID-19 patients. About 71% agreed about a law mandating medical staffs to treat patient. Conclusion. - The willingness and commitment of medical and nursing students to treat COVID-19 patients was high, indicating their potential work force as healthcare providers

Persistence of Ebola virus RNA in some body fluids of Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors – the Nigerian experience

Introduction: Ebola virus (EBOV) has been shown to persist in some body fluids of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) survivors with implication for future transmission particularly in Nigeria where EVD was experienced for the first time in 2014. Thus, this paper was aimed at providing information on the duration of persistence of EBOV in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Ten consenting EVD survivors were enrolled. Baseline specimens; urine and semen (males), urine and high vaginal swab (HVS) (females) were obtained within one month after discharge from the Ebola Treatment Centre (ETC) and subsequently every fortnight. Samples were analyzed using quantitative Real-Star Filovirus Screen RT-PCR kit 1.0 at the National Reference Laboratory in Lagos.Results: Ten EVD survivors comprising 4 (40%) males and 6 (60%) females with age ranges of 28 to >33 years (mean age: 33.0 ± 6.9 years) were evaluated. EBOV RNA was not detected in the urine of all the participants and HVS from the females. However, EBOV RNA was detected in the semen of all 4 (100%) male participants at baseline, and at 2 months after discharge from the ETC. Two men were still positive for EBOV RNA 4 months after discharge from the ETC despite persistent negative vireamia. Conclusions: Our data confirm that a negative viremia in the convalescent period is not predictive of the absence of the virus in semen. Despite an early clearance of the virus from the urine and HVS, there was persistence of EBOV RNA in semen of male survivors 4 months after recovery

Measurement of dijet photoproduction for events with a leading neutron at HERA

Differential cross sections for dijet photoproduction and this process in association with a leading neutron, e+ + p -> e+ + jet + jet + X (+ n), have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 40 pb-1. The fraction of dijet events with a leading neutron was studied as a function of different jet and event variables. Single- and double-differential cross sections are presented as a function of the longitudinal fraction of the proton momentum carried by the leading neutron, xL, and of its transverse momentum squared, pT^2. The dijet data are compared to inclusive DIS and photoproduction results; they are all consistent with a simple pion-exchange model. The neutron yield as a function of xL was found to depend only on the fraction of the proton beam energy going into the forward region, independent of the hard process. No firm conclusion can be drawn on the presence of rescattering effects.Comment: 40 pages, 18 figure