Estimating and correcting interference fringes in infrared spectra in infrared hyperspectral imaging

Short-term acclimation response of individual cells of Thalassiosira weissflogii was monitored by Synchrotron FTIR imaging over the span of 75 minutes. The cells, collected from batch cultures, were maintained in a constant flow of medium, at an irradiance of 120 μmol m−2 s−1 and at 20 °C. Multiple internal reflections due to the micro fluidic channel were modeled, and showed that fringes are additive sinusoids to the pure absorption of the other components of the system. Preprocessing of the hyperspectral cube (x, y, Abs(λ)) included removing spectral fringe using an EMSC approach. Principal component analysis of the time series of hyperspectral cubes showed macromolecular pool variations (carbohydrates, lipids and DNA/RNA) of less than 2% after fringe correction

Mimicry and well known genetic friends: molecular diagnosis in an Iranian cohort of suspected Bartter syndrome and proposition of an algorithm for clinical differential diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: Bartter Syndrome is a rare, genetically heterogeneous, mainly autosomal recessively inherited condition characterized by hypochloremic hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis. Mutations in several genes encoding for ion channels localizing to the renal tubules including SLC12A1, KCNJ1, BSND, CLCNKA, CLCNKB, MAGED2 and CASR have been identified as underlying molecular cause. No genetically defined cases have been described in the Iranian population to date. Like for other rare genetic disorders, implementation of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies has greatly facilitated genetic diagnostics and counseling over the last years. In this study, we describe the clinical, biochemical and genetic characteristics of patients from 15 Iranian families with a clinical diagnosis of Bartter Syndrome. RESULTS: Age range of patients included in this study was 3 months to 6 years and all patients showed hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis. 3 patients additionally displayed hypercalciuria, with evidence of nephrocalcinosis in one case. Screening by Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) and long range PCR revealed that 12/17 patients (70%) had a deletion of the entire CLCNKB gene that was previously identified as the most common cause of Bartter Syndrome in other populations. 4/17 individuals (approximately 25% of cases) were found to suffer in fact from pseudo-Bartter syndrome resulting from congenital chloride diarrhea due to a novel homozygous mutation in the SLC26A3 gene, Pendred syndrome due to a known homozygous mutation in SLC26A4, Cystic Fibrosis (CF) due to a novel mutation in CFTR and apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome due to a novel homozygous loss of function mutation in HSD11B2 gene. 1 case (5%) remained unsolved. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate deletion of CLCNKB is the most common cause of Bartter syndrome in Iranian patients and we show that age of onset of clinical symptoms as well as clinical features amongst those patients are variable. Further, using WES we were able to prove that nearly 1/4 patients in fact suffered from Pseudo-Bartter Syndrome, reversing the initial clinical diagnosis with important impact on the subsequent treatment and clinical follow up pathway. Finally, we propose an algorithm for clinical differential diagnosis of Bartter Syndrome

Adaptive Sensorimotor control for navigation

Contains fulltext : 197521.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Radboud University, 06 december 2018Promotor : Celikel, T. Co-promotor : Zeldenrust, F.131 p

Fractions of ruminant feeds: kinetics of degradation in vitro

A widely adopted procedure to characterise the degradation in the rumen and its dynamics is the in situ incubation technique that assumes the washable fraction of feeds (W) to be equal to the soluble (S) fraction and that both are rapidly and completely degraded which may not be the case. Because W fraction is washed out of nylon bags, their behaviour cannot directly be measured. This thesis, therefore, aimed to characterise the degradative behaviour of some important unprocessed and processed concentrate (barley, maize, milo, peas, lupins and faba beans) ingredients and their fractions, using a methodology that fractionates feed samples into its inherent constituents (non-washable, NWF; insoluble washable, ISWF and soluble washable fraction, SWF) in combination with an in vitro gas production technique. The results show that the size of the W fraction obtained in nylon bag studies differs from that of the soluble fraction. Except in lupins, ISWF of the concentrate ingredients was very rich in starch. SWF was relatively rich in ash, crude protein, soluble sugars, anda residualfraction(chemically not determined)but contained only a negligible quantity of starch. The degradative behaviour of this difference (ISWF), measured with in vitro gas production,isvery similar to that of the non-washable fraction. The nature of the VFA profile resulting from the fermentation of the different fractions differs between fractions and changes with time of fermentation. Except in lupins, expander processing decreases the contribution of the truly soluble fraction (SWF) in concentrate ingredients. In maize, milo, peas and faba beans, gelatinised starch serves as a binding agent reducing the size of ISWF. However, the pelleting after expander processing disturbs the binding effect of gelatinised starch to some extent, and increases the size of ISWF. In all cereal grains, faba beans and lupins, thermo-mechanical processing (expander processing and ensuing pelleting) shows a tendency to increase the fractional rate of substrate degradation and rate of gas production at the early stage of fermentation, thereby shifting the pattern of fermentation towards a more glucogenic fermentation. Moreover, it appears that the expander processing and the ensuing pelleting process provides a certain level of protection to dietary protein as represented by a lowered NH 3 -N production. Our data show that grinding the samples of technological processing changes the particle size distribution in the samples of processed material. As a consequence, the kinetics of gas productionchange. When monitoring the effects of feed processing by using an in vitro gas production technique, no grinding prior to in vitro incubation should be applied

RFID sans puce basée sur l'effet micro-Doppler pour application longue portée

-L'article décrit comment les tags RFID sans puce en mouvement peuvent être lus à des distances plus élevées que ce qui se fait actuellement sans tenir compte du déplacement. Le mouvement se traduit par l'apparition d'un champ rétrodiffusé par le tag contenant des fréquences différentes de celles émises par le lecteur selon l'effet Doppler. L'utilisation de ces fréquences non générées par le lecteur augmente considérablement la distance de lecture du tag, notamment en environnement réel. Cet article se focalise sur un mouvement de rotation du tag. La preuve de concept est réalisée sur des dipôles courtcircuités qui sont lus jusqu'à 10 m

RFID sans puce basée sur l'effet micro-Doppler pour application longue portée

International audience-L'article décrit comment les tags RFID sans puce en mouvement peuvent être lus à des distances plus élevées que ce qui se fait actuellement sans tenir compte du déplacement. Le mouvement se traduit par l'apparition d'un champ rétrodiffusé par le tag contenant des fréquences différentes de celles émises par le lecteur selon l'effet Doppler. L'utilisation de ces fréquences non générées par le lecteur augmente considérablement la distance de lecture du tag, notamment en environnement réel. Cet article se focalise sur un mouvement de rotation du tag. La preuve de concept est réalisée sur des dipôles courtcircuités qui sont lus jusqu'à 10 m

Effects of washing procedure, particle size and dilution on the distribution between non-washable, insoluble washable and soluble washable fractions in concentrate ingredients

The effects of washing procedure, particle size and dilution on the distribution of non-washable (NWF), insoluble washable (ISWF) and soluble washable (SWF) fractions were studied. The effects of three washing procedures (Yang (Y), Melin (M) and in situ (IS)) on the size of NWF, ISWF and SWF in six concentrate ingredients (maize, barley, milo, peas, lupins and faba beans), ground at two different particle sizes, were compared. Method M was further developed (method SM) by reducing the dilution ratio; its effect on NWF, ISWF and SWF was compared. A new washing method was developed (method AA) which involved continuous washing of nylon bags in a centrifuge beaker; its effect on NWF, ISWF and SWF at different dilutions with water was compared with the IS, M, SM and Y methods. The effects of different dilutions on SWF and soluble true protein (STP) in six concentrate ingredients were studied. The effects of grain, washing method and particle size on the size of NWF and ISWF were significant, with significant interactions between grain and particle size, grain and washing method, particle size and washing method, but no interaction between grain type, washing method and particle size. In method Y the size of NWF was smaller than in the other methods. The results showed that, except in lupins, NWF in grains was significantly higher than in legume seeds. Increasing the particle size significantly increased NWF, whereas ISWF was decreased. The size of SWF in legume seeds was higher than in the grains. Increasing the dilution, increased STP in legume seeds, but not in grains

High-precision spatial localization of mouse vocalizations during social interaction

Contains fulltext : 174353.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access