The Punic tombs of the Maltese islands

This study analyzes the distribution of the Punic tombs found thus far in various parts of the Maltese Islands. It also discusses the main burial methods and customs which the natives of these islands practiced in the Punic Period.peer-reviewe

On the Impact of Financial Inclusion on Financial Stability and Inequality: The Role of Macroprudential Policies

Financial Inclusion - access to financial products by households and firms - is one of the main albeit challenging priorities, both for Advanced Economies (AEs) as well as Emerging Markets (EMs), even more so for the latter. Financial inclusion facilitates consumption smoothing, lowers income inequality, enables risk diversification, and tends to positively affect economic growth. Financial stability is another rising priority among policy makers. This is evident in the re-emergence of macroprudential policies after the global financial crisis, minimizing systemic risk, particularly risks associated with rapid credit growth. However, there are significant policy tradeoffs that could exist between both financial inclusion and financial stability, with mixed evidence on the link between the two objectives. Given the importance of macroprudential policies as a toolbox to achieve financial stability, we examine the impact of macroprudential policies on financial inclusion - a potential cause for financial instability if not carefully implemented. Using panel regressions for 67 countries over the period 2000-2014, our results point to mixed effects of macroprudential policies. The usage (and tightening) of some tools, such as the debt-to-income ratio, appear to reduce financial inclusion whereas others, such as the required reserve ratio (RRR), increase it. Specifically, both institutional quality and financial development appear to increase the effectiveness of macroprudential policies on financial inclusion. Institutional quality helps macroprudential policies boost financial inclusion, with mixed effects as a result of financial development, but the results are more significant when we include either institutional quality or financial development. This leads us to believe that macroprudential policies conditional on better institutional quality and financial development improves financial inclusion. This has important policy implications for financial stability

An Assessment of the Contribution of Training in Raising Work Efficiency in the Zanzibar Public Sector. A Case of the State University of Zanzibar

The quality of human resource is an asset to any organization and as a result training has become an issue of great concern to every organization. Several organizations meet their needs for training in an ad hoc and haphazard manner. Others set about identifying their training needs, then design training activities in a rational manner and finally assess the results of training. This study, sought to assess the contribution of training in raising work efficiency in the Zanzibar public sector using the case study of SUZA. It attempted to explore the perceptions on the importance of training, to examine the training capacity that can meet the public service requirement, to determine the factors affecting training programs to the public servants and to find the accurate measures that could enhance the effectiveness of training programs for public sector employees. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. The study used interviews, questionnaires, and documentary review to elicit information from the sample and data were analyzed through SPSS Software Version 16.0. A sample of 70 respondents was obtained (40 respondents from SUZA members of staff and 30 respondents from SUZA trainees). The findings revealed that, there is still a problem of training programs in the training institutions and even other public organizations. The main challenges are lack of training policy in the learning institutions and other public organizations as well as financial constraints such as limited fund and bureaucracy to conduct an effective training. Furthermore, training programs in some cases fail to achieve the development goals of employees and the organization at large due to lack of an assessment of training needs in public organizations. The study recommended to the University to improve the management capacity by conducting several seminars, workshops and other management development programs. Also, to maintain equitable participation in training between line and supporting staff, development and effective implication of training policy, conduct an assessment training needs, recruitment of enough qualified lecturers, good relationship between trainers and trainees, and the availability of modern training facilities

Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Nasabah yang Didaftarhitamkan Akibat Kesalahan Sistem Perbankan Menurut UU No. 10 Tahun 1998 Tentang Perbankan

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan hukum bagi nasabah yang didaftarhitamkan akibat kesalahan sistem perbankan menurut UU no. 10 tahun 1998 tentang Perbankan dan bagaimana ketentuan Peraturan Bank Indonesia dalam pengenaan sanksi terhadap pihak bank yang melakukan kesalahan dan kelalaian dalam laporan informasi debitur yang mengakibatkan nasabah didaftar hitamkan. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, maka disimpulkan: 1. Perlindungan hukum terhadap nasabah sendiri sudah semakin terlihat dengan menempatkan perlindungan nasabah sebagai salah satu pilar perbankan nasional. Walaupun dalam Undang Undang No. 10 tahun 1998 tentang Perbankan tidak ada ketentuan yang secara khusus mengatur masalah perlindungan hukum terhadap nasabah tetapi ini diwujudkan dalam arsitektur perbankan Indonesia pada pilar ke enam yaitu peningkatan perlindungan nasabah dengan menyusun standar mekanisme pengaduan nasabah, membentuk lembaga mediasi perbankan, menyusun transparansi produk, dan mempromosikan edukasi untuk nasabah. 2. Bank Indonesia memberikan sanksi terhadap bank yang melakukan kesalahan atau kelalaian termasuk tidak melaporkan perihal debitur dan kreditnya dalam sistem informasi debitur, dengan sanksi berupa kewajiban membayar yang telah ditentukam oleh Bank Indonesia, sanksi teguran tertulis, sampai pada penilaian kesehatan bank oleh Bank Indonesia

Beberapa Aspek Biologi Ikan Bujuk (Channa Cyanospilos) Di DAS Musi, Sumatera Selatan

Ikan Bujuk (Channa cyanospilos) merupakan spesies asli (native species) yang terdapat di Sumatera (Sungai Musi) dan Kalimantan (Sungai Kapuas, Kalimantan Barat) dan juga kemungkinan ikan asli di Semenanjung Malaysia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data biologi ikan bujuk meliputi distribusi frekuensi panjang total ikan, hubungan panjang-berat (pola pertumbuhan), faktor kondisi, hubungan fekunditas dengan panjang total – berat ikan, berat gonada, Indeks Kematangan Gonad (IKG), fekunditas, kebiasaan makan, habitat dan lingkungan. Hasil yang didapatkan ukuran ikan panjang total yang diperoleh berkisar 19.5 - 35.5 cm dengan berat berkisar 70 – 600 g. Pola pertumbuhan ikan bujuk adalah isometrik (b = 3.19, p < 0.05). Berat gonad berkisar 1.33 - 6.8 g dengan rata-rata 3.78 g, Indeks Kematangan Gonad (IKG) berkisar 0.348 - 1.331 dengan rata-rata 0.801. Fekunditas berkisar 1 209 – 4 563 butir dengan rata-rata 2 303 butir, diameter telur antara 0.27 – 0.45 mm dan habitat berupa rawa banjiran (flood plain). Kualitas air Kabupaten Muara Enim temperatur antara 27 - 30oC; pH antara 5.5 – 6.5 (unit); O2 antara 3.7 – 5.5 (mg/l); CO2 antara 5 -7.6 (mg/l) sedangkan di Musi Banyuasin temperatur air antara 28 - 30oC; pH antara 5.5 – 6.0 (mg/l); O2 antara 3.7 – 5.0 (mg/l); CO2 antara 5.7 – 7.0 (mg/l)

Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Melestarikan Budaya Mutu Sekolah

Bertolak pada Peraturan Menteri pendidikan Nasional, no 28 tahun 2010, tentang penugasan kepala sekolah bahwa kepala sekolah berfungsi sebagai leader dan manajer di sekolah yang mempunyai peran penting dalam mewujudkan visi dan misi sekolah. Hal ini sesuai dengan peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional dimana kepala sekolah adalah seorang guru yang diberikan tugas tambahan sebagai kepala sekolah atau madrasah untuk memimpin dan mengelola sekolah atau madrasah dalam upaya meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Mengelola sekolah atau madrasah memerlukan model dan gaya kepemimpinan. Model dan gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah bukanlah suatu kebetulan, akan tetapi ada nilai-nilai yang mendasarinya. yaitu dimensi soft yang mempengaruhi terhadap kinerja individu dan mutu, yaitu nilai-nilai (values), keyakinan (belief), norma, budaya mutu (culture) pembentuk budaya mutu sekolah merupakan perpaduan nilai-nilai, keyakinan, asumsi, pemahaman, dan harapan yang diyakini oleh warga sekolah serta dijadikan pedoman bagi perilaku dan pemecahan masalah internal dan eksternal yang mereka hadapi dan merupakan dasar dan landasan bagi Perubahan dalam hidup pribadi atau kelompok

Knowledge Management System Untuk Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro

Some of rural areas in Indonesia in fact is still have not getting electricity power supply enough. While demography in Indonesia is potential to built micro hydro power (mhp). Micro hydro power (mhp) become solution to cover the needs of electricity because of the mhp manufacture is not wasting a lot of fund. In addition to cheap, mhpdoes notdamage the environment because people have to keep the water supply flowing/riverby keeping the trees int he head waters area, including no cutting of trees and littering. However, the information of this mhp haven't spread to people in Indonesia or community lived in the rural areas who needs electricity power supply. The development ofinformation technology givea significant impactfor people.with the creation ofa knowledge management system ,is expected to mhp information abou tmicro hydro can be spread to public in detail and easy to reach. Further this knowledge management system can be a reference for future progress in the mhp. Design of knowledge management system begin with identifying the needs of system. Then the modeled of knowledge management system, based on these needs will be made by usinguml. The design is an interface of knowledge management system based on internet access which have the facilities like searching, transfer, distribution, and adding the newest knowledge of micro hydro and mhp. Keywords : design, interface, knowledge management, micro hydr

PERAN PENYIDIK DALAM TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA TERHADAP ANAK DIBAWA UMUR

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk memngetahui bagaimana peran penyidik dalam penanganan tindak pidana narkotika yang dilakukan anak dan bagaimana dampak negatif penerapan sanksi bagi anak yang menyalahgunakan narkotika. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, maka dapat disimpulkan: 1. Dalam hal penyalahgunaan narkotika itu dilakukan oleh anak yang belum mencapai umur 8 (delapan) tahun, tidak perlu hakim tetapi cukup Penyidik dapat memberikan tindakan alternatif pidana selain pidana penjara, yaitu memerintahkan supaya yang bersalah dikembalikan kepada orang tuanya, walinya atau orang tua asuhnya tanpa pidana apapun; atau memerintahkan supaya yang bersalah diserahkan kepada Dinas Sosial tanpa pidana apapun.  2. Ketentuan Pasal 85 Undang-­Undang Narkotika  dikaitkan dengan ketentuan Pasal 5 Undang-Undang Pengadilan Anak, maka cukup Penyidik yang melakukan tindakan dan tidak perlu hakim menjatuhkan pidana penjara sebagaimana diformulasikan dalam Pasal 85 tersebut. Dengan demikian, sifat imperatif dari stelsel sanksi dalam Pasal 85 Undang-Undang Narkotika telah dianulir oleh ketentuan Pasal 5 Undang-Undang Pengadilan Anak, yaitu dalam hal penyalahgunaan narkotika itu dilakukan oleh orang yang belum mencapai umur 8 (delapan) tahun. berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 5, jo. Pasal 22 jo. 26 Undang-Undang Pengadilan Anak jo, Pasal 85 Undang-Undang Narkotika tersimpul, bahwa sistem perumusan ancaman pidana dalam Pasal 85 Undang-Undang Narkotika tidak lagi bersifat imperatif, sekalipun ancaman pidananya dirumuskan secara tunggal tetapi bersifat alternatifl fakultatif. Kata kunci: Penyidik, narkotika, ana