647 research outputs found
Clinical and service implications of a cognitive analytic therapy model of psychosis
Cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) is an integrative, interpersonal model of therapy predicated on a radically social concept of self, developed over recent years in the UK by Anthony Ryle. A CAT-based model of psychotic disorder has been developed much more recently based on encouraging early experience in this area. The model describes and accounts for many psychotic experiences and symptoms in terms of distorted, amplified or muddled enactments of normal or âneuroticâ reciprocal role procedures (RRPs) and of damage at a meta-procedural level to the structures of the self.
Reciprocal role procedures are understood in CAT to represent the outcome of the process of internalization of early, sign-mediated, interpersonal experience and to constitute the basis for all mental activity, normal or otherwise. Enactments of maladaptive RRPs generated by early interpersonal stress are seen in this model to constitute a form of âinternal expressed emotionâ. Joint description of these RRPs and their enactments (both internally and externally) and their subsequent revision is central to the practice of CAT during which they are mapped out through written and diagrammatic reformulations.
This model may usefully complement and extend existing approaches, notably recent CBT-based interventions, particularly with âdifficultâ patients, and generate meaningful and helpful understandings of these disorders for both patients and their treating teams. We suggest that use of a coherent and robust model such as CAT could have important clinical and service implications in terms of developing and researching models of these disorders as well as for the training of multidisciplinary teams in their effective treatment
Finding focus in a difficult landscape: Therapistsâ experiences with challenging video guidance processes for parentâinfant dyads
Marte Meo video guidance uses filmed interaction of the actual parentâinfant dyad in the guidance of caregivers. Exploring the challenges that therapists meet in the guidance of parentâinfant dyads may illuminate important aspects of the method itself as well as the therapistsâ role and requirements. This could lead to method development and improved practice, but is hitherto little addressed. In this paper, we explore how skilled therapists experience and handle challenging or failing guidance processes with parentâinfant dyads. We analyzed interviews with 13 Marte Meo therapists/supervisors using team-based reflexive thematic analysis. Four main themes were identified: promoting relational growth in a coercive context, building an alliance that feels safe for the parents, looking at positive moments in difficult lives, and handling intense feelings as a therapist. Our findings show that therapists experience specific therapeutic and ethical challenges with a vulnerable subgroup of parentâinfant dyads where child protective issues arise, where caregiversâ insecurities impede the therapeutic relationship, and where caregivers have unsolved relational or mental health problems. The therapistsâ role becomes pivotal and demanding with regard to the therapeutic alliance, the therapeutic interventions in the guidance process, and their own need for regulation, supervision, and structure. Identification of these vulnerable dyads early in the process could facilitate a better adaptation and practice of video guidance. Our findings suggest a need for supporting structures, clinical supervision, and training that address these challenges.publishedVersio
Pseudoscalar Glueball Mass: QCD vs. Lattice Gauge Theory Prediction
We study whether the pseudoscalar glueball mass in full QCD can differ from
the prediction of quenched lattice calculations. Using properties of the
correlator of the vacuum topological susceptibility we derive an expression for
the upper bound on the QCD glueball mass. We show that the QCD pseudoscalar
glueball is lighter than the pure Yang-Mills theory glueball studied in
quenched lattice calculations. The mass difference between those two states is
of order of . The value calculated for the QCD glueball mass
can not be reconciled with any physical state observed so far in the
corresponding channel. The glueball decay constant and its production rate in
radiative decays are calculated. The production rate is large enough
to be studied experimentally.Comment: 18 pages, LaTex fil
Tentativa de integração entre algumas concepçÔes bĂĄsicas da psicanĂĄlise e da neurociĂȘncia
A comparative analysis of body psychotherapy and dance movement psychotherapy from a European perspective
How Elephants are Opening Doors: Developmental Neuroethology, Attachment and Social Context
A Mother's Attitude Towards Her Infant and Child Behaviour Five Years Later
Objective The relationship between maternal attitude to the infant at 6 months of age and behavioural outcomes at 5 years is explored, controlling for numerous demographic, child and psychosocial family factors. Method Data was used from the Mater-University Study of Pregnancy, an Australian longitudinal study of over 7000 mothers and children followed from pregnancy to when the children were 5 years. Measures ranging from the key variables of maternal attitude and child behaviour as well as numerous confounders were dichotomised. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the relationship between maternal negative attitude toward the infant and clinically significant levels of child behaviour problems and other infant risks, early social risks, and concurrent social risks. Results The results suggest that maternal negative attitude towards the infant at 6 months is an independent predictor of child behaviour problems at 5 years. This association remained significant for boys' externalizing behaviours and girls' internalizing behaviours. Conclusions The findings lend support to the concept of a sensitive period in early infancy; the need for a broad perspective in the assessment of the mother-infant relationship and the need for early intervention with dysfunctional mother-infant dyads
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide in Context
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander suicide has been an issue of national public health and mental health concern for only one decade, having increased dramatically from levels that were very low in the late 1980s to levels of young adult male suicide that are now substantially higher than for the non-indigenous population. In this review the authors socially and historically contextualize these changes, identifying the causal frameworks adopted in developing interventions, and present an explanation in narrative and pictorial form that draws on critical family-centered trauma
Modern Attachment Theory: The Central Role of Affect Regulation in Development and Treatment
Identifying risks for male street gang affiliation: a systematic review and narrative synthesis
Gang violence has increased in recent years. Individuals are becoming gang affiliated younger, and many have suffered historic maltreatment. Subsequent exposure to violence can result in profound consequences, including acute psychological harm. This review aims to identify predictive risk factors for male street gang affiliation. A systematic literature search was conducted utilising PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the Social Policy and Practice databases (from the databasesâ inception to 03/04/15). From this search, n=244 peer-reviewed papers were included in an initial scoping review, and n=102 thereafter met criteria for a systematic review; a narrative synthesis follows. Gang members have typically faced numerous historic adversities across multiple domains; individual, family, peers, school and community. Cumulative factors generated an independent risk. The meta-narrative described an overarching failure to safeguard vulnerable individuals, with the motivation for gang affiliation hypothetically arising from an attempt to have their basic needs met. Clinical and research recommendations were made to inform early intervention policy and practice
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