326 research outputs found
Hadron and Quark Form Factors in the Relativistic Harmonic Oscillator Model
Nucleon, pion and quark form factors are studied within the relativistic
harmonic oscillator model including the quark spin. It is shown that the
nucleon charge, magnetic and axial form factors and the pion charge form factor
can be explained with one oscillator parameter if one accounts for the scaling
rule and the size of the constituent quarks.Comment: 9 pages, Latex, 3 postscript figures, DFTT 8/9
Laser-Generated Ultrasonic Beams
Now, it is well known that when the radiation from a high-power laser (a Q-switched laser) is focused onto a specimen, very large stresses are generated within the specimen primarily by thermo-elastic means as well as others. Generally, in this focused configuration, damage results. 11 Damage 11 is a bad word in the context of this workshop, so consequently we were concerned with harnessing this potential for lasers to generate large stress waves and thereby produce a stress wave of a more useful nature. In particular, we wanted to generate plane compressive stress pulses and sinusoidal wave trains to be used in subsequent wave propagation experiments from a nondestructive point of view. These waves may be used wherever a compressive stress pulse or a sinusoidal wave train with a very large amplitude might be needed. In particular, they may be used for flaw detection through materials that might be very dissipative where signals from piezoelectric crystals might not get through
The Separable Kernel of Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction in the Bethe-Salpeter Approach
The dispersion relations for nucleon-nucleon (NN) T-matrix in the framework
of Bethe-Salpeter equation for two spin one-half particle system and with
separable kernel of interaction are considered in the paper. The developed
expressions are applied for construction of the separable kernel of interaction
for S partial-waves in singlet and triplet channels. We calculate the low
energy scattering parameters and the phase shifts and also the deuteron binding
energy with the separable interaction. The approach can be easily extended to
higher partial-waves for NN-scattering and other reactions (anti N N-, pi
N-scattering).Comment: RevTex 4 style, 9 pages, 1 figur
Study of He+C Elastic Scattering Using a Microscopic Optical Potential
The He+C elastic scattering data at beam energies of 3, 38.3 and
41.6 MeV/nucleon are studied utilizing the microscopic optical potentials
obtained by a double-folding procedure and also by using those inherent in the
high-energy approximation. The calculated optical potentials are based on the
neutron and proton density distributions of colliding nuclei established in an
appropriate model for He and obtained from the electron scattering form
factors for C. The depths of the real and imaginary parts of the
microscopic optical potentials are considered as fitting parameters. At low
energy the volume optical potentials reproduce sufficiently well the
experimental data. At higher energies, generally, additional surface terms
having form of a derivative of the imaginary part of the microscopic optical
potential are needed. The problem of ambiguity of adjusted optical potentials
is resolved requiring the respective volume integrals to obey the determined
dependence on the collision energy. Estimations of the Pauli blocking effects
on the optical potentials and cross sections are also given and discussed.
Conclusions on the role of the aforesaid effects and on the mechanism of the
considered processes are made.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review
On isovector meson exchange currents in the Bethe-Salpeter approach
We investigate the nonrelativistic reduction of the Bethe-Salpeter amplitude
for the deuteron electrodisintegration near threshold energies. To this end,
two assumptions have been used in the calculations: 1) the static approximation
and 2) the one iteration approximation. Within these assumptions it is possible
to recover the nonrelativistic result including a systematic extension to
relativistic corrections. We find that the so-called pair current term can be
constructed from the -wave contribution of the deuteron Bethe-Salpeter
amplitude. The form factor that enters into the calculation of the pair current
is constrained by the manifestly gauge independent matrix elements.Comment: 15 pages, incl. 3 figures, to be published Phys. Rev.
Superscaling and Neutral Current Quasielastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering beyond the Relativistic Fermi Gas Model
The superscaling analysis is extended to include quasielastic (QE) scattering
via the weak neutral current of neutrinos and antineutrinos from nuclei. The
scaling function obtained within the coherent density fluctuation model (used
previously in calculations of QE inclusive electron and charge-changing (CC)
neutrino scattering) is applied to neutral current neutrino and antineutrino
scattering with energies of 1 GeV from C with a proton and neutron
knockout (u-channel inclusive processes). The results are compared with those
obtained using the scaling function from the relativistic Fermi gas model and
the scaling function as determined from the superscaling analysis (SuSA) of QE
electron scattering.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, published in Phys. Rev.
Superscaling in Nuclei: A Search for Scaling Function Beyond the Relativistic Fermi Gas Model
We construct a scaling function for inclusive electron
scattering from nuclei within the Coherent Density Fluctuation Model (CDFM).
The latter is a natural extension to finite nuclei of the Relativistic Fermi
Gas (RFG) model within which the scaling variable was
introduced by Donnelly and collaborators. The calculations show that the
high-momentum components of the nucleon momentum distribution in the CDFM and
their similarity for different nuclei lead to quantitative description of the
superscaling in nuclei. The results are in good agreement with the experimental
data for different transfer momenta showing superscaling for negative values of
, including those smaller than -1.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, submitted for publication to Phys. Rev.
Charge and matter distributions and form factors of light, medium and heavy neutron-rich nuclei
Results of charge form factors calculations for several unstable neutron-rich
isotopes of light, medium and heavy nuclei (He, Li, Ni, Kr, Sn) are presented
and compared to those of stable isotopes in the same isotopic chain. For the
lighter isotopes (He and Li) the proton and neutron densities are obtained
within a microscopic large-scale shell-model, while for heavier ones Ni, Kr and
Sn the densities are calculated in deformed self-consistent mean-field Skyrme
HF+BCS method. We also compare proton densities to matter densities together
with their rms radii and diffuseness parameter values. Whenever possible
comparison of form factors, densities and rms radii with available experimental
data is also performed. Calculations of form factors are carried out both in
plane wave Born approximation (PWBA) and in distorted wave Born approximation
(DWBA). These form factors are suggested as predictions for the future
experiments on the electron-radioactive beam colliders where the effect of the
neutron halo or skin on the proton distributions in exotic nuclei is planned to
be studied and thereby the various theoretical models of exotic nuclei will be
tested.Comment: 26 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Phys.
Rev.
One-rank interaction kernel of the two-nucleon system for medium and high energies
A new version of the separable kernel of the nucleon-nucleon interaction in
the Bethe-Salpeter approach is presented. The phase shifts are fitted to recent
experimental data for singlet and uncoupled triplet partial waves of the
neutron-proton scattering with total angular momenta J=0,1. The results are
compared with other model calculations.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 3 table
Wear-resistant nickel-based laser clad coatings for high-temperature applications
The effect of high-temperature processing on laser clad Ni-based coatings is studied. Annealing at 1025°C forms thermally stable framework structures with large chromium carbides and borides. As a result, improved hardness and wear resistance of the coating are maintained when heated to 1000°C. Stabilizing annealing also increases the frictional thermal resistance of the NiCrBSi coating. Under high-speed (3.1– 9.3 m/s) sliding friction, when the surface layer temperature reaches about 500 –1000°С and higher, the wear resistance of the coating increases by 1.7 – 3.0 times. The proposed approach to the formation of heat-resistant coatings is promising, in particular, for a hot deformation tool and other components of metallurgical equipment operating under high thermal and mechanical loads. Such products include crystallizer walls of continuous casting machines. For the walls, the development of laser cladding technology for wear-resistant composite coatings on copper alloys is relevant as an alternative to thermal spraying. The cladding of composite NiBSi-WC coatings of 0.6 and 1.6 mm thickness on a Cu-Cr-Zr bronze substrate heated to 200 – 250°C with a diode laser is considered. The presence of boron causes the formation of the W(C, B) carboboride phase, whose hardness is higher than that of WC in the initial powder. Depending on the thickness of coatings and, accordingly, on the duration of heating and the subsequent cooling, the process of secondary carboborides precipitation from the solid solution can be suppressed (in the “thin” coating) or activated (in the “thick” coating). This leads to a higher wear resistance under friction sliding 1.6 mm thickness coating. © 2019, Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.Institute of Education Sciences, IES: АААА-А18-118020790147-4Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 19-79-00031АААА-А18-118020190116-6The work was supported by the state orders of IMP UB RAS on the subjects “Laser” and “Structure” №АААА-А18-118020190116-6 and IES №АААА-А18-118020790147-4. The study of the evolution of the structure of NiCrBSi coatings during heating was carried out with financial support from the Russian Science Foundation, grant № 19-79-00031. The structural studies were done on the equipment installed at the Plastometriya Collective Use Center of IES UB RAS
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