On the Dynamical Ferromagnetic, Quantum Hall, and Relativistic Effects on the Carbon Nanotubes Nucleation and Growth Mechanism

The mechanism of carbon nanotube (CNT) nucleation and growth has been a mystery for over 15 years. Prior models have attempted the extension of older classical transport mechanisms. In July 2000, a more detailed and accurate nonclassical, relativistic mechanism was formulated considering the detailed dynamics of the electronics of spin and orbital rehybridization between the carbon and catalyst via novel mesoscopic phenomena and quantum dynamics. Ferromagnetic carbon was demonstrated. Here, quantum (Hall) effects and relativistic effects of intense many body spin-orbital interactions for novel orbital rehybridization dynamics (Little Effect) are proposed in this new dynamical magnetic mechanism. This dynamic ferromagnetic mechanism is proven by imposing dynamic and static magnetic fields during CNT syntheses and observing the different influence of these external magnetic environments on the catalyzing spin currents and spin waves and the resulting CNT formation

Carbon nanotubes from ethanol on Fe-Co/MgO catalysts and related interface phenomena

International audienceMossbauer spectroscopy studies of Fe-Co/MgO catalysts proved that a high dispersion degree of Fe may be achieved for catalysts containing Fe/Co in a ratio close to 1. During materials processing. the presence of hydrogen at high temperatures, even for short time, induced an increased particle size of the catalytic Fe. The evaluation of various iron species from their areas in the Mossbauer spectra revealed the dependence of the nanotube amount on (FeCo alloy + Fe2+) content in the catalyst, in good agreement with literature mechanisms. The Raman spectra show that carbon nanotubes synthesized from ethanol in argon flow on 4.5%Fe:4.5%Co/MgO are richer in low diameter (0.7-1.0nm) tubes than those obtained at low ethanol pressure, in agreement with the effects of hydrogen reported in literature. The close similarity with the Raman spectra of Aldrich double-walled carbon nanotubes and from literature, recommends the syntheses in argon flow as better conditions for double-walled carbon nanotube growth