Improved Mechanism for Detecting Examinations Impersonations in Public Higher Learning Institutions : Case of the Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy.

Student identification documents, such as ID cards and exam hall tickets, are crucial for verifying exams eligibility in public higher learning institutions. However, these methods have security vulnerabilities, including weak authentication, lack of encryption, and inadequate anti-counterfeiting measures, making impersonation easier. The study focused on enhancing the detection of impersonations in physical examinations in Public Higher Learning Institutions. The main goal was to develop an improved mechanism for detecting impersonations, with specific objectives to identify key technologies, design an enhanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) model, and evaluate the developed model. The research was conducted at the Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy (MNMA) due to its current high enrollment rate with low number of academics, involving 525 respondents including academic staff, ICT officers, and students. A mixed research methodology was adopted, the study used a case study approach with stratified sampling, employing semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and surveys for data collection. The study analyzed data using content analysis, statistics, and probability theory, presenting findings through graphs and UML diagrams. It developed an enhanced NLP model with Laravel, Flutter, and MySQL, integrating QR codes for student authentication through dynamic question generation. Results confirmed model efficiency in improving security and verification with minimal time and cost. Keywords: Impersonations, Examinations, Higher Learning Institution, Impersonations detection, impersonator, Dynamic Challenging questions, QR Code and NLP Model

The Factors Influencing Adoption of Online Recruitment System in Tanzania: A Case of Public Service Recruitment Secretariat.

This study assessed the factors influencing adoption of online recruitment system in Tanzania. Specifically, the study assessed the effect of attitude, subjective norms and behavioral control towards technology use on adoption of online recruitment system. The study adopted a positivism research philosophy, quantitative research approach and case study research design based at Public Service Recruitment Secretariat of Tanzania. The respondents were 150 employees of the Secretariat who were selected by stratified sampling method. The data was collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive, Spearman’s correlation and simple regression analyses. The study revealed existence of positive and significant effect of attitude towards technology use and adoption of online recruitment system. Also, there was positive and significant effect of subjective norms and adoption of online recruitment system. Moreover, the study exposed significant positive effect of behavioral control on adoption of online recruitment system. From the stated findings, the study concluded that adoption of online recruitment system by employees of Public Service Recruitment Secretariat was greatly influenced by attitude towards technology use, subjective norms and behavioral control. Therefore, the study recommends that the Government of Tanzania and management of Public Service Recruitment Secretariat should make wise and timely decisions of improving employees’ attitude towards technology use as welstrengthening subjective norms and behavioral control in order to ensure that the online recruitment system attract adoption among users and conform to the social, economic and technological changes. Source: Factors influencing adoption, theoretical literature review and theory of planned behavio

The Role of Women Income Generating Activities on Gender- Based Violence Prevention Mbulu District.

Women’s income activities are crucial for growth of the economy within the country and globally. On the other hand, women are subjected to gender discrimination, enduring different forms of abuse including Gender Based Violence (GVB), and their human rights have been violated. Hence, there is a need to assess whether involving women in income generating activities would lead to end Gender Based Violence. The main objective of this study was to assess the role of women income generating activities (IGAs) in the prevention of gender-based violence in Mbulu District. The specific objectives were to assess forms of Gender Based Violence among Women; to identify the Income Generating Activities women are engaged in; and, to describe the contribution of women’s income generating activities to the prevention of Gender Based Violence in Mbulu District. The study employed a cross-sectional research design, whereby a total of 156 respondents were involved in the study. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The results showed that the extent of gender-based violence against women was high in Mbulu District. The results further showed that women were involved in livestock keeping, food vending, selling vegetables, fruits, fish, homemade soaps and local beer as Income Generating Activities. Findings, on the other hand, indicated that there is relationship between income generating activities and the prevention of gender based violence in Mbulu District. Therefore, it is concluded that, participation in income generating activities had a great potential to prevent gender-based violence. The recommendations from the study are the communities through Government and NGOs should create awareness to both men and women on the negative consequences of gender based violence

Examining the Utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services among Adolescents in Nyamagana District, Tanzania.

This study aimed at assessing the utilization of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services among adolescents in Nyamagana district as a case study. Specifically, the study assessed: the level of awareness of adolescents in accessing SRH services; accessibility of SRH services by adolescents; and challenge facing the adolescents in accessing SRH services. The study was guided by Social Cognitive Theory developed by Albert Bandura. Interprevitism philosophy and cross-sectional design. Qualitative approach was employed whereby 30 participants were involved. In addition, a non-probability sampling strategy specifically purposive sampling was used to select parents/guardians, and healthcare providers. Data were collected by using a semi-structured interview. Data analysis involved thematic analysis. Results indicated that utilization to SRH services by adolescents was influenced by the level of awareness such as awareness of the right to information and education on SRH service, freedom of thoughts on SRH, and right to decide number and spacing of children, and free from violence. The study also found the access to SRH services depended on availability of healthcare providers, adolescent-friendly SRH service, life skills and education programmes, and stock-out commodities. Results also indicated the challenges that hindered access to SRH among adolescents to include intrapersonal, interpersonal, and institutional level. The study concludes that utilization to SRH services in Nyamagana district was influenced by adolescent’s level of awareness of SRHS services, and access to SRH service. The study recommends that the government under the Ministry of Health of Tanzania and other health practitioners in Nyamagana district should inform adolescents about the importance of getting SRH services

The Effect of Single Mother Parenting on Adolescent’s Development in Tanzania : A Case of Lindi Municipality Secondary Schools.

This dissertation aimed to examine the effect of single-mother parenting on adolescent development where the title of the study is The Effect of Single Mother Parenting on Adolescent Development in Tanzania, a case of Lindi municipality secondary schools. The study is guided by three specific objectives, namely, to examine adolescent’s academic performance, to explore the difference in behaviour between students from single mothers and those from dual parents and to describe the difference in academic performance between students from single mothers and those from dual parents. The study used Bowly’s Attachment theory to guide the study. The study involved 81 respondents, and a structured questionnaire was used for respondents as a method of data collection. The study collected data from respondents and analyzed data using descriptive data analysis. Findings in this study indicate that about 75% of students from single-mother parents do not have enough stationery, whereas only 25% of students from dual parents do not have enough stationery. It concluded that single mothers failed to support the academic performance of their children since they failed to pay school expenses. Also, it recognized that students from single-mother parents have unacceptable behaviors in the community than students from dual parents. This is because parents’ attachment to children may develop good behavior to children through close care of parents, but single mothers seem to have little time to take care of children. They leave the child to develop their behavior, which is very risky in future, life. It is recommended that the government support students from single mothers by providing free food access to school, removing all academic expenses, and building special hostels for vulnerable groups of students from single mothers

Assessment of Healthcare Service Satisfaction among National Health Insurance Fund Beneficiaries: Case of Musoma Municipal.

This study assesses healthcare service satisfaction among National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) beneficiaries in Musoma Municipal, Tanzania, focusing on three objectives: (1) evaluating the assurance of healthcare service satisfaction, (2) exploring health workers’ responsiveness, and (3) investigating the role of social welfare officers in advocating healthcare rights among NHIF beneficiaries. Grounded in the SERVQUAL theory, the research adopts a pragmatic philosophical approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. A sample of 302 NHIF beneficiaries was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan formula, with simple random sampling applied to beneficiaries and purposive sampling for service providers, NHIF staff, and social welfare officers. Quantitative data were collected via structured questionnaires (analyzed using SPSS version 24), while qualitative data from semi-structured interviews were analyzed thematically. Key findings revealed that 78% of beneficiaries were aware of healthcare service assurance mechanisms, while 22% lacked awareness. Four factors significantly correlated with low satisfaction: drug shortages (31%), long waiting times (29%), limited diagnostic equipment (18%), and insufficient specialized services (22%). Additionally, 79% reported disrespectful treatment, 92% cited delayed information provision, 89% found provided information unclear, and 90% perceived a lack of empathy from providers. Concerns about dignity (94%), autonomy (89%), and confidentiality (75%) were also prevalent. The study highlights gaps in NHIF service delivery and offers recommendations for improvement. It emphasizes the importance of staff training, better resource allocation, and enhanced oversight by social welfare officers to ensure services meet beneficiary expectations. Keywords: healthcare service, NHIF beneficiaries, Musoma Municipal, Tanzani

Examine Heads of Primary Schools Capabilities in Supervising the Administration of Corporal Punishment to Pupils in Mbeya District Council.

The study titled "Examining heads of primary schools' capabilities in supervising the administration of corporal punishment to pupils in Mbeya District Council" was guided by three specific objectives: to investigate the effect of corporal punishment practiced in primary schools, to investigate the roles of social workers in preventing the administration of corporal punishment, and the challenges facing heads of primary schools in managing pupil's discipline. The study was guided by social learning theory, and pragmatic philosophy, compatible with descriptive research design was used. A sample size of 100 research subjects was selected to inform the study. The quantitative data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed descriptive statistics using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), while the qualitative data were collected using interviews and thematic analysis analyzed. The study revealed that failure to supervise the administration of corporal punishment to pupils leads to harmful effects in all dimensions of pupils. The main challenges faced by the heads of primary schools include poor policy guidelines, poor support from parents, and multiple responsibilities by the school heads. Social workers' critical roles involve providing support and counseling, helping pupils address their difficulties to keep them performing well, and providing mental health intervention. The study concluded that heads of primary schools should be trained in Discipline Management, including supervising teachers on the administration of Corporal Punishment and finding another alternative. Finally, the study recommends that teachers be given induction seminars and training on capacity building to heads of schools, and newly appointed heads be provided training on leadership and corporal punishment policy guidelines for all teachers

An Assessment of the Challenges and Success of Police Gender Desk to Reduce Gender Based Violence in Dodoma City.

Police gender desks were established in the police stations of Tanzania in order to address gender based violence (GBV) in the country. This study assessed the challenges and success of police gender desks to reduce gender based violence in Dodoma City. Specifically, the study described the causes of GBV and the issues that reported to the police gender desks, assessed on how the reported GBV are handled, determined the challenges encountered and recommend the strategies to eliminate gender based violence in the community. This study involved 80 respondents; 60 were women victims and 20 were the key informants. Data were collected using questionnaire and semi-structured interview. The findings indicate that gender based violence mainly occurs due to existence of bad customs and traditions, male dominance and patriarchal system, superstition belief and lack of economic resources. In exploring the way reported gender-based violence cases were handled from both women victims and key informants, the study revealed that the victims were given lawyer assistance and compensation and education on the impacts of gender-based violence to the victims, lastly bringing the GBV perpetuator to the court for case filing and hearing. The study revealed some success and challenges. The study finds success such as reduction in number of GBV cases, educating the mass and strengthens the relationship between PGDO and members of the society. The study highlighted the challenges facing the gender desk. The study recommended an increase in the budget allocation by the government and deployment of more police officers. Also, the community should cooperate with the government, NGOs and other stakeholders to put more efforts to fight against GBV. Keywords: Gender, Gender-Based Violence, Police Gender Desks, Police Gender Desk Designing

Effect of Social Media on Public Awareness Programmes : A Case of LATRA and TASAC in Tanzania.

The study examined the roles of social media on public awareness programmes. The study was conducted at Land Transport Regulatory Authority (LATRA) and Tanzania Shipping Agencies Corporation (TASAC), Tanzania.The general objective of this study was to investigate on the effects of social media on public awareness programmes. The study was guided by four objectives; to analyse the roles of social media on public awareness programmes, to examine the extent to social Media usage on public awareness programmes; to identify its effects on public awareness programmes, and to find out challenges and opportunities associated with utilizing social media for public awareness programmes. Basing on the nature of the study, the researcher adopted a case study research design; using quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. The data collected using interviews, observation and questionnaires. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS under the help of frequencies and percentages. The study used a sample size of 82 who were obtained through purposive and random sampling techniques. The findings found out that organizations use websites, social media pages like Instagram, Facebook, X (twitter), in educating and informing the audience on programmes, and allowing interaction with the audience on the campaign. Social media has also led to spread of misinformation and fake news on some programmes. Poor internet connection and internet costs were the common challenge faced majority of social media users in rural and urban areas. The study concluded that social media has enabled organizations like LATRA and TASAC to reach beyond geographical boundaries instantly at low costs compared to the use of TV, Newspapers and radio. The study recommended that, government and other stakeholders should cooperate in improving internet connection, so as to allow even the rural communities to access to public awareness programmes through social media

To Assess the Influence of Accounting Information System on Financial Performance of Small Scale Enterprises: The Case of Temeke Municipal Traders.

The main objective of this study is to assess the influence of accounting information system on financial performance of small scale enterprises. In order to come up with the intended study results, researcher used the following specific objectives. To evaluate the current status of the accounting information system in small and medium enterprises, to evaluate the current status of decision making efficiency in small and medium enterprises and investigate the level of integration of the AIS impact on decision making efficiency. Researcher targeted 150 study respondents who were small and medium enterprises located in Dar es Salaam. Researcher Temeke district. Researcher used purposive sampling technique as a data collection technique. Descriptive statistics using tables and bar graphs and pie charts and regression statistical tool used to analyze data collected from the field. The findings from the frequency tables and pie chart indicate that most of respondents agree with the statement saying that “AIS contributes to the accuracy of financial data and financial performance of small and medium enterprises. In case of the efficiency of decision making in organization the overall results indicate that the decision making process in organization is efficient after using the accounting information system. Regression results found that the integration of accounting information systems with other business systems also contributes to business performance of small anf medium enterprises. Researcher concludes that specific decision making areas integrated with accounting information system positively influenced efficiency of the organization. Keywords: Accounting Records, Small-scale Businesses and Types of Accounting Record