Tungstate Based Ceramics Obtained By Spark Plasma Sintering Method – Possible Material for Consolidation of Radioactive Wastes’ Components

The Spark Plasma Sintering method was used to produce high-density ceramics from tungstates SrWO4 and NaNd(WO4)2 with scheelite structure. These compounds are proposed as possible matrices for the consolidation of radwaste components. Powder samples were obtained by coprecipitation method and studied by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After sintering, the samples retained their phase identity (scheelite structure). The total duration of sintering was ∼ 13-15 min, the relative density was reached ∼ 92, 99%. Keywords: Tungstates, RW, Spark Plasma Sintering, high density, microstructur

Investigation of the microstructure of the fine-grained YPO4_4:Gd ceramics with xenotime structure after Xe irradiation

The paper reports on the preparation of xenotime-structured ceramics by the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) method. Phosphates Y$_{0.95}$Gd$_{0.05}$PO$_4$ (YPO$_4$:Gd) were obtained by the sol-gel method. The synthesized nanopowders are collected in large agglomerates 10-50 mkm in size. Ceramics has a fine-grained microstructure and a high relative density (98.67%). The total time of the SPS process was approximately 18 min. High-density sintered ceramics YPO$_4$:Gd with a xenotime structure were irradiated with Xe$^{+26}$ ions (E = 167 MeV) to fluences of $1\times10^{12}$-$3\times 10^{13}$ cm$^{-2}$. Complete amorphization at maximum fluence was not achieved. As the fluence increases, an insignificant increase in the depth of the amorphous layer is observed. According to the results of grazing incidence XRD (GIXRD), with an increase in fluence from $1\times10^{12}$-$3\times 10^{13}$ cm$^{-2}$, an increase in the volume fraction of the amorphous structure from 20 to 70% is observed. The intensity of XRD peak 200 YPO$_4$:Gd after recovery annealing (700$^\circ$C, 18 h) reached a value of ~80% of the initial intensity I0.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figure

Prospects for the Development of the Oil and Gas Industry in the Regional and Global Economy

Problems of energy efficiency, along with increasing environmental safety of production and increasing social responsibility, are becoming a central object of research. Therefore, the main goal of the work is to analyze the prospects for the development of the oil and gas industry. It was established that innovative technologies play an important role in the development of energy. In the structure of public administration, the definition of the place in the close relationship with commodity-money relations, mediating its implementation. But refusal of oil resources will lead to negative consequences. It is established that the maximum production of conventional oil in the world in the amount of 4.5-4.8 billion tons per year will be achieved in 2020-2030. Major areas of conventional oil production in this period will be oil and gas basins of the Persian Gulf, Western and Eastern Siberia, the Caspian sea, the Atlantic shelves of Africa and South America. The achieved level of oil production can be maintained by large-scale involvement in the development of non-traditional sources (bitumen and shale oil). According to the raw material base, the leaders of unconventional oil production should be Venezuela, Canada, Russia and the United States. Keywords: environmental policy, oil production, forecast, coal-fired power plants, economic crisis. JEL Classifications: L100, Q400, Q430

X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Ceramics Irradiated with High-Energy Ions

NaNd(WO4)2 and NaNd(MoO4)2 ceramic samples subjected to ion implantation is considered. The degree of amorphization of the near-surface layer of the samples depending on the fluence were obtained. The depth of the amorphized layer was also investigated.Рентгенодифракционные исследования образцов до и после облучения выполнялись в лаборатории диагностики радиационных дефектов в твердотельных наноструктурах ИФМ РАН при поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ (г/з № 0030-2021-0030). Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта №20-21-00145_Росатом

Напряженность иммунитета к кори в различных группах населения

Objective: to examine the state of the immunity to measles in different age groups.Materials and methods: In 2018, 4444 people were examined at the Diagnostic Center (virological). Among them, 3783 people were examined using the passive haemagglutination test for measles (manufactured by Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Russia). In the remaining 661 cases, the IgG to measles were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) by VektoMeaseles IgG test (manufactured by Vector-Best, Russia). The correlation between the measles IgG level (ELISA) and the age was examined in 518 patients. Results: In this study, the immunity to measles was shown to be insufficient in all groups of observed people. Even among medical staff, nearly 10% had no protective level of measles antibodies. We have shown that the correlation between the measles IgG level and the age is statistically significant, so that the number of seronegative persons in different age groups differs significantly. Conclusion: The highest ratio of seronegative individuals was found in the age group between 18 and 25 years (52,33%), which can lead to serious measles outbreaks. Hence, this study confirms a strong need for additional immunization in all groups and especially in young population.Цель: изучить состояние иммунитета к кори в различных возрастных группах.Материалы и методы: В 2018 г. в Клинической инфекционной больнице им. С.П. Боткина в Городском консультативно-диагностическом центре (вирусологическом) было обследовано 4444 человека: у 3783 человек исследование было выполнено при помощи набора реагентов для реакции пассивной гемагглютинации к кори (производитель Научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера, Россия), в 661 случае был выполнен иммуноферментный анализ по определению IgG к вирусу кори с использованием тестсистемы «ВектоКорь IgG» (производитель АО «ВекторБест», Россия). Зависимость уровня антител к кори (метод иммуноферментного аналаиза) от возраста была исследована у 518 пациентов. Результаты: в данном исследовании было показано, что в настоящее время напряженность иммунитета во всех возрастных группах недостаточна. Даже среди медицинских работников был отмечен высокий процент серонегативных лиц. Показано наличие достоверной корреляции между уровнем IgG к кори и возрастом пациентов. Выявлены достоверные отличия по количеству серонегативных по кори лиц в различных возрастных группах. Заключение: значительное количество серонегативных лиц в возрастной группе до 25 лет создает серьезный риск возникновения эпидемии кори. Данное исследование показывает необходимость дополнительной иммунизации против кори всех групп населения и особенно лиц молодого возраста.

CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPERCAPACITORS ELECTRODES BASED ON TITANIA AND CARBON NANOTUBES

TiO2-NT and CNT based electrodes have been fabricated by anodizing and pyrolysis and characterized by scanning electron microscope. Electrochemical performances such as spe-cific capacitance, energy and power have been calculated in frame of the galvanostatic charge-discharge curves analysis.Исследование выполнено в рамках инициативного научного проекта FEUZ-2020-0059 Минобрнауки РФ

THE COGNITIVE MECHANISM OF COMPARISON STUDY IN THE CONTRASTIVE ASPECT (ON THE BASIS OF THE ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES)

Статья раскрывает особенности комплексного изучения когнитивного механизма сравнения в сопоставительном аспекте. В статье дается схема сопоставительного описания сравнительных конструкций разного уровня на примере единиц со сравнительным эталоном «волк» в английском и русском языках. Такой подход позволяет выделить не только отличительные черты восприятия носителей языков, но и определить особенности выбора эталонов, сравнительных конструкций при передаче информации в зависимости от коммуникативной цели автора или говорящего.The article deals with the peculiarities of the cognitive mechanism of comparison complex study. The article suggests the scheme for the contrastive description of the comparative constructions on different levels of study. The analysis is based on the example of the language units the semantics of which is based on the comparative stereotype “a wolf” in the English and Russian languages. The suggested approach makes it possible to single out the distinguishing features of the native speakers’ peculiarities of perception as well as to define the principles that determine the choice of the comparative stereotype, comparative constructions when transmitting the information and its determination by the communicative aim of the author or speaker

Shared knowledge centre (research and education centre) of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia as a modern experimental basis for the development of drug standards

Shared Knowledge Centre (Research and Education Centre) of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (SKC (REC) PFUR) was established in 2009. It is equipped with modern advanced measuring and testing equipment. On the basis of SKC (REC) various scientific and research projects are conducted, such as the development and formulation of medicines; quality control and standardization of medicines and substances, etc. The research results became a basis for a number of general monographs and monographs to be included in the Russian State Pharmacopoeia XIII edition, in particular, «Mass Spectrometry», «Fatty oils» etc. At the moment the employees of SKC (REC) are developing technologies and methods of standardization for dosage forms such as transdermal patch, buccal films, floating tablet and other innovative dosage forms, which will be used for further development of the general monographs and monographs for the future Russian State Pharmacopoeia editions