Whey-derived peptides interactions with ACE by molecular docking as a potential predictive tool of natural ACE inhibitors

Several milk/whey derived peptides possess high in vitro angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. However, in some cases, poor correlation between the in vitro ACE inhibitory activity and the in vivo antihypertensive activity has been observed. The aim of this study is to gain insight into the structure-activity relationship of peptide sequences present in whey/milk protein hydrolysates with high ACE inhibitory activity, which could lead to a better understanding and prediction of their in vivo antihypertensive activity. The potential interactions between peptides produced from whey proteins, previously reported as high ACE inhibitors such as IPP, LIVTQ, IIAE, LVYPFP, and human ACE were assessed using a molecular docking approach. The results show that peptides IIAE, LIVTQ, and LVYPFP formed strong H bonds with the amino acids Gln 259, His 331, and Thr 358 in the active site of the human ACE. Interestingly, the same residues were found to form strong hydrogen bonds with the ACE inhibitory drug Sampatrilat. Furthermore, peptides IIAE and LVYPFP interacted with the amino acid residues Gln 259 and His 331, respectively, also in common with other ACE-inhibitory drugs such as Captopril, Lisinopril and Elanapril. Additionally, IIAE interacted with the amino acid residue Asp 140 in common with Lisinopril, and LIVTQ interacted with Ala 332 in common with both Lisinopril and Elanapril. The peptides produced naturally from whey by enzymatic hydrolysis interacted with residues of the human ACE in common with potent ACE-inhibitory drugs which suggests that these natural peptides may be potent ACE inhibitors

Winds of Power: Data Analysis for the Relationship between Wind Speed, Gust, and Power Output

Wind turbines are the most cost-effective and quickly evolving renewable energy technology. Benefits of this technology include no carbon emissions, resource conservation, job creation, flexible applications, modularity, fast installation, rural power grid improvement, and potential for agricultural or industrial use

Winds of Power: Data Analysis for the Relationship between Wind Speed, Gust, and Power Output

Wind turbines are the most cost-effective and quickly evolving renewable energy technology. Benefits of this technology include no carbon emissions, resource conservation, job creation, flexible applications, modularity, fast installation, rural power grid improvement, and potential for agricultural or industrial use

BUDHIES I: characterizing the environments in and around two clusters at z~0.2

We present the optical spectroscopy for the Blind Ultra Deep HI Environmental Survey (BUDHIES). With the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope, BUDHIES has detected HI in over 150 galaxies in and around two Abell clusters at z~0.2. With the aim of characterizing the environments of the HI-detected galaxies, we obtained multi-fiber spectroscopy with the William Herschel Telescope. In this paper, we describe the spectroscopic observations, report redshifts and EW[OII] measurements for ~600 galaxies, and perform an environmental analysis. In particular, we present cluster velocity dispersion measurements for 5 clusters and groups in the BUDHIES volume, as well as a detailed substructure analysis.Comment: v2: Typos and small corrections after proofs added. 14 pages (plus small appendix), 12 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Adobe Acrobat Reader is required to correctly display the (3D) animated figures (Fig. 9). Full data tables and supporting videos are also available at the BUDHIES project website: http://www.astro.rug.nl/budhies

Effect Of Croton Urucurana Baill. extracts against Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

As formigas cortadeiras do gênero Atta causam sérios problemas à agricultura brasileira. Atualmente, buscam-se substâncias que sejam específicas a essas formigas, ao seu fungo simbionte ou a ambos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se a aplicação tópica direta de extratos hexânico, diclorometânico e metanólico de folhas de Croton urucurana influenciam a taxa de mortalidade das operárias. Apesar de dados anteriores demonstrarem o efeito inseticida dessa espécie de Croton, não foi verificada diferença significativa na taxa de mortalidade das formigas tratadas com os extratos e o controle. No entanto, novos bioensaios usando o fungo simbionte devem ser realizados

New Solutions for System of Fractional Integro-Differential Equations and Abel’s Integral Equations by Chebyshev Spectral Method

Chebyshev spectral method based on operational matrix is applied to both systems of fractional integro-differential equations and Abel’s integral equations. Some test problems, for which the exact solution is known, are considered. Numerical results with comparisons are made to confirm the reliability of the method. Chebyshev spectral method may be considered as alternative and efficient technique for finding the approximation of system of fractional integro-differential equations and Abel’s integral equations

Seed quality of high protein corn lines in low input and conventional farming systems

Seed quality is a major issue for crop establishment especially in low input farming systems, where varieties often grow under more stressful conditions than in conventional farming systems. Corn (Zea mays L.) seed for organic (low input) production will eventually need to be grown organically, thus research is needed to ensure excellent seed quality in organic corn seed production. The objective of this study was to compare seed quality and composition differences between a group of high protein corn genotypes grown under low input and conventional farming systems, and to compare the relative seed quality of these genotypes to two well known inbreds, B73 or Mo17. Twenty high protein breeding genotypes were planted during two growing seasons in conventional and organic nurseries near Ames, Iowa, to produce seeds for laboratory tests. The germination, saturated cold, accelerated aging, and soak test percentages of seeds produced organically were 5 to 11% lower than for seeds produced conventionally. Protein, measured by near-infrared reflectance, was unaffected by the production location, but the oil content of seeds produced organically was significantly higher (between 0.2 and 0.3% higher) than in the conventional system. Location by genotype interactions for most tests were non significant both years, indicating that genotypes selected for high seed quality in a conventional system will also have high seed quality when grown in a low input, organic system

Sriwijaya Motorcycle Security: Sistem Keamanan Sepeda Motor Menggunakan Password Berbasis Mikrokontroler Atmega8535

Nowadays, people prefer to choose motorcycle as their transportation. But, security of motorcycle isn\u27t enough to protect the motorcycle from being stolen. Therefore, this program is called Sriwijaya Motorcycle Security (SMS) to find out working system and excellence of SMS. Manufacture of SMS is started by simulation program using Proteus 7. It was performed to create program using C language with compiler code vision AVR, to run microcontroller ATMega8535. After the simulation is running perfectly, the preparation of the prototype and the implementation at motorcycle were carried out. Without entering password, the motorcycle is useless and cannot be run. This product is expected to reduce the rate of motorcycle being stolen