203 research outputs found
Isometries, submetries and distance coordinates on Finsler manifolds
This paper considers fundamental issues related to Finslerian iso-
metries, submetries, distance and geodesics. It is shown that at each
point of a Finsler manifold there is a distance coordinate system. Us-
ing distance coordinates, a simple proof is given for the Finslerian
version of the Myers-Steenrod theorem and for the differentiability of
Finslerian submetries
The Berwald-type linearisation of generalised connections
We study the existence of a natural `linearisation' process for generalised
connections on an affine bundle. It is shown that this leads to an affine
generalised connection over a prolonged bundle, which is the analogue of what
is called a connection of Berwald type in the standard theory of connections.
Various new insights are being obtained in the fine structure of affine bundles
over an anchored vector bundle and affineness of generalised connections on
such bundles.Comment: 25 page
A setting for higher order differential equations fields and higher order Lagrange and Finsler spaces
We use the Fr\"olicher-Nijenhuis formalism to reformulate the inverse problem
of the calculus of variations for a system of differential equations of order
2k in terms of a semi-basic 1-form of order k. Within this general context, we
use the homogeneity proposed by Crampin and Saunders in [14] to formulate and
discuss the projective metrizability problem for higher order differential
equation fields. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for higher
order projectivpre-e metrizability in terms of homogeneous semi-basic 1-forms.
Such a semi-basic 1-form is the Poincar\'e-Cartan 1-form of a higher order
Finsler function, while the potential of such semi-basic 1-form is a higher
order Finsler function.Comment: final, pre-published versio
Veliparib in Combination With Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for First-Line Treatment of Advanced Squamous Cell Lung Cancer: A Randomized, Multicenter Phase III Study
Prospects for at CERN in NA62
The NA62 experiment will begin taking data in 2015. Its primary purpose is a
10% measurement of the branching ratio of the ultrarare kaon decay , using the decay in flight of kaons in an unseparated
beam with momentum 75 GeV/c.The detector and analysis technique are described
here.Comment: 8 pages for proceedings of 50 Years of CP
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Regulate Susceptibility to Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
Background: Mechanical ventilation causes ventilator-induced lung injury in animals and humans. Mitogen-activated protein kinases have been implicated in ventilator-induced lung injury though their functional significance remains incomplete. We characterize the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/mitogen activated protein kinase kinase-3 and c-jun-NH2-terminal kinase-1 in ventilator-induced lung injury and investigate novel independent mechanisms contributing to lung injury during mechanical ventilation. Methodology and Principle Findings: C57/BL6 wild-type mice and mice genetically deleted for mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-3 (mkk-3-/-) or c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase-1 (jnk1-/-) were ventilated, and lung injury parameters were assessed. We demonstrate that mkk3-/- or jnk1-/- mice displayed significantly reduced inflammatory lung injury and apoptosis relative to wild-type mice. Since jnk1-/- mice were highly resistant to ventilator-induced lung injury, we performed comprehensive gene expression profiling of ventilated wild-type or jnk1-/- mice to identify novel candidate genes which may play critical roles in the pathogenesis of ventilator-induced lung injury. Microarray analysis revealed many novel genes differentially expressed by ventilation including matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP8) and GAFF45α. Functional characterization of MMP8 revealed that mmp8-/- mice were sensitized to ventilator-induced lung injury with increased lung vascular permeability. Conclusion: We demonstrate that mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways mediate inflammatory lung injury during ventilator-induced lung injury. C-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase was also involved in alveolo-capillary leakage and edema formation, whereas MMP8 inhibited alveolo-capillary protein leakage. © 2008 Dolinay et al
Externalities and the nucleolus
In most economic applications, externalities prevail: the worth of a coalition depends on how the other players are organized. We show that there is a unique natural way of extending the nucleolus from (coalitional) games without externalities to games with externalities. This is in contrast to the Shapley value and the core for which many different extensions have been proposed
Selection of the silicon sensor thickness for the Phase-2 upgrade of the CMS Outer Tracker
During the operation of the CMS experiment at the High-Luminosity LHC the silicon sensors of the Phase-2 Outer Tracker will be exposed to radiation levels that could potentially deteriorate their performance. Previous studies had determined that planar float zone silicon with n-doped strips on a p-doped substrate was preferred over p-doped strips on an n-doped substrate. The last step in evaluating the optimal design for the mass production of about 200 m of silicon sensors was to compare sensors of baseline thickness (about 300 μm) to thinned sensors (about 240 μm), which promised several benefits at high radiation levels because of the higher electric fields at the same bias voltage. This study provides a direct comparison of these two thicknesses in terms of sensor characteristics as well as charge collection and hit efficiency for fluences up to 1.5 × 10 n/cm. The measurement results demonstrate that sensors with about 300 μm thickness will ensure excellent tracking performance even at the highest considered fluence levels expected for the Phase-2 Outer Tracker
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