Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on University Students' Physical Activity Levels: An Early Systematic Review

[EN] Purpose: This systematic review aimed to analyze the impact that the COVID-19 lockdown had on the amount of physical activity performed by university students. Materials and Methods: A systematic electronic search for studies providing information regarding physical activity levels pre and during COVID-19 pandemic in university students was performed up to 20th October 2020 in the databases Cochrane Library, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. The risk of bias of external validity quality of included studies was assessed by means of those the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The quality of the evidence for main outcomes was graded using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results and Conclusions: A total of 10 studies were selected. Physical activity levels were assessed by means of questionnaires (10 studies) and accelerometer (1 study). Risk of bias was regarded as low and high in six and four investigations, respectively. The quality of evidence was downgraded to low. A significant reduction of physical activity levels were observed in 9 studies. Compared to pre-lockdown values, five studies showed a reduction of light/mild physical activity (walking) between 32.5 and 365.5%, while seven studies revealed a reduction of high/vigorous physical activity between 2.9 and 52.8%. Walking, moderate, vigorous, and total physical activity levels have been reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic confinements in university students of different countries. Despite of the reductions, those who met the current minimum PA recommendations before the lockdown generally met the recommendations also during the confinements

Urgencias psiquiátricas en el Hospital General: análisis de un año.

Se realiza un análisis de las distintas variables de interés en relación con las urgencias psiquiátricas. Para ello se recogieron los datos correspondientes a todas las urgencias asistidas por el psiquiatra de guardia durante un año. Los resultados se compararon con los obtenidos en trabajos similares, especialmente los realizados en nuestro país. Se concluye valorando la relación existente entre algunos de los datos encontrados y el funcionamiento de la asistencia sanitaria, tanto psiquiátrica como primaria

Urgencias psiquiátricas en el Hospital General: análisis de un año.

Se realiza un análisis de las distintas variables de interés en relación con las urgencias psiquiátricas. Para ello se recogieron los datos correspondientes a todas las urgencias asistidas por el psiquiatra de guardia durante un año. Los resultados se compararon con los obtenidos en trabajos similares, especialmente los realizados en nuestro país. Se concluye valorando la relación existente entre algunos de los datos encontrados y el funcionamiento de la asistencia sanitaria, tanto psiquiátrica como primaria

Estimación del aumento global del tiempo de sedentarismo durante los confinamientos de la COVID-19: una revisión sistemática y un metanálisis

[ES] FUNDAMENTOS // Las estrategias restrictivas de movilidad derivadas de la pandemia por COVID-19 podrían afectar negativamente al estado de salud de la población debido a la disminución de los niveles de actividad física. El objetivo de este estudio es estimar el aumento del tiempo de sedentarismo durante los confinamientos en comparación con la situación anterior al brote de COVID-19 en muestras de población adulta de diferentes países del mundo. MÉTODOS // Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en tres bases de datos electrónicas, hasta el 27 de febrero de 2021, de estudios que informaran sobre el tiempo total de sedentarismo antes y durante los confinamientos por COVID-19 utilizando una herramienta validada. Se realizó un metanálisis utilizando modelos de efectos aleatorios para calcular las diferencias de medias ponderadas en el tiempo sedentario diario total antes y durante los confinamientos. El análisis se repitió estratificado y comparando por sexo. RESULTADOS // Se incluyeron 20 estudios, con una calidad metodológica buena (n=15) y regular (n=5). Para el metanálisis se agruparon los datos de 18 estudios, con 47.245 participantes. Los confinamientos por COVID-19 en todo el mundo condujeron a un aumento medio ponderado de 2,40 horas diarias en el tiempo total de comportamiento sedentario (intervalo de confianza del 95%: 1,95; 2,85). El análisis estratificado y comparativo por sexo en 8 estudios indicó un aumento similar para mujeres (n=20.455) y hombres (n=11.825). CONCLUSIONES // El tiempo total de sedentarismo diario aumentó en 2,40 horas en todo el mundo durante los confinamientos en comparación con la situación anterior al brote de COVID-19, sin diferencias significativas entre sexos

No changes in adolescent’s sedentary behaviour across Europe between 2002 and 2017

Abstract: Background: Public health organizations have been alerted to the high levels of sedentary behaviour (SB) among adolescents as well as to the health and social consequences of excess sedentary time. However, SB changes of the European Union (EU) adolescents over time have not been reported yet. This study aimed to identify SB of the EU adolescents (15–17 years) in four-time points (2002, 2005, 2013 and 2017) and to analyse the prevalence of SB according to the sex. Methods: SB of 2542 adolescents (1335 boys and 1207 girls) as a whole sample and country-by-country was analysed in 2002, 2005, 2013, and 2017 using the Sport and Physical Activity EU Special Eurobarometers’ data. SB was measured using the sitting time question from the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), such that 4h30min of daily sitting time was the delineating point to determine excess SB behaviour (≥4h30min of sitting time) or not (≤4h30min of sitting time). A χ2 test was used to compare the prevalence of SB between survey years. Furthermore, SB prevalence between sexes was analysed using a Z-Score test for two population proportions. Results: The prevalence of SB among EU adolescents across each of the four survey years ranged from 74.2 and 76.8%, rates that are considered high. High levels of SB were also displayed by both sexes (girls: 76.8 to 81.2%; boys: 71.7 to 76.7%). No significant differences in the prevalence of SB among years (p > 0.05) were found for the whole sample, and for either girls or boys. Also, no significant differences in the prevalence of SB between girls and boys were found. Conclusion: The SB prevalence in European adolescents is extremely high (76.8% in 2017) with no differences between girls and boys. No significant improvements have been seen between 2002 and 2017. Eurobarometer should increase the adolescents’ sample to make possible benchmarking comparisons among the EU countries and extend the survey to the younger children population

Epidemiology of injuries in elite male and female futsal: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The main purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis quantifying the incidence of injuries in futsal players. A systematic search was conducted using MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases and subsequently six studies (14 cohorts) were selected. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed trial quality and risk of bias using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement and Newcastle Ottawa Scale, respectively. Quality of evidence was also determined using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Separate meta-analyses for male and female players were conducted using a Poisson random-effect regression model approach. The overall and match incidence rates in elite male futsal players were 6.8 (95% CI = 0.0 – 15.2) and 44.9 (95% CI = 17.2 – 72.6) injuries/1000 hours of exposure. Pooled training injury rate in male players was not calculated due to the lack of studies reporting training injuries in this cohort. For females, an overall, training and match incidence rates of 5.3 (95% CI = 3.5 - 7), 5.1 (95% CI = 2.7 - 7.6) and 10.3 (95% CI = 0.6 - 20.1) injuries/1000 hours of exposure were reported. In males, match incidence rate in International tournaments was 8.5 times higher than in national leagues (77.2 [95% CI = 60.0 - 94.5] vs 9.1 [95% CI = 0.0 – 19.3] for international tournaments and national leagues, respectively). Elite male and female futsal players are exposed to a substantial risk of sustaining injuries, especially during matches

Epidemiology of injuries in professional football: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological data of injuries in professional male football. Method: Forty-four studies have reported the incidence of injuries in football. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed trial quality using the STROBE statement and Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Studies were combined in a pooled analysis using a Poisson random effects regression model. Results: The overall incidence of injuries in professional male football players was 8.1 injuries/1000 hours of exposure. Match injury incidence (36 injuries/1000 hours of exposure was almost ten times higher than training injury incidence rate (3.7 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). Lower extremity injuries had the highest incidence rates (6.8 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). The most common type of injury was muscle/tendon (4.6 injuries/1000 hours of exposure), which were frequently associated with traumatic incidents. Minor injuries (1-3 days of time loss) were the most common. The incidence rate of injuries in the top 5 European professional leagues was not different to that of the professional leagues in other countries (6.8 vs. 7.6 injuries/1000 hours of exposure, respectively). Conclusions: Professional male football players have a substantial risk of sustaining injuries, especially during matches

Injury profile in women's football: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Football is the most popular sport among women; however, little is known about the injury profile in this population. This information would help design tailored injury risk mitigation strategies that may make football safer for women. Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological data of injuries in women´s football. Methods: A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was performed up to January 2020 in PubMed, Web of Science, Sport discus and the Cochrane Library databases. Twenty-one studies reporting the incidence of injuries in women football were analysed. Two reviewers independently extracted data (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] for inter-reviewer reliability = 0.87) and assessed study quality using the STROBE statement, GRADE approach, Newcastle Ottawa Scale and Downs and Black assessment tools. Studies were combined in pooled analyses (injury incidence and injury proportion) using a Poisson random effects regression model. Results: The overall incidence of injuries in female football players was 6.1 injuries/1000 hours of exposure. Match injury incidence (19.2 injuries/1000 hours of exposure) was almost six times higher than training injury incidence rate (3.5 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). Lower extremity injuries had the highest incidence rates (4.8 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). The most common types of injuries were muscle/tendon (1.8 injuries/1000 hours of exposure) and joint (non-bone) and ligament (1.5 injuries/1000 hours of exposure), which were frequently associated with traumatic incidents. Slight/minimal injuries (1–3 days of time loss) were the most common. The incidence rate of injuries during matches in the top 5 world ranking leagues was higher than the rest of the leagues (19.3 vs 10.7 injuries/1000 hours of exposure, respectively). The weighted injury proportion was 1.1 (95% confidence interval = 0.6–1.7) whereby on average players sustained more than one injury per season. Conclusions: Female football players are exposed to a substantial risk of sustaining injuries, especially during matches that require the highest level of performance. In order to markedly reduce overall injury burden, efforts should focus on introducing and evaluating preventative measures that target match specific dynamics in order to make football players more capable of responding to the challenges that they have to deal with during match play