Active beamforming network design

This paper describe the design and implementation of multi beam antenna array using active beam forming network for wireless local area networks (WLAN) operating at 2.4 GHz band frequency. In this paper, four beam patterns generated by incorporated a rectangular patch antenna array with active beam forming network using switch line phase shifter. The radiation patterns measurement of multibeam antenna using active beam forming is compared with passive beam forming network using butler matrix. It shows that the multibeam antenna can be produced using this active beam forming network by switching the RF diode towards the required phase shift of the circuit. The comparison between active and passive beamforming have been made and discuss

Intragenomic diversity and geographical adaptability of diploid cotton species revealed by cytogenetic studies

Cotton is one of the most important crops in Iran, and is cultivated in different regions of the country. Gossypium herbaceum is one of the A-genome cottons, which is a potentially important geneticresource for cotton breeding programs. Collecting native cultivars of this species growing in different regions is a vital step in broadening variability of the gene pool. The G. herbaceum is one of the twocultivated species under cultivation in Iran, which is specifically adapted to a given environment and includes more than 40 ecotypes, named as landrace cottons. The present paper reports theintragenomic characteristics analysis of 42 G. herbaceum cultivars in the cotton genebank using cytological methods. The karyological studies showed variations within the species in the size ofchromosome, chromosome volume and karyotype formulae. All cultivars possessed 2n=26 chromosome, but varied with regard to number of SAT-chromosomes (ranging from 1 to 3) and the chromosomes carrying secondary constructions. Karyotypes were of symmetrical type, having small chromosomes. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the cultivars as well as the chromosomes. Cluster analysis could group the cultivars in four distinct clusters. The present study indicates genomic differences among diploid G. herbaceum cultivars, which can be used in cotton hybridization programs in Iran or other countries

Impact of Egypt's economic reform programme on the stock market performance

This is a digitised version of a thesis that was deposited in the University Library. If you are the author and you have a query about this item please contact PEARL Admin ([email protected])Merged with duplicate record (10026.1/848) on 03.01.2017 by CS (TIS)The objective of this thesis is to highlight the Egyptian experiment concerning its economic reform programme, and to determine whether this programme has affected Egypt's stock market performance. Using 18 years of data, which covered the period 1980/8 1 to 1997/98 and incorporates time periods prior to and after adopting the economic reform programme, the thesis empirically investigates three main issues. Firstly, there is an examination of whether the Egyptian government succeeded in implementing its economic reform programme by looking to the main economic indicators: nominal interest rates, real interest rates, the inflation rate, exchange rate stability, the real GDP growth rate, per capita income and the budget deficit in Egypt after 1991, and comparing them with the same indicators prior to this period. Secondly, the thesis considers the changes in Egypt's stock market after the introduction of the economic reform programme by measuring the changes in four main dimensions: market activity, market size, market liquidity and market concentration. Thirdly, and this is the main part of the thesis, the research concentrates on examining the impact of Egypt's economic reform programme on its stock market performance. For the first two issues, several logistic regressions are performed to determine whether the data prior to 1991 can be separated from the data relating to the period after 1991. The results from this analysis indicate clearly that both type of data series witnessed dramatic changes after 1991. As to the third issue, cointegration analysis is used to model the relationship between economic reform programme variables and the stock market performance variables within an error correction model form. Generally speaking, the results from this analysis demonstrate that economic variables have an impact upon various features of market activity, market size, market liquidity and market concentration. An important observation in this thesis is that Egypt still needs to accelerate its rate of growth, as it was the only independent variable, which did not show any significant change or significant impact upon the stock market performance variables.The Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Egyp

Design of a Web-Based Appointment for Patient of Optometry Department at El-Beida Hospital, Libya.

It has shown that the advent of World Wide Web has revolutionized the business processes and assists the information dissemination especially in hospital all over the world. This project research on the problem that is currently facing the patients of optometry department in El-Beidal hospital Libya where patients are finding it difficult to receive medical care due to the old method of medical treatment that are in practice. A prototype is developed to help the patients in communicating and booking appointment with medical officers in Optometry Department of El-Beidal hospital Libya irrespective of time and their location. The system was tested by the prospective users and found that it is easy to use

Shortest Path Routing Using Heuristic Search

Shortest Path problems are inevitable in road network applications such as city emergency handling and drive guiding system, in where the optimal routing have to be found. To achieve the best path, there are many algorithms which are more or less effective, depending on the particular case. Efficiency depends not only on the time needed for calculation, but also on the reliability of the result. A* algorithm is able to return the best path (if it exists) between two nodes, according to accessibility/ orientation and, of course, cost of arcs. In this project A* algorithm was used, to suggest shortest path model between two selected points to find the fastest and shortest route on Malaysia map. This prototype then guides the users according to their interest and work

Polyploidization effect in two diploid cotton (Gossypium herbaceum L. and G. arboreum L.) species by colchicine treatments

Anti-mitotic agents such as colchicine have been used to induce polyploidy in various plants. Here we examined the effects of different doses of colchicine on polyploidy induction in two cotton species(Gossypium herbaceum and Gossypium arboreum). The data reveal that the dose of colchicine, treatment duration, genotype and their combined effects on the induction of polyploidy and plant growth rate were statistically significant. Increase of either the concentration of colchicine or treatment duration showed adverse affects on seed viability in both species examined. The colchicine treatmentis more effective when the length of hypocotyls is between 4-7 mm. The buds of G. arboreum treated with 0.9% colchicine exhibited more tetraploid cells sixteen hours post treatment. Among threemethods employed, in vitro treatment of embryos can be conducted in a little space and needs a little amount of colchicines. However, high risk of contamination and high sensitivity of embryos to colchicine is a draw back of this method. Treatment of intact meristems with colchicine requires more amounts of the material and increases the risk of adverse environmental effects. Furthermore, plants treated with this method are susceptible to environmental stimuli including high temperature andshould be kept away from direct sunlight. Together, our data reveal that treatment of the cotton seeds with colchicine was more efficient and reliable compared to other methods examined. The optimumdose of colchicine and the incubation time should be adjusted for each variety under various environmental conditions

Crystal structure of ethyl 2-[2-((1E)-{(1E)-2-[2-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethoxy)benzyl-idene]hydrazin-1-ylidene}methyl)phen-oxy]acetate

NSF–MRI grant No. 1228232 for the purchase of the diffractometer and Tulane University for support of the Tulane Crystallography Laboratory are gratefully acknowledged.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Comparison of Data Mining Techniques for Predicting Compressive Strength of Environmentally Friendly Concrete

This material may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the American Society of Civil Engineers. This material may be found at https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29CP.1943-5487.0000596 With its growing emphasis on sustainability, the construction industry is increasingly interested in environmentally friendly concrete produced by using alternative and/or recycled waste materials. However, the wide application of such concrete is hindered by the lack of understanding of the impacts of these materials on concrete properties. This research investigates and compares the performance of nine data mining models in predicting the compressive strength of a new type of concrete containing three alternative materials as fly ash, Haydite lightweight aggregate, and portland limestone cement. These models include three advanced predictive models (multilayer perceptron, support vector machines, and Gaussian processes regression), four regression tree models (M5P, REPTree, M5-Rules, and decision stump), and two ensemble methods (additive regression and bagging) with each of the seven individual models used as the base classifier

Spinal Muscular Atrophy from Northern Iran: A Clinical and Genetic Spectrum of Ten Patients

AbstractObjectiveAutosomal recessive spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is, after cystic fibrosis, the second most common fatal monogenic disorder and the second most common hereditary neuromuscular disease after duchenne dystrophy. The disease is characterized by degeneration of anterior horn cells leading to progressive paralysis with muscular atrophy. Depending on the clinical type (Werdnig- Hoffmann = type I, intermediate form = type II, Kugelberg-Welander = type III), some workers also have delineated an adult form of SMA (SMA type 4).SMA causes early death or increasing disability in childhood. The aim of this investigation was to describe the clinical findings of patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) with survival motor neuron (SMN) gene deletion.Materials & methodsThis is a descriptive study conducted on 10 patients of SMA, confirmed by deletion of the SMN gene. All 10 patients had symmetrical muscle weakness, which was diffuse in those with onset of symptoms up to 1 months of age, and either proximal or predominant in lower limbs. Frequency determination of positive clinical and laboratory data was done according to revised diagnostic criteria.ResultsIt was found that all patients with SMA had homozygous deletions of exons 7 and 8 of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, which is one of the candidate genes identified within 5q13. Fasciculations, atrophy and decreased DTR were frequent findings. Laboratory metabolic tests and all brain CT scans were normal. EMG and NCV findings, all showed normal motor and Sensory NCV and denervation of muscles of upper and lower extremities were compatible with a diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy.ConclusionOur results confirm that SMN1 copy number analysis is an important parameter for identification of couples at risk of having a child affected with SMA and reduces unwarranted prenatal diagnosis for SMA