Exact finite elements for conduction and convection

An approach for developing exact one dimensional conduction-convection finite elements is presented. Exact interpolation functions are derived based on solutions to the governing differential equations by employing a nodeless parameter. Exact interpolation functions are presented for combined heat transfer in several solids of different shapes, and for combined heat transfer in a flow passage. Numerical results demonstrate that exact one dimensional elements offer advantages over elements based on approximate interpolation functions

Integrated transient thermal-structural finite element analysis

An integrated thermal structural finite element approach for efficient coupling of transient thermal and structural analysis is presented. Integrated thermal structural rod and one dimensional axisymmetric elements considering conduction and convection are developed and used in transient thermal structural applications. The improved accuracy of the integrated approach is illustrated by comparisons with exact transient heat conduction elasticity solutions and conventional finite element thermal finite element structural analyses

On placement and dynamic power control of femtocells in LTE HetNets

Femto cells a.k.a. Low Power Nodes (LPNs) are used to improve indoor data rates as well as to reduce traffic load on macro Base Stations (BSs) in LTE cellular networks. These LPNs are deployed inside office buildings and residential apartment complexes to provide high data rates to indoor Users. With high SINR (Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio) the users experience good throughput, but the SINR decreases significantly because of interference and obstacles such as building walls, present in the communication path. So, efficient placement of Femtos in buildings while considering Macro-Femto interference is very crucial for attaining desirable SINR. At the same time, minimizing the power leakage in order to improve the signal strength of outdoor users in a high interference (HIZone) around the building area is important. In our work, we have considered obstacles (walls, floors) and interference between Macro and Femto BSs. To be fair to both indoor and outdoor users, we designed an efficient placement and power control SON (Self organizing Network) algorithm which optimally places Femtos and dynamically adjusts the transmission power of Femtos based on the occupancy of Macro users in the HIZone. To do this, we solve two Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) methods namely: Minimize number of Femtos (MinNF) method which guarantees threshold SINR (SINRTh) -2dB for all indoor users and optimal Femto power (OptFP) allocation method which guarantees SINRTh (- 4 dB) for indoor users with the Macro users SINR degradation as lesser than 2dB

Avoiding Alignment-based Conservativity Violations through Dialogue

A number of ontology matching techniques have been proposed that rely on full disclosure of their ontological models prior to the construction of the alignment. However, within open and opportunistic environments, such approaches may not always be pragmatic or even acceptable (due to privacy concerns). Several studies have focussed on collaborative, decentralised approaches to ontology alignment, where agents negotiate the acceptability of correspondences (i.e. mappings between corresponding entities in different ontologies) acquired from past encounters, or try to ascertain novel correspondences on the fly. However, such approaches can lead to logical flaws that may undermine their utility. In this paper, we extend a dialogical approach to correspondence negotiation, whereby agents not only exchange details of possible correspondences, but also identify potential violations to the so-called conservativity principle, where novel but undesirable entailments between named concepts in one of the input ontologies emerge. We present a formal model of the dialogue, and show how \conservativity violations can be repaired (using an existing correspondence repair system) during the dialogue through the exchange of repairs. We then illustrate how agents negotiate over possible correspondences and repairs by means of a walkthrough example

A novel scheduling algorithm to maximize the D2D spatial reuse in LTE networks

In order to offload base station (BS) traffic and to enhance efficiency of spectrum, operators can activate many Device-to-Device (D2D) pairs or links in LTE networks. This increases the overall spectral efficiency because the same Resource Blocks (RBs) are used across cellular UEs (CUEs) (i.e., all UEs connected to BS for both C-Plane and D-plane communication) and D2D links (i.e., where the UEs are connected to BS only for C-plane communication). However, significant interference problems can be caused by D2D communications as the same RBs are being shared. In our work, we address this problem by proposing a novel scheduling algorithm, Efficient Scheduling and Power control Algorithm for D2Ds (ESPAD), which reuses the same RBs and tries to maximize the overall network throughput without affecting the CUEs throughput. ESPAD algorithm also ensures that Signal to Noise plus Interference Ratio (SINR) for each of the D2D links is maintained above a certain predefined threshold. The aforementioned properties of ESPAD algorithm makes sure that the CUEs do not experience very high interference from the D2Ds. It is observed that even when the SINRdrop (i.e., maximum permissible drop in SINR of CUEs) is as high as 10 dB, there is no drastic decrease in CUEs throughput (only 3.78%). We also compare our algorithm against other algorithms and show that D2D throughput improves drastically without undermining CUEs throughput

Distributed quantum metrology with a single squeezed-vacuum source

We propose an interferometric scheme for the estimation of a linear combination with non-negative weights of an arbitrary number M > 1 of unknown phase delays, distributed across an M-channel linear optical network, with Heisenberg-limited sensitivity. This is achieved without the need of any sources of photon-number or entangled states, photon-number-resolving detectors, or auxiliary interferometric channels. Indeed, the proposed protocol remarkably relies upon a single squeezed-state source, an antisqueezing operation at the interferometer output, and on-off photodetectors

Nutraceuticals and their role in tumor angiogenesis

Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in cancer initiation, maintenance, and progression. Diet may inhibit, retard or reverse these processes affecting angiogenesis (angioprevention). Nutraceuticals, such as omega-3 fatty acids, amino acids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, fibers, and phenolic compounds, improve health benefits as they are a source of bioactive compounds that, among other effects, can regulate angiogenesis. The literature concerning the pro-angiogenic and/or anti-angiogenic nutraceuticals and the possible activated pathways in cancer and other non-neoplastic diseases by in vivo and in vitro experiments are reviewed

Heisenberg scaling precision in multi-mode distributed quantum metrology

We consider the estimation of an arbitrary parameter φ, such as the temperature or a magnetic field, affecting in a distributed manner the components of an arbitrary linear optical passive network, such as an integrated chip. We demonstrate that Heisenberg scaling precision (i.e. of the order of 1/N, where N is the number of probe photons) can be achieved without any iterative adaptation of the interferometer hardware and by using only a simple, single, squeezed light source and well-established homodyne measurements techniques. Furthermore, no constraint on the possible values of the parameter is needed but only a preliminary shot-noise estimation (i.e. with a precision of) easily achievable without any quantum resources. Indeed, such a classical knowledge of the parameter is enough to prepare a single, suitable optical stage either at the input or the output of the network to monitor with Heisenberg-limited precision any variation of the parameter to the order of without the need to iteratively modify such a stage

A Cloud Native Solution for Dynamic Auto Scaling of MME in LTE

Due to rapid growth in the use of mobile devices and as a vital carrier of IoT traffic, mobile networks need to undergo infrastructure wide revisions to meet explosive traffic demand. In addition to data traffic, there has been a significant rise in the control signaling overhead due to dense deployment of small cells and IoT devices. Adoption of technologies like cloud computing, Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is impressively successful in mitigating the existing challenges and driving the path towards 5G evolution. However, issues pertaining to scalability, ease of use, service resiliency, and high availability need considerable study for successful roll out of production grade 5G solutions in cloud. In this work, we propose a scalable Cloud Native Solution for Mobility Management Entity (CNS-MME) of mobile core in a production data center based on micro service architecture. The micro services are lightweight MME functionalities, in contrast to monolithic MME in Long Term Evolution (LTE). The proposed architecture is highly available and supports auto-scaling to dynamically scale-up and scale-down required micro services for load balancing. The performance of proposed CNS-MME architecture is evaluated against monolithic MME in terms of scalability, auto scaling of the service, resource utilization of MME, and efficient load balancing features. We observed that, compared to monolithic MME architecture, CNS-MME provides 7% higher MME throughput and also reduces the processing resource consumption by 26%