THE MODELAGEM DE EMOÇÕES ESTÉTICAS POR ALUNOS JÚNIOR NA AULA DE MÚSICA

The article explores the problem of understanding the essence of aesthetic emotions and their connection with artistic and expressive means in musical art by junior pupils. The main objectives of the process of modeling aesthetic emotions by junior pupils in music class are determined. The paper cites parts of junior school music classes in which the pupils got acquainted with a matrix that allows identifying the moods and feelings expressed by different kinds of music, analyzes the means of musical expressiveness, and creates a model of the aesthetic emotions of the sublime and the comic. The rationale for using the methods of plastic and color modeling of music in the process of comprehending the content is explained.El artículo explora el problema de comprender la esencia de las emociones estéticas y su conexión con los medios artísticos y expresivos en el arte musical de los alumnos menores. Se determinan los objetivos principales del proceso de modelado de emociones estéticas por parte de los alumnos menores en la clase de música. El documento cita partes de las clases de música de la escuela secundaria en las que los alumnos se familiarizaron con una matriz que permite identificar los estados de ánimo y los sentimientos expresados por diferentes tipos de música, analiza los medios de expresividad musical y crea un modelo de las emociones estéticas de lo sublime. y el cómic Se explica la justificación del uso de los métodos de modelado plástico y de color de la música en el proceso de comprensión del contenido.O artigo explora o problema de compreender a essência das emoções estéticas e sua conexão com os meios artísticos e expressivos na arte musical pelos alunos juniores. Os principais objetivos do processo de modelar emoções estéticas por alunos juniores na aula de música são determinados. O artigo cita partes das aulas de música nas escolas primárias, nas quais os alunos se familiarizam com uma matriz que permite identificar os humores e sentimentos expressos por diferentes tipos de música, analisa os meios de expressividade musical e cria um modelo das emoções estéticas do sublime e os quadrinhos. A justificativa para o uso dos métodos de modelagem plástica e de cores da música no processo de compreensão do conteúdo é explicada

Nonspecific response of Lake Baikal phytoplankton to anthropogenic impact

In this study, we present the first results on oxidation stress in Lake Baikal phytoplankton and its adaptation to environmental changes under anthropogenic impact. As was shown, the changing of the dominant species of phytoplankton collected from the surface water layer (~0.3 m) took place from February to June 2021. Phytoplankton were collected at a nearshore station (a littoral station at a distance of ~0.01 km from the shoreline, depth to bottom is ~5 m) and an offshore station (a pelagic station at a distance of ~1 km from the shoreline, depth to bottom is ~543 m). In February, dinoflagellates were dominant (~40 %) as well as diatoms (≤33 %) and green algae (≤12 %). Their biomass was 100 mg·m–3. In March, chrysophytes were dominant (up to 50 %) as well as cryptophytes (≤43 %) and dinoflagellates (≤30 %). Their biomass was 160–270 mg·m–3. In April, biomass increased up to 700–3100 mg·m–3 with the dominance of large cell dinoflagellates (up to 99 %), chrysophytes (up to 50 %), and cryptophytes (up to 35 %). By the end of the first decade of May, the percentage of dinoflagellates decreased and that of cryptophytes increased. In the second decade of May, the percentage of diatoms increased up to ~26–38 % but phytoplankton biomass was minimal (13–30 mg·m–3). By June, the percentage of diatoms in the samples reached 44–75 % at 60–550 mg·m–3. The oxidation stress of phytoplankton as a nonspecific adaptive response to a prolonged, intensive, or recurrent effect of a stress factor was estimated from the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The mean content of these substances (markers of the lipid peroxidation) was determined spectrophotometrically. The oxidation stress of phytoplankton was revealed only when diatom algae dominated. It can be explained by adaptation of algae of other classes to the stress factor. The content of the lipid peroxidation markers in the coastal phytoplankton collected close to the settlement of Listvyanka known as a large touristic center was estimated from 100 to 500 μg·g–1 of dry weight of sample. During the period of diatom blooming in 2016 and 2018, oxidation stress of phytoplankton collected near large settlements was found. In phytoplankton from deep-water pelagic stations most remote from settlements, stress was not revealed. Using the method of gas chromatography, we showed a lower (up to 15 %) content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in phytoplankton characterized by stress occurrence. This confirms cell membrane damages. In Lake Baikal surface water, we found a higher content of synthetic anionic surfactants (sodium alkylbenzene sulfonates), which are components of detergents and cause oxidation stress of hydrobionts (up to 30 ± 4 μg·L–1). The presence of these substances in a water ecosystem can result in exhausting of phytoplankton cell resources, homeostasis imbalance, stress, pathological changes, and rearrangements in phytoplankton assemblage

Fortification of food with micronutrients: development of methodological and regulatory framework in the Russian Federation

The available scientific literature, domestic and international regulatory codes of normative documents concerning the fortification of various types of food products have been analyzed. The groups of food products of conventional and regular consumption included into the diets of all categories of consumers, recommended for fortification with essential micronutrients, have been determined: wheat and cereal flour (spelt wheat, buckwheat, oat, corn flour, etc.); pastry; milk and dairy products, including ice cream; non-alcoholic soft drinks; mineralized drinking water; fruit and vegetable juices; fat and oil products (vegetable oils, margarines, spreads, mayonnaise); confectionery and sweets (pastry, sugar, chocolate); cereals (breakfast cereals, muesli, ready-to-eat extruded cereals, instant pasta and cereals, mixtures for bakery, flour for sweet pastry); food concentrates (jelly, instant drinks, concentrates of sweet foods, instant food, instant cereal concentrates); table salt. The groups of food products assigned for certain categories of population are used as part of therapeutic diets for patients with various diseases (metabolic disorder syndrome, cardio-vascular system pathology with atherosclerotic vascular injury, type 2 diabetes mellitus, gastrointestinal tract diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetic nephropathy, etc.), as well as assigned to reduce the risk of diseases developing, the nutrients are recommended for targeted fortification of certain types of food. Examples of micronutrients fortification of sausages and minced meat semifinished products are given below. Requirements for fortification of mass consumption food products and for fortification of foods for special dietary uses are formulated in this article, the amount of fortifying components in the various groups of food products are justified, ensuring their efficiency for improving the micronutrient status and safety of its consumption. Based on the analysis of the available scientific literature, domestic and international regulatory framework of normative documents on fortification of various types of food products, recommendations have been developed for fortification of food with micronutrients

Project approach to training teachers for secondary vocational education

При проектном подходе к подготовке педагогических кадров для среднего профессионального образования изменяются взаимоотношения между заказчиками – учебными заведениями СПО и профессионально-педагогическим вузом, отвечающим за подготовку квалифицированных педагогов профессионального обученияThe design approach to the preparation of teachers for secondary vocational education changed the relationship between customers – educational institutions of secondary vocational and vocational-pedagogical University responsible for the training of qualified, meeting the requirements of the act, teachers of vocational trainin

Возраст грязевой брекчии грязев ых вулканов Академического хреб та озера Байка

Lake Baikal is the only freshwater reservoir on Earth with gas-hydrate accumulations in its bottom sediments, partly due to the activity of mud volcanoes. This paper describes a group of mud volcanoes recently discovered on the slope of the Academician Ridge between the northern and central Lake Baikal basins. Our analysis of diatom skeletons in the mud breccia sampled from the study area shows a high abundance of Cyclotella iris et var. These extinct species were also discovered in a core sample from BDP-98 borehole. Based on the biostratigraphic and seis-mostratigraphic correlations, the age of the mud breccia in the studied mud volcanoes ranges from the Late Miocene to the Early Pliocene (4.6 to 5.6 Ma). The correlations suggest that the material originated from a depth of less than 310 m below the lake bottom

New Online Ecology of Adversarial Aggregates: ISIS and beyond

Support for extremist entities - whether from the far right, or far left - often manages to survive globally online despite significant external pressure, and may ultimately inspire violent acts by individuals having no obvious prior history of extremism. Examining longitudinal records of extremist online activity, we uncovered an ecology evolving on a daily timescale that drives online support, and we provide a mathematical theory that describes it. The ecology features self-organized aggregates (online groups such as on Facebook or another social media analog) that proliferate preceding the onset of recent real-world campaigns, and adopt novel adaptive mechanisms to enhance their survival. One of the predictions is that development of large, potentially potent online groups can be thwarted by targeting smaller ones.Comment: Similar to version that appeared in Science (2016

Viability of causative pathogen in patients with drug-sensitive and drug-resistant forms of respiratory tuberculosis

To predict outcomes of tuberculosis we investigated the viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in relation to drug resistance of strains and clinical manifestations of tuberculosis. During the study on solid Löwenstein - Jensen medium, we determined the speed, growth rate and drug resistance of MBT in 5945 cultures, isolated from the sputum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis - residents of the Irkutsk region (2193 -from newly diagnosed patients, 3752 - from previously treated patients). The criterion of high viability of MBT was the growth rate of >100 colonies over 20 days; and low viability corresponded with the growth rate of 30 days. 2171 cultures (36.5 %) had high viability of MBT strains, 3021 (50.8 %) - low, and 753 (12.7 %) cultures had average degree of viability. A high degree of pathogen viability was more often determined in newly diagnosed patients with tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes (all patients with HIV-infection without antiretroviral therapy), fibrotic-cavernous and infiltrative tuberculosis. Among previously treated patients with tuberculosis the high viability of MBT was often determined in patients with fibrous-cavernous and infiltrative tuberculosis, and caseous pneumonia. Cultures from previously treated patients with tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes had low degree of viability. The number of drug-sensitive strains was 1992, drug-resistant ones - 3953, including 1430 strains with multidrug resistance. We have found that 37.5 % drug-resistant strains associated with a high degree of viability (multidrug resistance - 38.5 %), it's was more often than the drug-sensitive (35.4 %; p < 0.01)

Экологическое состояние животноводства и птицеводства в приграничных районах России и Юго-Восточной Финляндии

Intensifi cation of agricultural production increases the burden on the environment. Modern management and planning of agricultural activity requires a comprehensive assessment of the environmental status of the industry. (Research purpose) To develop recommendations for improving the environmental safety of agricultural production based on the implementation of the best available technologies, methods for monitoring and controlling technological processes for the disposal of organic animal waste. (Materials and methods) The authors studied agricultural enterprises, their specialization and production capacities, technologies for manure and litter utilization. The studies included an assessment of enterprises according to the criteria approved in the recommendations of Helsinki Commission for the Baltic Sea. The authors used standard methods for processing statistical, fi eld and personal data. (Results and discussion) The authors conducted a state analysis of the agro-industrial complex of Leningrad Region in terms of the organic waste formation from animal husbandry and poultry farming, and evaluated the potential for their use. They studied 142 large complexes, which produce more than 90 percent of livestock and poultry products. The average livestock density in Leningrad Region is 2.2 conventional heads per hectare of cultivated agricultural land. They showed that there are 22,200 households in southern Finland, 79 percent of which are plant growing enterprises that are engaged in small-scale production. They took into account the specifi c features of the studied territories in terms of nutrient load and proposed a system of environmental impact regulation. (Conclusions) The authors developed 4 main recommendation sections to reduce the risks of biogenic environmental pollution: the development of an industrial environmental control system based on technological regulations; mastering the system of regional monitoring and coordination of work with organic fertilizers; adoption and implementation of a program of livestock enterprises technological and technical modernization in terms of the organic waste disposal; creation of demonstration platforms for environmental specialists advanced training in the implementation of modern technological solutions.Интенсификация аграрного производства увеличивает нагрузку на окружающую среду. Современное управление и планирование сельскохозяйственной деятельности требует комплексной оценки экологического состояния отрасли. (Цель исследования) Разработать рекомендации для повышения экологической безопасности сельхозпроизводства на основе внедрения наилучших доступных технологий, методов мониторинга и управления технологическими процессами утилизации органических отходов животноводства. (Материалы и методы) Изучили сельскохозяйственные предприятия, их специализацию и производственные мощности, технологии утилизации навоза и помета. Включили в исследования оценку предприятий по критериям, утвержденным в рекомендациях Хельсинской комиссии по Балтийскому морю. Применили стандартные методы обработки статистических, натурных и анкетных данных. (Результаты и обсуждение) Провели анализ состояния агропромышленного комплекса Ленинградской области в части образования органических отходов животноводства и птицеводства, оценили потенциал их использования. Исследовали 142 крупных комплекса, на которых производится более 90 процентов продукции животноводства и птицеводства. Средняя плотность поголовья животных в Ленинградской области составляет 2,2 условной головы на один гектар обрабатываемых сельскохозяйственных земель. Показали, что в Южной Финляндии насчитывается 22200 хозяйств, из них 79 процентов – растениеводческие, которые занимаются мелкотоварным производством. Учли особенности исследуемых территорий по биогенной нагрузке и предложили систему регулирования воздействия на окружающую среду (Выводы) Разработали 4 основных раздела рекомендаций по снижению рисков биогенного загрязнения окружающей среды: освоение системы производственного экологического контроля на основе технологических регламентов; освоение системы регионального мониторинга и координации работы с органическими удобрениями; принятие и выполнение программы технологической и технической модернизации животноводческих предприятий в части утилизации органических отходов; создание демонстрационных площадок для повышения квалификации специалистов по экологическим вопросам внедрения современных технологических решений

Climate changes in East Siberia (Russia) in the Holocene based on diatom, chironomid and pollen records from the sediments of Lake Kotokel

We analysed a 620-cm-long sediment record from Lake Kotokel located in East Siberia (Russia) for subfossil diatoms, chironomids and pollen to provide a reconstruction of the climate history of the area for the last 12. 2 kyr. The subfossil records show differing time lags in their responses to climate change; diatoms and chironomids were more sensitive to climate change than the pollen record. Changes in the biogenic proxies seem related with changes in insolation, the temperature of the North Atlantic and solar activity. The chironomids Chironomus plumosus-type and Einfeldia carbonaria-type and the diatom Aulacoseira granulata were interpreted as markers of warm climate condition. The proxy records were divided into four periods (A, B, C and D) suggesting differing climate in East Siberia during the Holocene. Period D (12. 2-9. 5 kyr BP) at the beginning of the Holocene, according to chironomid and diatom records, was characterized by warm climate with summer temperatures close to modern. However, forest vegetation had not become fully established yet. During Period C (9. 5-5. 8 kyr BP), the climate seemed to gradually become colder and wetter from the beginning of Period C to 7 kyr BP. From 7 to 5. 8 kyr BP, the climate seemed to remain cold, but aridity increased. Period B (5. 8-1. 7 kyr BP) was characterised by frequent and sharp alternations between warm and cold conditions. Unstable conditions during this time are also registered in records from Lakes Baikal, Khubsugul and various other shallow lakes of the region. Optimal warm and wet conditions seemed to occur ca. 4 kyr BP. During Period A (the last 1. 5 kyr) the diatom and chironomid records show evidence of cold conditions at 1. 5-1 kyr BP, but the forest vegetation did not change significantly. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V