Bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and minerals in flours prepared with tropical fruit peels

This study is aimed at performing the determination of bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and the identification of the minerals in the flours produced with the tropical fruit peels of mango, papaya, melon, and pineapple. The results showed that the papaya peel flour has the highest amount of ascorbic acid and lycopene when compared with the other studied flours. The mango peel flour has a high content of total extractable polyphenols and a high antioxidant activity. Regarding the mineral content, the by-product of melon stood out with 523.24±26.12 mg/100 g of potassium, 104.15±3.52 mg/100 g of calcium and 6.62±0.30 mg/100 g of iron. The flours prepared with mango, papaya, melon, and pineapple peels are potential sources of bioactive compounds and minerals, also presenting good antioxidant activity, being, therefore, recommended to be used in food products to improve the nutritional quality of the product

Land cover, land use and malaria in the Amazon: a systematic literature review of studies using remotely sensed data

The nine countries sharing the Amazon forest accounted for 89% of all malaria cases reported in the Americas in 2008. Remote sensing can help identify the environmental determinants of malaria transmission and their temporo-spatial evolution. Seventeen studies characterizing land cover or land use features, and relating them to malaria in the Amazon subregion, were identified. These were reviewed in order to improve the understanding of the land cover/use class roles in malaria transmission. The indicators affecting the transmission risk were summarized in terms of temporal components, landscape fragmentation and anthropic pressure. This review helps to define a framework for future studies aiming to characterize and monitor malaria

Effect Of Chloride And Copper Ions On Corrosion Of 5182 Aluminum Alloy

This work aimed to study the corrosion behavior of 5182 aluminum alloy (Al-Mg), widely used in the end production of carbonated beverage cans, in the presence of corrosion catalyst ions: copper and chloride. Firstly, acidity, pH, chloride and copper ions concentration data in soft drinks were collected to define the model solutions with pH at 3.0 using citric acid. The concentration of chloride ions in the model solution ranged from zero to 1000 mg kg -1, while the concentration of copper ranged from zero to 1000 μg kg-1. After contact with the de-aerated model solution, the aluminium sample was evaluated by polarization curves and by scanning electron microscopy. Once that evolving corrosion was observed in materials which had been in contact with all concentrations studied, it can be concluded that the studied level of chloride and copper in soft drinks is enough to provide a favourable medium to development of corrosion.500507Lansmont Field-to-LabFontana, M.G., (1986) Corrosion Engineering, p. 555. , 3rd ed., New York: McGraw-Hill, IncRamanathan, L.V., (2004) Corrosão e Seu Controle, , Ed. Hemus 1a Ed., São PauloSzklarska-Smialowska, Z., Pitting corrosion of aluminium (1999) Corrosion Science, 41, pp. 1743-1767Badran, M.M.H., El Azhari, A.A., Khedr, M.G.A., Pitting corrosion behavior of aluminium in water desalination plants (1989) Desalination, 72, pp. 351-366Bakos, I., Szabó, S., Corrosion behavior of aluminium in copper containing environment (2008) Corrosion Science, 50, pp. 200-205Seruga, M., Hasenay, D., Corrosion of aluminium in soft drinks (1996) Zeitschrift für Lebensmitteluntersuchung und -Forschung A, 202 (4), pp. 308-312(2010) G3 - 89 (Reapproved 2010): Standard Practice for Conventions Applicable to Electrochemical Measurements in Corrosion Testing, , ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials. West ConshohockenAl Mayouf, A., Al Fuhaiman, L., Suhaibani, A., Corrosion of aluminium in ascorbic, citric and tartaric acids with and without chloride ions (2008) Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, 55 (2), pp. 79-85Blanc, C., Mankowski, G., Susceptibility to pitting corrosion of 6056 aluminium alloy (1997) Corrosion Science, 39 (5), pp. 949-959Wong, K.P., Alkire, R.C., Local chemistry and growth of single corrosion pits in aluminum (1990) J. Electrochem. Soc., 37 (10), pp. 3010-3015McCafferty, E., The electrode kinetics of pit initiation on aluminium (1995) Corrosion Science, 37 (3), pp. 481-492Guillaumin, V., Mankowski, G., Localized corrosion of 2024 T351 aluminium alloy in chloride media (1999) Corrosion Science, 41, pp. 421-43