Laser-induced periodic surface structures:Fingerprints of light localization

The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used to study the inhomogeneous absorption of linearly polarized laser radiation below a rough surface. The results are first analyzed in the frequency domain and compared to the efficacy factor theory of Sipe and coworkers. Both approaches show that the absorbed energy shows a periodic nature, not only in the direction orthogonal to the laser polarization, but also in the direction parallel to it. It is shown that the periodicity is not always close to the laser wavelength for the perpendicular direction. In the parallel direction, the periodicity is about lambda/Re((n) over tilde), with (n) over tilde being the complex refractive index of the medium. The space-domain FDTD results show a periodicity in the inhomogeneous energy absorption similar to the periodicity of the low-and high-spatial-frequency laser-induced periodic surface structures depending on the material's excitation

Maatregelen ter vermindering van fijnstofemissie uit de pluimveehouderij: validatie van een ionisatiesysteem op vleeskuikenbedrijven = Measures to reduce fine dust emission from poultry: validation of an ionization system on broiler farms

In this study, the fine dust emission reduction of a negative ionization system was determined through validation measurements on broiler farms

Fijnstofemissie uit stallen: melkvee = Dust emission from animal houses: dairy cattle

In this study emissions of fine dust (PM10 and PM2.5) from houses for cattle were determined. In addition, emissions of ammonia, greenhouse gases and odour were determined

Fijnstofemissie uit stallen: nertsen = Dust emission from animal houses: minks

In this study emissions of fine dust (PM10 and PM2.5) from houses for minks were determined. In addition, emissions of ammonia, greenhouse gases and odour were determined

Study on the correlation between plasma electron temperature and penetration depth in laser welding processes

The plasma electron temperature has been estimated starting from the spectroscopic analysis of the optical emission of the laser-generated plasma plume during quite diverse stainless steel welding procedures (c.w. CO2 and pulsed Nd:YAG). Although the optical emissions present different spectral features, a discrete contribution of several iron lines can be highlighted in both types of welding. We have found that the electron temperature decreases as the laser power is enhanced, in static as well as dynamic conditions. Such a result could be useful to develop a closed loop control system of the weld penetration depth

Maatregelen ter vermindering van fijnstofemissie uit de pluimveehouderij: validatie van een ionisatiefilter op leghennenbedrijven = Measures to reduce fine dust emission from poultry houses: validation of an ionisation filter on layer farms

In this study, the fine dust emission reduction of an ionization filter (electrostatic precipitator) was determined through validation measurements on layer farms

Translation, Validity, and Reliability of the Dutch Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Quality of Life Questionnaire

Background: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Quality of Life (ACL-QoL) questionnaire is a valid and reliable injury-specific instrument to assess the impact of an ACL rupture on the daily life of a patient. Purpose: To translate the ACL-QoL into Dutch (ACL-QoL-NL) and to study its psychometric properties in patients with an ACL rupture. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The original ACL-QoL questionnaire was translated from English to Dutch according to international guidelines. The study population consisted of 122 patients with a confirmed ACL rupture who completed the ACL-QoL-NL as well as 4 questionnaires: the International Knee Documentation Committee subjective score, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, 36-item Short Form Health Survey, and Lysholm Knee Score. We determined the internal consistency, construct validity, and prevalence of floor and ceiling effects of the ACL-QoL-NL total score as well as its 5 subscales. To determine test-retest reliability, we analyzed the data of 68 patients who had a stable knee condition and who completed the ACL-QoL-NL a second time after a 2-week interval. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the original structure of the ACL-QoL-NL was confirmed, except for 4 of 31 items. Internal consistency of the total scale and all 5 subscales was good. More than 75% of the predefined hypotheses on the correlations between the ACL-QoL-NL and the 4 questionnaires were met, indicating good construct validity. No significant floor or ceiling effects were observed. Test-retest reliability was good, and no systematic bias between test and retest was found. Standard error of measurement for the total score was 4.8 points out of 100, and the smallest detectable changes at the group and individual levels were 1.6 and 13.2 points, respectively. Conclusion: The ACL-QoL-NL questionnaire was successfully translated from English to Dutch and demonstrated good internal consistency, validity, and reliability, with no presence of floor or ceiling effects

Translation, Validity, and Reliability of the Dutch Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Quality of Life Questionnaire

Background: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Quality of Life (ACL-QoL) questionnaire is a valid and reliable injury-specific instrument to assess the impact of an ACL rupture on the daily life of a patient.Purpose: To translate the ACL-QoL into Dutch (ACL-QoL-NL) and to study its psychometric properties in patients with an ACL rupture. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2.Methods: The original ACL-QoL questionnaire was translated from English to Dutch according to international guidelines. The study population consisted of 122 patients with a confirmed ACL rupture who completed the ACL-QoL-NL as well as 4 questionnaires: the International Knee Documentation Committee subjective score, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, 36-item Short Form Health Survey, and Lysholm Knee Score. We determined the internal consistency, construct validity, and prevalence of floor and ceiling effects of the ACL-QoL-NL total score as well as its 5 subscales. To determine test-retest reliability, we analyzed the data of 68 patients who had a stable knee condition and who completed the ACL-QoL-NL a second time after a 2-week interval.Results: The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the original structure of the ACL-QoL-NL was confirmed, except for 4 of 31 items. Internal consistency of the total scale and all 5 subscales was good. More than 75% of the predefined hypotheses on the correlations between the ACL-QoL-NL and the 4 questionnaires were met, indicating good construct validity. No significant floor or ceiling effects were observed. Test-retest reliability was good, and no systematic bias between test and retest was found. Standard error of measurement for the total score was 4.8 points out of 100, and the smallest detectable changes at the group and individual levels were 1.6 and 13.2 points, respectively.Conclusion: The ACL-QoL-NL questionnaire was successfully translated from English to Dutch and demonstrated good internal consistency, validity, and reliability, with no presence of floor or ceiling effects.</p

The Dutch Working Party on Antibiotic Policy (SWAB) Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Management of Febrile Neutropenia in Patients with Cancer

Introduction This guideline was written by a multidisciplinary committee with mandated members of the Dutch Society for Infectious Diseases, Dutch Society for Hematology, Dutch Society for Medical Oncology, Dutch Association of Hospital Pharmacists, Dutch Society for Medical Microbiology, and Dutch Society for Pediatrics. The guideline is written for adults and pediatric patients. Method The recommendations are based on the answers to nine questions formulated by the guideline committee. To provide evidence-based recommendations we used all relevant clinical guidelines published since 2010 as a source, supplemented with systematic searches and evaluation of the recent literature (2010-2020) and, where necessary, supplemented by expert-based advice. Results For adults the guideline distinguishes between high- and standard-risk neutropenia based on expected duration of neutropenia (> 7 days versus 7 days) and in children with neutropenia, ceftazidime, cefepime, and piperacillin-tazobactam are all first-choice options for empirical antibiotic therapy in case of fever. In adults with standard-risk neutropenia (duration of neutropenia <= 7 days) the MASCC score can be used to assess the individual risk of infectious complications. For patients with a low risk of infectious complications (high MASCC score) oral antibiotic therapy in an outpatient setting is recommended. For patients with a high risk of infectious complications (low MASCC score) antibiotic therapy per protocol sepsis of unknown origin is recommended.Immunogenetics and cellular immunology of bacterial infectious disease

Rapid movement and transcriptional re-localization of human cohesin on DNA

The spatial organization, correct expression, repair, and segregation of eukaryotic genomes depend on cohesin, ring-shaped protein complexes that are thought to function by entrapping DNA It has been proposed that cohesin is recruited to specific genomic locations from distal loading sites by an unknown mechanism, which depends on transcription, and it has been speculated that cohesin movements along DNA could create three-dimensional genomic organization by loop extrusion. However, whether cohesin can translocate along DNA is unknown. Here, we used single-molecule imaging to show that cohesin can diffuse rapidly on DNA in a manner consistent with topological entrapment and can pass over some DNA-bound proteins and nucleosomes but is constrained in its movement by transcription and DNA-bound CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF). These results indicate that cohesin can be positioned in the genome by moving along DNA, that transcription can provide directionality to these movements, that CTCF functions as a boundary element for moving cohesin, and they are consistent with the hypothesis that cohesin spatially organizes the genome via loop extrusion