Pancytopenýa and Sepsýs due to Meropenem: A Case Report

Meropenem is one of the most commonly used antibacterial agents with relatively few side effects. Serious adverse reactions reported with meropenem are rare with an incidence of 1 %. Recently we came across two rare adverse effects of meropenem in one patient with acute renal failure. There was pancytopenia and sepsis, respectively. To the best of ourknowledge, a only few cases have been reported in the literature that document an association between meropenem administration and pancytopenia, and about half of these cases were sepsis. With the use of meropenem becoming more widespread, these two rare but fatal complications of meropenem should be borne in mind.Keywords: Meropenem, Pancytopenia, Sepsis, Fatal complication

Effects of strip and full-width tillage on soil carbon IV oxide-carbon (CO2-C) fluxes and on bacterial and fungal populations in sunflower

In strip tillage system, planting lines are cultivated while the inter-row spaces are left undisturbed. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of strip tillage and full-width tillage treatments on soil carbon IV oxide-carbon (CO2-C) fluxes, bacterial and fungal populations in growing period of sunflower (Helianthus annus). A row-crop rotary hoe with C type blades was used to create three strip widths by changing the connection of blades of the rotary hoe on the flanges. Strip widths were 22.5 (T30), 30.0 (T40) and 37.5 cm (T50). The full-width tillage practice (moldboard plow + disc harrow + leveler) gave 100% surface soil disturbance (T100) and was included in the experiment to make comparisons with the strip tillage system. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used. During the growth of the sunflower, periodic measurements of CO2-C fluxes and bacterial and fungal populations were made. Significant (p < 0.01) differences in CO2-C fluxes, microbial populations, soil bulk density and total porosity were observed between the different tillage systems. Highest CO2-C fluxes, bacteria populations and total porosity were observed in the full-width T100 application and the lowest values were observed in the T30 treatment during flowering and harvesting periods. Increasing tillage intensity increased soil CO2-C fluxes and bacteria population, but decreased fungi population and soil bulk density.Key words: Carbon IV oxide-carbon flux, soil bacteria and fungi, strip tillage, full-width tillage, sunflower

ELECTRE I Method Using Hesitant Linguistic Term Sets: An Application to Supplier Selection

Decision making is a common process in human activities. Every person or organization needs to make decisions besides dealing with uncertainty and vagueness associated with human cognition. The theory of fuzzy logic provides a mathematical base to model the uncertainities. Hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (HFLTS) creates an appropriate method to deal with uncertainty in decision making. Managerial decision making generally implies that decision making process conducts multiple and conflicting criteria. Multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a widely applied decision making method. Outranking methods are one type of MCDA methods which facilitate the decision making process through comparing binary relations in order to rank the alternatives. Elimination et Choix Traduisant la Réalité (ELECTRE), means elimination and choice that translates reality, is an outranking method. In this paper, an extended version of ELECTRE I method using HFLTS is proposed. Finally, a real case problem is provided to illustrate the HFLTS-ELECTRE I method

Antimicrobial studies on three Hypericum species from Turkey

The antimicrobial activity of several extracts and fractions of some Hypericum species (H. rupestre Jaub. & Spach, H. vacciniifolium Hayek & Siehe and H. imbricatum Poulter) was investigated using the disc diffusion method against Escherichia coli ATCC 11230, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Klebsiella pneumoniae UC57, Micrococcus luteus La 2971, Bordetella bronchiseptica ATCC 19395, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 8427, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Corynebacterium xerosis CCM 7064, Mycobacterium smegmatis CCM 2067, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 49803, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9730, Kluyveromyces fragilis NRRL 2415 and Rhodotorula rubra CCY. The methanol extract and chloroform fraction of H. vacciniifolium, as well as the methanol extracts, butanol and chloroform fractions of both H. rupestre and H. imbricatum, showed good antimicrobial activity against especially Gram-positive bacteria and the Gram-negative bacterium Bordetella bronchiseptica. The methanol extracts and fractions did not have antifungal activity. The results of the study support the use of these specimens in Turkish traditional medicine to treat skin and eye infections

Joint Astrophysics Nascent Universe Satellite:. utilizing GRBs as high redshift probes

The Joint Astrophysics Nascent Universe Satellite (JANUS) is a multiwavelength cosmology mission designed to address fundamental questions about the cosmic dawn. It has three primary science objectives: (1) measure the massive star formation rate over 5 ≤ z ≤ 12 by discovering and observing high-z gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows, (2) enable detailed studies of the history of reionization and metal enrichment in the early Universe, and (3) map the growth of the first supermassive black holes by discovering and observing the brightest quasars at z ≥ 6. A rapidly slewing spacecraft and three science instruments – the X-ray Coded Aperture Telescope (XCAT), the Near InfraRed Telescope (NIRT), and the GAmma-ray Transient Experiment for Students (GATES) – make-up the JANUS observatory and are responsible for realizing the three primary science objectives. The XCAT (0.5–20 keV) is a wide field of view instrument responsible for detecting and localizing ∼60 z ≥ 5 GRBs, including ∼8 z ≥ 8 GRBs, during a 2-year mission. The NIRT (0.7–1.7 µm) refines the GRB positions and provides rapid (≤ 30 min) redshift information to the astronomical community. Concurrently, the NIRT performs a 20, 000 deg2 survey of the extragalactic sky discovering and localizing ∼300 z ≥ 6 quasars, including ∼50 at z ≥ 7, over a two-year period. The GATES provides high-energy (15 keV −1.0 MeV) spectroscopy as well as 60–500 keV polarimetry of bright GRBs. Here we outline the JANUS instrumentation and the mission science motivations

Symmetry Violation of Quantum Multifractality: Gaussian fluctuations versus Algebraic Localization

Quantum multifractality is a fundamental property of systems such as non-interacting disordered systems at an Anderson transition and many-body systems in Hilbert space. Here we discuss the origin of the presence or absence of a fundamental symmetry related to this property. The anomalous multifractal dimension $\Delta_q$ is used to characterize the structure of quantum states in such systems. Although the multifractal symmetry relation \mbox{$\Delta_q=\Delta_{1-q}$} is universally fulfilled in many known systems, recently some important examples have emerged where it does not hold. We show that this is the result of two different mechanisms. The first one was already known and is related to Gaussian fluctuations well described by random matrix theory. The second one, not previously explored, is related to the presence of an algebraically localized envelope. While the effect of Gaussian fluctuations can be removed by coarse graining, the second mechanism is robust to such a procedure. We illustrate the violation of the symmetry due to algebraic localization on two systems of very different nature, a 1D Floquet critical system and a model corresponding to Anderson localization on random graphs.Comment: Closest to published versio

Properties of Modified Riemannian Extensions

Let M be an n-dimensional differentiable manifold with a symmetric connection ∇ and T*M be its cotangent bundle. In this paper, we study some properties of the modified Riemannian extension ğ∇, c on T*M defined by means of a symmetric (0, 2)-tensor field c on M. We get the conditions under which T*M endowed with the horizontal lift HJ of an almost complex structure J and with the metric ğ∇, c is a Kähler-Norden manifold. Also curvature properties of the Levi-Civita connection of the metric ğ∇, c are presented.Пусть M - n-мерное дифференцируемое многообразие с симметричной связностью ∇ а T*M - его кокасательное расслоение. В статье изучены некоторые свойства модифицированного риманова расширения ğ ∇, c на T*M, которое определяется с помощью симметричного (0, 2)-тензорного поля c на M. Получены условия, при которых T*M, наделенное горизонтальным лифтом HJ почти комплексной структуры J и метрикой ğ∇, c, является многообразием Kэлера-Нордена. Также представлены свойства кривизны связности Леви- Чивита метрики ğ ∇ , c.Нехай M — n-мірний диференційовний многовид із симетричного зв'язністго ∇, а T*M — його кодотичне розшарування. В статті вивчено деякі властивості модифікованого ріманова розширення ğ ∇, c на T*M, яке визначається за допомогою симетричного (0, 2)-тензорного поля с на М. Отримано умови, за яких T*M, наділене горизонтальним ліфтом HJ майже комплексної структури J і метрикого ğ∇, c, є многовидом Келера-Нордена. Також представлені властивості кривини зв'язності Леві-Чівіти метрики ğ∇, c

Bare electrodynamic tether ground simulations in a dense, high-speed plasma flow

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76307/1/AIAA-2000-3869-300.pd

Experimental analysis of R134a condensation in vertical narrow channels

Herhangi bir ısıl sistemde faz değişimi olması halinde, olmaması haline göre daha fazla ısı geçişinin gerçekleşmesi, araştırmacıları bu alanda çalışma yapmaya sevk etmiştir. Bu husus göz önünde tutularak bu çalışmada; bir faz değişimi olan yoğuşma, deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışma kapsamında kurulan deney tesisatında; R134a soğutucu akışkanının, aralarında silindirik tüpün de bulunduğu 5 farklı düşey mini kanaldaki laminer yoğuşması incelenmiştir. Deneylerde kullanılan test üniteleri; silindirik tüp ile 4 adet çok-girişli kanallardır. Pratikte bundy boru olarak adlandırılan silindirik kanalın iç çapı 3.3 mm olup, üzeri bakır kaplı çelikten imal edilmiştir. Çok-girişli kanallar ise; farklı hidrolik çaplarda olmak üzere, 3-girişli, 5-girişli, 6-girişli ve 14-girişli olup alüminyumdan imal edilmiş kanallardır. Söz konusu bu çok-girişli kanalların hidrolik çapları sırasıyla, 4.74 mm, 3.6 mm, 1.53 mm ve 1.02 mm’dir. Böylece; kanal geometrisinin ve hidrolik çapının, R134a yoğuşmasında ısı geçişi ve basınç düşümü üzerindeki etkisi deneysel olarak tespit edilmiştir. Deneyler; farklı doyma sıcaklıkları ve farklı kütlesel akılar için tekrarlanmıştır. Böylece; düşey kanallardaki R134a soğutucu akışkanının yoğuşması, farklı doyma sıcaklıkları ve farklı kütlesel akılar için karşılaştırılabilmiştir. Ayrıca; bütün kanallardaki deneysel sonuçlardan hareketle, soğutucu akışkanların yoğuşması ile ilgili olarak literatürde yaygın bir şekilde yer alan korelasyonlara benzer bir korelasyon geliştirilmiştir. Yoğuşmada Nu sayısı için geliştirilen bu boyutsuz korelasyonun, literatürdeki korelasyonlar ile oldukça uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Anahtar Kelimeler: R134a yoğuşması, ısı taşınım katsayısı, sürtünme faktörü, düşey silindirik tüp, çok-girişli kanallar. In any thermal system, the fact that more heat is transferred in the occurrence of phase change is a motivation for the researchers to work on. Furthermore, it has become inevitable to build smaller (more compact) heating and cooling systems, while the technology is improving more and more. This resulted in the necessity of the occurrence of phase changes in smaller spaces. Therefore it is required to know the mechanisms of phase change in narrow spaces and to improve heat transfer. Taking these facts into consideration, this study is performed to investigate condensation, which is a frequently encountered phase change in thermal systems, in experimental aspect. In the experimental study, laminar condensation of coolant R134a is investigated for five different vertical mini channels including the vertical cylindrical tube and the other four multi-port channels. The cylindrical channel with an inner diameter of 3.3 mm is made of steel coated with copper. The other four multi-port mini channels, which have 3 ports, 5 ports, 6 ports and 14 ports, are made of aluminum. The hydraulic diameters of these multi-port channels are 4.74 mm, 3.6 mm, 1.53 mm and 1.02 mm, respectively. In this way, the effects of channel configuration and hydraulic diameter on heat transfer and pressure drop for R134a condensation are determined experimentally. In the experimental investigation, the average values of thermal parameters and pressure drop are obtained along the test unit. The experiments are repeated for different saturation temperatures (therefore different saturation pressures) and for different mass fluxes. Condensation data are taken for refrigerant R134a at 32 °C and 42 °C saturation temperatures for all mini channels. Therefore, it has been possible to compare the condensation of coolant R134a in cylindrical and multi-port channels for different saturation temperatures and different mass fluxes. The experimental setup established for this study consists of the following twelve main items: coolant pump, flowmeter to measure the flow rate of the coolant R134a, pre-heating section, heating section (superheater), condensation unit, a transparent Plexiglass heat exchanger covering the condensation unit, a rotameter to measure the flow rate of the cooling water, pre-cooling section, cooling section, a receiver, a thermostatic reservoir for cooling water supply and a data acquisition system. As shown in Figure 1, refrigerant R134a enters the test section at a known vapor quality. It is condensed in the test section against the cooling water flowing in the annulus. The two-phase mixture leaving the test section enters a post- condenser. The subcooled liquid is then passed through a receiver which is in a cooler and the coolant pump. The pump moves the liquid to the pre-heater and the electric post-heater (superheater) which fixes the test section inlet vapor quality. The flowmeter is placed between the pump and the pre-heater to measure refrigerant flow rate in liquid phase. The refrigerant flow rate can be independently controlled by the pump. The inlet vapor quality is determined by the heat input to the electric post heater which can be independently controlled. The test section saturation temperature is controlled by adjusting the cooling water flow rate. The experimental results are investigated in two parts, thermal and hydrodynamic analysis. In the thermal analysis, graphs are obtained for the variation of average heat transfer coefficient with respect to average steam quality. As a result, it is shown that the average heat transfer coefficient increases when the average steam quality is increased. Also, graphs are obtained for the variation of average Nu number with respect to equivalent Re number. Similarly as a result, it is shown that the average Nu number increases when the equivalent Re number is increased. In the hydrodynamic analysis part, graphs are obtained for the variation of the pressure loss due to friction during condensation with respect to average steam quality. Also, other graphs are obtained for the two-phase friction coefficient during condensation with respect to equivalent Re number. As a result, mathematical relations are developed between ftp and Reeq for all mini channels. It is found that the two-phase friction coefficient decreases when the Reeq number is increased similar to Moody chart. As a result, a simple dimensionless correlation is developed for Nu number in refrigerant condensation which is in good agreement with the correlations in literature. Keywords: R134a condensation, heat convective coefficient, friction factor, vertical cylindrical tube, multi-port channels.