Two distinct lithium diffusive species for polymer gel electrolytes containing LiBF₄, propylene carbonate (PC) and PVDF

Polymer gel electrolytes have been prepared using lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF₄), propylene carbonate (PC) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) at 20% and 30% concentration by mass. Self diffusion coefficients have been measured using pulse field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) for the cation and anion using ⁷Li and ¹⁹F resonant frequencies respectively. It was found that lithium ion diffusion was slow compared to the much larger fluorine anion likely resulting from a large solvation shell of the lithium. Lithium ion diffusion measurements exhibited two distinct diffusive species, whereas the fluorine ions exhibited only a single diffusive species

NMR Self Diffusion and Relaxation Time Measurements for Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) Based Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing LiBF4 and Propylene Carbonate

Polymer gel electrolytes (PGEs) have been prepared using lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4), propylene carbonate (PC) and poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). Self diffusion coefficients have been measured using pulse field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) for the lithium cation, BF4 anion and solvent molecules using 7Li, 19F and 1H nuclei, respectively. It was found that lithium ion diffusion was slow compared to the much larger fluorinated BF4 anion, which is attributed to a large solvation shell around the lithium ions. The 7Li and 1H diffusion measurements also exhibited two unique environments for the diffusive species. The measurement of NMR transverse relaxation times has confirmed the presence of lithium ions in multiple phases as shown by the diffusion measurements