Subdynamics as a mechanism for objective description

The relationship between microsystems and macrosystems is considered in the context of quantum field formulation of statistical mechanics: it is argued that problems on foundations of quantum mechanics can be solved relying on this relationship. This discussion requires some improvement of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics that is briefly presented.Comment: latex, 15 pages. Paper submitted to Proc. Conference "Mysteries, Puzzles And Paradoxes In Quantum Mechanics, Workshop on Entanglement And Decoherence, Palazzo Feltrinelli, Gargnano, Garda Lake, Italy, 20-25 September, 199

Aufbereitung von optischen Messdaten zur Analyse der asymmetrischen inkrementellen Blechumformung (AIBU)

Ziel unseres Projektes ist die statistische Analyse der bisher wenig erforschten asymmetrischen inkrementellen Blechumformung (AIBU). Ein elementares Problem hierbei ist die Quanti zierung der Qualität eines gefertigten Bauteils. Da der AIBU-Prozess ein inkrementeller Prozess ist, spielt die Qualität der gesamten dreidimensionalen Geometrie des Fertigteils eine Rolle. Nur wenn sie gänzlich quanti ziert werden kann, ist eine Untersuchung der Prozessdynamik möglich. Die dreidimensionale Vermessung des Fertigteils ist jedoch mit den herkömmlichen (taktilen) Messmethoden nur schwer möglich, daher stellen wir in diesem Diskussionspapier ein Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von optischen Messdaten vor, welches eine solche Analyse ermöglicht. Hierbei wird die Geometrie der Bauteile zunächst optisch komplett vermessen. Aufbauend auf diesen Messungen werden in einem mehrstu figen Ansatz die Messdaten mittels statistischer Methoden aufbereitet, um Artefakte heraus zu filtern, Ober- und Unterseiten zu trennen und schließlich auch die Wandstärken zu bestimmen. Kennt man die exakte Geometrie des Fertigteils und dessen Wandstärke über die gesamte Oberfläche, können hieraus leicht Qualitätskennzahlen errechnet werden. In Kapitel 2 werden zunächst die prozesstechnischen Grundlagen der AIBU und deren Prozessparameter und Einflussfaktoren eingeführt. In Kapitel 3 wird das in diesem Papier verwendete Experiment und die Messmethodik erklärt. Das Kapitel 4 befasst sich dann detailliert mit den einzelnen Schritten der Messdatenaufbereitung. Das letzte Kapitel diskutiert die Reproduzierbarkeit und Verlässlichkeit der vorgestellten Methode

Improved water vapour retrieval from AMSU-B and MHS in the Arctic

Abstract. Monitoring of water vapour in the Arctic on long timescales is essential for predicting Arctic weather and understanding climate trends, as well as addressing its influence on the positive feedback loop contributing to Arctic amplification. However, this is challenged by the sparseness of in situ measurements and the problems that standard remote sensing retrieval methods for water vapour have in Arctic conditions. Here, we present advances in a retrieval algorithm for vertically integrated water vapour (total water vapour, TWV) in polar regions from data of satellite-based microwave humidity sounders: (1) in addition to AMSU-B (Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-B), we can now also use data from the successor instrument MHS (Microwave Humidity Sounder), and (2) artefacts caused by high cloud ice content in convective clouds are filtered out. Comparison to in situ measurements using GPS and radiosondes during 2008 and 2009, as well as to radiosondes during the N-ICE2015 campaign and to ERA5 reanalysis, show the overall good performance of the updated algorithm

A computer-controlled x-y offset guiding stage for the MLRS

The MLRS has experienced excellent success in its lunar and artificial satellite laser ranging operations during its many years of operation, in spite of its relatively small 'receive' aperture. We continue to strive, however, for a greater volume of data, together with better accuracy and precision. We have just now completed the design, construction, and implementation of a computer controlled x-y offset guiding stage for the MLRS, analogous to the manual one that had been a part of the original 2.7-m lunar laser ranging system on Mt. Locke at McDonald Observatory. In the past, we had been hampered by the lack of a satisfactory hardware design which could fit within the very cramped quarters of the MLRS telescope's tail piece. Recently, with funding support from the U.S. Naval Observatory and the design and construction expertise of DFM Engineering, Inc., a satisfactory instrument has been specified, designed, built, and installed. This instrument will greatly expand MLRS observational opportunities by allowing the observing crews to actively guide on visible off axis lunar surface features or background stars while the on-axis lunar surface retroreflector targets are in the dark. This paper describes this instrument and its present implementation at the MLRS

Time Asymmetric Quantum Physics

Mathematical and phenomenological arguments in favor of asymmetric time evolution of micro-physical states are presented.Comment: Tex file with 2 figure

Quantum theory: the role of microsystems and macrosystems

We stress the notion of statistical experiment, which is mandatory for quantum mechanics, and recall Ludwig's foundation of quantum mechanics, which provides the most general framework to deal with statistical experiments giving evidence for particles. In this approach particles appear as interaction carriers between preparation and registration apparatuses. We further briefly point out the more modern and versatile formalism of quantum theory, stressing the relevance of probabilistic concepts in its formulation. At last we discuss the role of macrosystems, focusing on quantum field theory for their description and introducing for them objective state parameters.Comment: 12 pages. For special issue of J.Phys.A, "The Quantum Universe", on the occasion of 70th birthday of Professor Giancarlo Ghirard

Irreversible Quantum Mechanics in the Neutral K-System

The neutral Kaon system is used to test the quantum theory of resonance scattering and decay phenomena. The two dimensional Lee-Oehme-Yang theory with complex Hamiltonian is obtained by truncating the complex basis vector expansion of the exact theory in Rigged Hilbert space. This can be done for K_1 and K_2 as well as for K_S and K_L, depending upon whether one chooses the (self-adjoint, semi-bounded) Hamiltonian as commuting or non-commuting with CP. As an unexpected curiosity one can show that the exact theory (without truncation) predicts long-time 2 pion decays of the neutral Kaon system even if the Hamiltonian conserves CP.Comment: 36 pages, 1 PostScript figure include