Non Perturbative Solutions and Scaling Properties of Vector, Axial--Vector Electrodynamics in 1+11+1 Dimensions

We study by non perturbative techniques a vector, axial--vector theory characterized by a parameter which interpolates between pure vector and chiral Schwinger models. Main results are two windows in the space of parameters which exhibit acceptable solutions. In the first window we find a free massive and a free massless bosonic excitations and interacting left--right fermions endowed with asymptotic \hbox{states}, which feel however a long range interaction. In the second window the massless bosonic excitation is a negative norm state which can be consistently expunged from the ``physical" Hilbert space; fermions are confined. An intriguing feature of our model occurs in the first window where we find that fermionic correlators scale at both short and long distances, but with different critical exponents. The infrared limit in the fermionic sector is nothing but a dynamically generated massless Thirring model.Comment: 32, DFPD 93-TH-3

Estética y secularización : Debates en la cultura católica argentina en la segunda posguerra

Los proyectos neo-autoritarios y restauradores que encarnó el catolicismo en los años treinta no estuvieron escindidos de miradas estéticas que proyectaban vínculos con modelos espirituales, eclesiológicos, y obviamente políticos. La consolidación de una serie de referentes de autoridad dentro este campo (Manuel Gálvez, Leonardo Castellani, Gustavo Franceschi, Hugo Wast) que a su vez se vinculaban de diferente manera con referentes europeos (Gilbert K. Chesterton, Jacques Maritain), permitieron el despliegue de un nuevo canon, que se servía, a su vez, de la expansión de editoriales cada vez más ambiciosas en su producción, cuyo máximo ejemplo para el caso del catolicismo fue, sin duda, la Editorial Difusión de los hermanos Luchía Puig. Finalizada la Segunda Guerra mundial, nuevamente Europa traerá originales reflexiones sobre estética y religión, y una poderosa corriente de renovación. El trabajo propone comentar algunas de las trasformaciones vividas en el seno del catolicismo en la inmediata posguerra, vinculadas a corrientes de pensamiento, debates, y al desarrollo de nuevos imaginarios a nivel de la iglesia universal. Nos concentraremos en dos tópicos; en primer lugar en los debates estéticos que cruzaron la década del cincuenta, y cuáles fueron sus derivaciones para la antropología y eclesiología católica. En segundo lugar, analizaremos la recepción que los cambios en la teología, las prácticas rituales y el impacto de la filosofía existencialista en el campo intelectual católico local.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

El asedio a la cristiandad. Intelectuales católicos y sociedad (1950-1965)

From the decline of Pius XII’s papacy to the end of the Vatican Council II, Catholicism faced an actual internal revolution. This paper seeks to analyse the development of discourse in Argentinian catholic thinkers in the 1950s and 1960s; and the conditions under which this change has been possible. The conciliary period was capable of transforming the inner relational system in catholicism and modifying the ways of sanction and legitimacy of discourse in the field: what can and what cannot be said underwent a radical transformation. Issues such as the role of laymen, pluralism, ecumenical dialogue, the relationship Church-State, etc., set up the coordinates of this intense debate.Desde el atardecer del papado de Pío XII a la finalización del Concilio Vaticano II, el catolicismo vivió una autentica revolución interna. El trabajo propone analizar la trayectoria de los discursos de la intelectualidad católica argentina en las décadas del cincuenta y sesenta, y las condiciones que hicieron posible ese cambio. El período conciliar fue capaz de modificar el sistema de relaciones al interior del catolicismo y las formas de sanción y legitimidad de los discursos en el campo: lo decible y no decible sufrió una transformación radical. Temas como el rol de los laicos, el pluralismo, el diálogo ecuménico, la relación Iglesia - Estado, etc., formaron las coordenadas de ese intenso debate

La teología política de la secularización. Pedro de Basaldúa y el exilio vasco en Argentina

Since the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, Argentine Catholics defended different political models, based on various theological principles. The case of Basque nationalism, fervently Catholic and allied with the Republic, created a dilemma for the confessional South American intellectuals. Why the Basques did not adhere to a government that seemed willing to establish the political principles that Catholicism had defended since the nineteenth century? After the triumph of Franco, the conflict continued, as Basque nationalism was a propagandist of the "free world" as opposed to "totalitarianism" in America. This article attempts to account for the transformation of ideas of Catholicism, analyzing the circulation of ideas among Basque exiles, focusing on the figure of Pedro de Basaldúa a prominent ethno-cultural articulator, politician and intellectual in the second half of the XX century between Europe and Latin America.; Desde el inicio de la Guerra Civil española los católicos argentinos defendieron diferentes modelos políticos, sustentados en diversos principios teológicos. El caso del nacionalismo vasco, fervientemente católico y aliado a la Republica, puso a los intelectuales confesionales sudamericanos frente a una compleja situación. ¿Por qué los vascos no adherían un gobierno que parecía dispuesto a instaurar los principios políticos que el catolicismo había defendido desde el siglo XIX? Luego del triunfo de Franco, el conflicto continuó, dado que el nacionalismo vasco fue un propagandista del "mundo libre" en oposición a los "totalitarismos" en América. El presente artículo intenta dar cuenta de la transformación de las ideas del catolicismo, analizando la circulación de ideas entre los exiliados vascos, concentrándose en la figura de Pedro de Basaldúa, un destacado político, intelectual y articulador étnico-cultural en la segunda mitad del siglo XX entre Europa y América Latina

Radiomics-Based Inter-Lesion Relation Network to Describe [18F]FMCH PET/CT Imaging Phenotypes in Prostate Cancer

Advanced image analysis, specifically radiomics, has been recognized as a potential source of biomarkers for cancers. However, there are challenges to its application in the clinic, such as proper description of diseases where multiple lesions coexist. In this study, we aimed to characterize the intra-tumor heterogeneity of metastatic prostate cancer using an innovative approach. This approach consisted of a transformation method to build a radiomic profile of lesions extracted from [18F]FMCH PET/CT images, a qualitative assessment of intra-tumor heterogeneity of patients, and a quantitative representation of the intra-tumor heterogeneity of patients in terms of the relationship between their lesions’ profiles. We found that metastatic prostate cancer patients had lesions with different radiomic profiles that exhibited intra-tumor radiomic heterogeneity and that the presence of many radiomic profiles within the same patient impacted the outcome

Environmental Enrichment Increases Glucocorticoid Receptors and Decreases GluA2 and Protein Kinase M Zeta (PKMζ) Trafficking During Chronic Stress: A Protective Mechanism?

Environmental enrichment (EE) housing paradigms have long been shown beneficial for brain function involving neural growth and activity, learning and memory capacity, and for developing stress resiliency. The expression of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit GluA2, which is important for synaptic plasticity and memory, is increased with corticosterone (CORT), undermining synaptic plasticity and memory. Thus, we determined the effect of EE and stress on modulating GluA2 expression in Sprague-Dawley male rats. Several markers were evaluated which include: plasma CORT, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), GluA2, and the atypical protein kinase M zeta (PKMζ). For 1 week standard-(ST) or EE-housed animals were treated with one of the following four conditions: (1) no stress; (2) acute stress (forced swim test, FST; on day 7); (3) chronic restraint stress (6 h/day for 7 days); and (4) chronic + acute stress (restraint stress 6 h/day for 7 days + FST on day 7). Hippocampi were collected on day 7. Our results show that EE animals had reduced time immobile on the FST across all conditions. After chronic + acute stress EE animals showed increased GR levels with no change in synaptic GluA2/PKMζ. ST-housed animals showed the reverse pattern with decreased GR levels and a significant increase in synaptic GluA2/PKMζ. These results suggest that EE produces an adaptive response to chronic stress allowing for increased GR levels, which lowers neuronal excitability reducing GluA2/PKMζ trafficking. We discuss this EE adaptive response to stress as a potential underlying mechanism that is protective for retaining synaptic plasticity and memory function

Contrastive Language-Image Pretrained Models are Zero-Shot Human Scanpath Predictors

Understanding the mechanisms underlying human attention is a fundamental challenge for both vision science and artificial intelligence. While numerous computational models of free-viewing have been proposed, less is known about the mechanisms underlying task-driven image exploration. To address this gap, we present CapMIT1003, a database of captions and click-contingent image explorations collected during captioning tasks. CapMIT1003 is based on the same stimuli from the well-known MIT1003 benchmark, for which eye-tracking data under free-viewing conditions is available, which offers a promising opportunity to concurrently study human attention under both tasks. We make this dataset publicly available to facilitate future research in this field. In addition, we introduce NevaClip, a novel zero-shot method for predicting visual scanpaths that combines contrastive language-image pretrained (CLIP) models with biologically-inspired neural visual attention (NeVA) algorithms. NevaClip simulates human scanpaths by aligning the representation of the foveated visual stimulus and the representation of the associated caption, employing gradient-driven visual exploration to generate scanpaths. Our experimental results demonstrate that NevaClip outperforms existing unsupervised computational models of human visual attention in terms of scanpath plausibility, for both captioning and free-viewing tasks. Furthermore, we show that conditioning NevaClip with incorrect or misleading captions leads to random behavior, highlighting the significant impact of caption guidance in the decision-making process. These findings contribute to a better understanding of mechanisms that guide human attention and pave the way for more sophisticated computational approaches to scanpath prediction that can integrate direct top-down guidance of downstream tasks

The plasma boundary in Single Helical Axis RFP plasmas

Single Helical Axis (SHAx) states obtained in high current reversed field pinch (RFP) plasmas display, aside from a dominant mode in the m=1 spectrum, also a dominant m=0 mode, with the same toroidal mode number as the m=1 one. The two modes have a fixed phase relationship. The island chain created by the m=0 mode across the reversal surface gives rise, at shallow reversal of the toroidal field, to an X-point structure which separates the last closed flux surface from the first wall, creating a divertor-like configuration. The plasma-wall interaction is found to be related to the connection length of the field lines intercepting the wall, which displays a pattern modulated by the dominant mode toroidal periodicity. This configuration, which occurs only for shallow toroidal field reversal, could be exploited to realize an island divertor in analogy to stellarators.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures Submitted to Nuclear Fusio

An active feedback recovery technique from disruption events induced by m=2 n=1 tearing modes in ohmically heated tokamak plasmas

We present experimental results of magnetic feedback control on the m=2, n=1 tearing mode in RFX-mod operated as a circular ohmically heated tokamak. The feedback suppression of the non-resonant m=2, n=1 Resistive Wall Mode (RWM) in q(a)<2 plasmas is a well-established result of RFX-mod. The control of the tearing counterpart, which develops in q(a)>2 equilibrium, is instead a more difficult issue. In fact, the disruption induced by a growing amplitude m=2, n=1 tearing mode can be prevented by feedback only when the resonant surface q=2 is close to the plasma edge, namely 2<q(a)<2.5, and the electron density does not exceed approximately half of the Greenwald limit. A combined technique of tearing mode and q(a) control has been therefore developed to recover the discharge from the most critical conditions: the potentially disruptive tearing mode is converted into the relatively benign RWM by suddenly decreasing q(a) below 2. The experiments demonstrate the concept with 100% of successful cases. The q(a) control has been performed through the plasma current, given the capability of the toroidal loop-voltage power supply of RFX-mod. We also propose a path for controlling q(a) by acting on the plasma shape, which could be applied to medium size elongated tokamaks