Eksistensi Tokoh dalam Novel Kubah Karya Ahmad Tohari

This study discusses the existence of each character in the novel Kubah by Ahmad Tohari. In this study, there is a problem formulation that examines how the existence of a character in the novel Kubah by Ahmad Tohari and aims to describe the existence of a character in the novel Dome by Ahmad Tohari. The source of data that became the object of this research is the novel Dome by Ahmad Tohari. The research data that writers look for in the form of sentences and quotations of dialogue related to the existence of characters who experienced three stages of existence, namely the aesthetic stage, ethical stage and religious stage. The research method used is a qualitative method that describes the description data. Technique of collecting data in this research is literature study. While the analysis technique used is reducing data, presenting the data and drawing the final conclusion. The data of this study amounted to 53 consisting of 13 characters, each character experienced three stages of existence that is the existence of the aesthetic stage, the existence of the ethical stage and the existence of the religious stage. The details of 53 data are as follows, at the aesthetic stage found 13 data, the existence of the ethical stage found 22 data, and the existence of the religious stage found 18 data

Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Daun Sereh (Cymbopogon Nardus L. Rendle) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Penyebab Jerawat: Anti Bacterial Activity Test of Extract Gel Formulation of Lemongrass Leaves (Cymbopogon Nardus L. Rendle) on Staphylococcus Aureus Acne Causing Bacteria

Penelitian tentang uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan gel ekstrak daun sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.Rendle) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi karbopol, konsentrasi ekstrak, dan kombinasi keduanya terhadap stabilitas gel dan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstrak daun sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.Rendle) diperoleh dengan cara maserasi dengan etanol 96%. Desain penelitian menggunakan analisis data ANOVA rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan  variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%  dan karbopol sebagai basis gel dengan konsentrasi 0,5%, 1% dan 2%. Evaluasi stabilitas sediaan mencakup uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji viskositas, dan uji aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi ekstrak mempengaruhi stabilitas dan aktivitas antibakteri gel ekstrak daun sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.Rendle). Variasi konsentrasi karbopol mempengaruhi aktivitas antibakteri tetapi tidak mempengaruhi stabilitas. Kombinasi variasi konsentrasi karbopol dan ekstrak mempengaruhi aktivitas antibakteri. Kombinasi perlakuan yang baik diperoleh pada formula A2B4, karena memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi yaitu 14,56 mm

Kecepatan Membaca Efektif Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Tembilahan Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir

This study titled The Effective Reading Speed class XI student of SMA Negeri 2 Tembilahan, Indragiri Hilir Regency. The problem in the study of how fast effective reading is, there any difference in the effective speed reading samples per group, per rank, per ethnic, per department and per gender is. The method used is descriptive method, with a total sample of 146 students in class XI SMA Negeri 2 Tembilahan. Data collection techniques to provide a test reading paragraphs exposition, consisting of four topics, such as Religion, Sports, Education and Environment. Every topic paragraph exposition consists of 60-160 wpm. The time process of reading paragraph is calculated by the researchers. After that, the students were given a multiple choice test consisting of five questions and five answers per topic selection. Then researchers correcting students' answer sh using the reading speed formula. To know there any difference is in the speed of reading per group of samples, per rank, per ethnic, calculated using ANOVA. Per department, and per gender, calculated using the t test. If ANOVA rejected, counting is used again with the t test. Based on the research, the result that (1) the speed of effective reading low category (2) the speed of effective reading per different sample group, science class in speed reading higher than social class, the reading speed of science class is low category and social class is very low category (3) The speed Effective reading per rank is different, the first is high category ranking and the second ranked low category, ranking third category is very low (4) The effective reading speed per ethnic is the same or no difference (5) the effective reading speed by different departments, the speed reading of science majors (141 , 27 as low category) is higher than the social majors (114.99 as very low category) (6) effective reading speed per gender, women effective speed reading higher 136.86) than men (120.67) but as same as low category. Overall, it can be concluded that the effective speed reading class XI student of SMAN 2 Tembilahan Indragiri Hilir Regency has low category which is between 120-150 wpm

Evaluation of BIM Education for Quantity Surveying: A Review of Teaching Approaches

Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology has become increasingly well-known among construction industry players throughout the world. It is known as a process that offers numerous benefits by the implementation in the industry. Almost 50% of practitioners in construction industry is using BIM. Quantity Surveyors (QS) are one of the important main professionals in construction industry who should have an adequate and sufficient BIM knowledge and skills. Equivalent to this, based on the educational perspective it is clear that there is a growing need for universities to provide their graduates with appropriate BIM-related skills. Although the educational frameworks that have been established for academic purposes in Malaysia, still, it is in doubt whether this framework is parallel with industry’s demand and also whether the knowledge and skills provided sufficient with industry’s requirements. It is crucial to recognize the applicable teaching approach for BIM educations in order to ensure students capable in applying BIM tools and meet the expectation of industry. This paper reviews the BIM teaching approaches and the BIM module applied in QS undergraduate program.   Keywords: BIM, quantity surveyors, QS education, teaching approach, Malaysi

Design And Development Of High Frequency High Power Transformer For Renewable Energy Application.

This paper presents a design and fabrication of a high frequency transformer for 5 kW power rating. Within an operating frequency of 25 kHz, a MnZn P type core has been utilized. Two set of E-E geometry cores had to be stacked in order to achieve rhe calculated 64.14 cm4 of the W^Ac volume. Test and validation of the designed shows that the prototype designed tansformer had proven to be very compact, higher fill factor, smaller in size, lighter in weight if compared to other winding approaches which utilizing copper round wires. The measured overall losses of the transformer itself were remain below the expected value of 32.974 W. The efficiency of the transformer was found to be at 93% average. Overall test results also show that the design and implementation of this high frequency power transformer is applicable especially fo renewable energy system.

Optimization of Interdigitated Electrodes in Electric Field Distribution and Thermal Effect

Microfluidic is used to separate, transport and manipulate particles through a micro-scale device. This paper presents the numerical simulation of interdigitated electrodes that is commonly used for continuous particle separation using electrical separation microfluidic device which demonstrates dielectrophoretic (DEP) force. The strength of DEP force depends on the gradient of electric field generated by the electrodes. Besides, the effect of Joule heating generated by the electrodes would harm the living particles. The interdigitated electrodes arrays are simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5. The gradient of electric field distribution and temperature generated are simulated for different width and gap of the electrode. The simulation results are analysed and discussed to determine the best electrode dimension to be fabricated for bio-particles separation application. The optimum interdigitated electrode dimension identified in this research was 60µm:180µm (width:gap) that generate 1.92x1016 V2m-3 of electric field gradient and temperature of 68°C on the electrode surface, and electric field gradient of 1.83x1013 V2m-3 and temperature about 40°C when 80µm above the electrode with the conductivity of the fluid is 1.09 S/m (mimic blood conductivity)

Effect of high temperature solution heat treatment time on quality index and morphology of A356 DC alloy

Al-Si die casting Aluminum Alloys, such as A380 and A356 are extensively used in automotive die casting applications due to low thermal expansion coefficient and excellent mechanical properties. The relatively high Silicon (Si) content is inevitable in these alloys due to its role in increasing fluidity and reducing shrinkage. However, Si-phase morphology often have an impact on the mechanical properties. This study aims to highlight how altering the morphology of Si phase in A356 can influence the mechanical properties by the mean of solution heat treatment. High temperature solution heat treatment was applied for 1, 4, 6, and 8 h to investigate the effect on mechanical properties and morphology of A356. The solutionization results in significant improvement to the alloy Quality Index. The solution treatment also results in lowering ultimate tensile strength (UTS) while increasing the elongation of the alloy. The microscopic observation reveals that lamellar eutectic Si structure is broken upon solution heat treatment and subsequently spheroidizes into smaller granular structure, which results in improvement of the elongation and Quality Index

ASSIMILATING GEOSPATIAL METAMODEL AND INVENTORY MAPPING FOR NON-STRUCTURAL MITIGATION OF LANDSLIDE

In Malaysia, issues related to disaster management are always given attention in society and by the responsible parties. However, in general, citizen do not think of the consequential impact of disaster due to less of knowledge regarding the early phase in disaster management. Therefore, citizen in those areas will be more vulnerable to landslide as the citizen face difficulties in identifying specific areas with the tendency of landslides. This paper presents a geospatial metamodel approach for non-structural mitigation of landslide using data from airborne LiDAR and aerial photograph. Disaster management metamodel with geospatial element combines activity for managing disaster along with geospatial database that makes it handy for appreciating the metamodel. On the other hand, the digital terrain model (DTM) from LiDAR and aerial photograph is required to produce landslide inventory mapping. The case study area is located in Kundasang, Sabah, where landslides occur frequently. In order to get better visual in identifying landslides in the study area, three types of data are required to carry out image interpretation. The three types of data are hillshade, topographic openness and colour composite. The result of the landslide inventory map shows that there are five types of landslide, which is debris flow, debris fall, mud flow, deep-seated landslide and shallow landslide. Finally, the result of landslide inventory map will be integrated into the developed metamodel for presentation to the users. This landslide inventory map is used as a non-structural mitigation step in one of disaster management phases that is suitable to prepare and use in mitigating the landslide hazard impact

Effect of Surface Hardness on Joint Contact Forces during Barefoot Running: A Pilot Study

This paper presents an experimental pilot study on the effect of different surface hardness to the joint contact force during barefoot running. Peak joint contact forces during the stance phase of a male subject that running barefoot on three types of surface with different hardness level (concrete, artificial grass and rubber) were investigated experimentally. Differences in peak joint contact force at the ankle, medial tibiofemoral, lateral tibiofemoral, hip and patellofemoral due to surface effects were analysed using Freebody (Version2.1) software. The result showed that the pattern of peak joint contact force was similar for ankle with medial tibiofemoral and hip with lateral patellofemoral. The joint contact force was varied in the varying of the surface hardness. The correlation between various surface hardness and joint contact force was found at the ankle and medial tibiofemoral joint. However, the findings of this pilot study provide the insight into the method and approach selected for the experiment be suitable for an actual experiment for more subjects

Inoculation of fowlpox viruses coexpressing avian influenza H5 and chicken IL-15 cytokine gene stimulates diverse host immune responses

Fowlpox virus (FWPV) has been used as a recombinant vaccine vector to express antigens from several important avian pathogens. Attempts have been made to improve vaccine strains induced-host immune responses by coexpressing cytokines. This study describes the construction of recombinant FWPV (rFWPV) strain FP9 and immunological responses in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, co-expressing avian influenza virus (AIV) H5 of A/Chicken/Malaysia/5858/2004, and chicken IL-15 cytokine genes. Expression of H5 (50 kD) was confirmed by western blotting. Anti-H5 antibodies, which were measured by the haemagglutinin inhibition test, were at the highest levels at Week 3 post-inoculation in both rFWPV/H5- and rFWPV/H5/IL-15-vaccinated chickens, but decreased to undetectable levels from Week 5 onwards. CD3+/CD4+ or CD3+/CD8+T cell populations, assessed using flow cytometry, were significantly increased in both WT FP9- and rFWPV/H5-vaccinated chickens and were also higher than in rFWPV/H5/IL-15- vaccinated chickens, at Week 2. Gene expression analysis using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) demonstrated upregulation of IL-15 expression in all vaccinated groups with rFWPV/H5/IL-15 having the highest fold change, at day 2 (117±51.53). Despite showing upregulation, fold change values of the IL-18 expression were below 1.00 for all vaccinated groups at day 2, 4 and 6. This study shows successful construction of rFWPV/H5 co-expressing IL-15, with modified immunogenicity upon inoculation into SPF chickens