2,447 research outputs found
Building Information Modelling (BIM)—versioning for collaborative design
The engineering design process is a complicated activity. It is often characterized by multi-disciplinary teams in multiple places working together on a single project, using different models and software tools. In addition, such activities generate a large amount of data that require exchange among designers and stages of the work. In industry, the current collaboration approaches often focus on integrating and managing multiple models from multi-designers. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is playing a major role in facilitating collaboration. BIM provides an opportunity to electronically model and manage the vast amount of information embedded in a building project, from conception to completion. In the building design process, changes and modifications are inevitable even in the contemporary BIM approach. Such changes need to be well managed to keep track of changes to ensure that designers have an up-to-date version of the BIM model. The main goal of this research is to develop a collaborative BIM platform that tackles the challenges of integrating object versioning, as a change management approach, and an IFC model, as data representation of BIM. This has been done through suggesting new IFC extensions to add further concepts representing the history of changing to any object of the model. It also explores possibilities of adding or merging object-based change information to existing BIM models to enable the representation of design intentions, identification of affected changes numerically and visually. A prototype system is implemented in C#, using .NET framework and Revit API platform. This paper concludes that the proposed system can contribute to improving collaboration - in terms of tracking and management of affected changes during multi-disciplinary design process
Analysis of Awareness Level of Agricultural Insurance among the Stakeholders in Punjab
The flagship program Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana was launched on 13th January 2016 that aims to improve the productivity and earnings of farmers and Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS) aims to mitigate the hardship of the insured farmers against the likelihood of financial loss on account of anticipated crop loss resulting from adverse weather conditions which was restructured and launched by GOI in March, 2016. Both the schemes PMFBY & MWBCIS have not been implemented in the state of Punjab but there have been wide publicity of both the schemes at district level camps organised by the Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). Keeping in view this study analyses the awareness level of these two schemes were among the three stakeholders viz; scientists, extensionists and farmers. Majority of the scientists aware about of the features of PMFBY& WBCIS like coverage of crop, risk coverage whereas less aware about the post-harvest coverage losses. Only 37 percent of scientists were aware about the insurance unit to be village panchayat where as 28 percent of scientists were aware that the sum insured in same for loanee and non loanee farmers and similar trend of awareness was also found for the extensionists. Almost more than half of the progressive farmers were aware regarding the various aspects of PMFBY. There is a need to make the famers aware about crop/weather insurance through awareness programme. Insurance education can be incorporated into various training programmes organized on risk management
Connections between the stability of a Poincare map and boundedness of certain associate sequences
Let and be two natural numbers and let be the -periodic discrete evolution family of matrices, having complex scalars as entries, generated by -valued, -periodic sequence of matrices We prove that the solution of the following discrete problem is bounded for each and each -vector if the Poincare map is stable. The converse statement is also true if we add a new assumption to the boundedness condition. This new assumption refers to the invertibility for each of the matrix By an example it is shown that the assumption on invertibility cannot be removed. Finally, a strong variant of Barbashin's type theorem is proved
Attraction of Planococcus ficus males to racemic and chiral pheromone baits: flight activity and bait longevity
The vine mealybug (VM), Planococcus ficus (Signoret), is a worldwide pest
and affects mainly grapevine and figs. In Israel, (S)-lavandulyl senecioate
[(S)-LS] and (S)-lavandulyl isovalerate [(S)-LI] were identified from
VM reared for several generations on potato sprouts, when compared
with the identification of only (S)-LS from feral females. Racemic lavandulyl
senecioate (LS) can be used for fieldwork because the unnatural
enantiomer is benign and does not affect the activity of the pheromone.
Lures loaded with 200 lg of LS remained active for 24 weeks but it is
recommended to replace lures after 12 weeks to preserve constant and
high attractiveness. Delta sticky traps, baited with 50 or 200 lg of LS
were used to determine the daily flight pattern and the seasonal flight
activity including vine plant infestation. A positive correlation between
peak mealybug density and male capture was observed strengthening
the usefulness of the pheromone traps for monitoring the pest. Addition
of racemic or the two enantiomers of lavandulyl isovalerate (LI) to LS
decreased the capture of VM males. The level of inhibition varied during
2003–2004. Both enantiomers of LI displayed the same antagonistic
activity. Addition of (S)-lavandulol to the pheromone resulted in shutdown
of the traps. Inhibition by the antipode, (R)-lavandulol, was moderate
indicating a certain degree of chiral discriminatio
Kairomonal response of the parasitoid Anagyrus spec. nov. near pseudococci to the sex pheromone of the vine mealybug
The occurrence of a kairomonal response of the parasitoid
Anagyrus
spec. nov. near
pseudococci
(Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) to (+)-(1
R,
3
R
)-
cis
-2,2-dimethyl-3-isopropenyl-cyclobutanemethanol
acetate (PcA, namely, planococcyl acetate) and (
S
)-(+)-lavandulyl senecioate (LS), the respective
female sex pheromones of its hosts, the citrus mealybug,
Planococcus citri
(Risso) and the vine mealybug,
Planococcus ficus
(Signoret) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) was investigated. Attraction to the
pheromones was tested by employing pheromone traps in field trials and by static air olfactometer
bioassays in the laboratory. Female wasps showed a significant response to LS, in both field and
olfactometer experiments. No significant response was registered to the sex pheromone of
P. citri.
Despite the similarity between the structures of LS and its analogue (
S
)
-
(+)-lavandulyl isovalerate
(LI), no significant response to the latter compound was observed. It seems that differences between
the structures of the carboxylate moiety of the respective molecules (LS and LI) markedly affect the
kairomonal attractiveness to the parasitoid. The kairomonal response of
Anagyrus
spec. nov. near
pseudococci
was neither influenced by the host habitat nor by the host species on which it developed. This suggested
innate behaviour of
Anagyrus
spec. nov. near
pseudococci
, possibly derived from evolutionary relationships
between the parasitoid and
P. ficus
. The practical implications of the results are discussed
Improved visible-light activities of nanocrystalline CdS by coupling with ultrafine NbN with lattice matching for hydrogen evolution
Metallic ultrafine NbN with lattice matching to nanocrystalline CdS could replace the expensive platinum for efficiently trapping photogenerated electrons, enhancing charge separation and then activating the preferentially adsorbed H_{2}O to produce H_{2}, mainly confirmed by Kelvin probe experiments, Mott–Schottky plots, amount of ˙OH produced, electrochemical experiments and density-functional-theory calculations
Epidural Blood Patch for the Treatment of Abducens Nerve Palsy due to Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension -A Case Report-
Intracranial hypotension is characterized by a postural headache which is relieved in a supine position and worsened in a sitting or standing position. Although less commonly reported than postural headache, sixth nerve palsy has also been observed in intracranial hypotension. The epidural blood patch (EBP) has been performed for postdural puncture headache, but little is known about the proper timing of EBP in the treatment of sixth nerve palsy due to intracranial hypotension. This article reports a case of sixth nerve palsy due to spontaneous intracranial hypotension which was treated by EBP 10 days after the onset of palsy
The Importance of Patch Size in Estimating Steady-State Bite Rate in Grazing Cattle
Since the pioneering work of Black and Kenney (1984), various intake studies have been conducted at the spatial scale of a single feeding station ( patch ) to elucidate the processes that determine instantaneous intake rate (e.g. Laca et al., 1994). While these are well-suited for patch depletion studies, it is less clear how well they represent non-patchy and relatively homogeneous environments (Ungar & Griffiths, 2002). Clearly, grazing should be restricted to the upper grazing horizon (i.e. layer of bites), but sample duration may be insufficient to characterize steady-state behaviour, especially when grazing commences on an empty mouth. We examined the impact of feeding station size on bite rate and jaw movement allocation between bites and chews
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