High prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (blaCTX-M-15) and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) genes among high-level carbapenem resistance Klebsiella pneumonia: an alarm for our health system

Background: The extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) carbapenems-resistant Klebsiella isolates are considered one of the most significant challenging in the treatment of patients in hospitals. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of important carbapenem resistance genes ESBL subtypes and between K. pneumoniae from patients at hospital in Tehran, Iran.Methods: Fifty-four isolates of K. pneumoniae were isolated from Shariatee Hospital in Tehran from February 2013 to July 2016. Antibiotic testing was done by using the standard disk diffusion method and E-test MIC. The confirmation of carbapenemase activity was performed using an MHT and a new method called the carbapenem inactivation method test (CIM). Finally, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of related genes was performed.Results: Our PCR data demonstrate that blaCTX-M group’s 40 (81.4%) genes were the most prevalent in our hospital followed by group genes blaCTX-M-3 (18.51%) and blaCTX-M-2 (20.38%). The distribution of the CTX-M group revealed that blaCTX-M-15 23 (42.6%) was the dominant subtype. The coexistence of multiple genes included blaTEM, CTX-M and blaSHV, and CTX-M The presence of blaNDM1, blaOXA-48, and blaKPC were identified in the carbapenem-resistant isolates, 22 (40.7%), 10 (18.5%), and 7 (12.9%) respectively.Conclusion: Our research showed that a CIM test for the first time in Iran is possible and has a high facility for the fast identification of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella (CRK). We are encountered with the emergence of CTX-M, OXA-48, KPC, and NDM1 harboring CRK strains in our hospitals. Therefore, the treatment of patients infected with these isolates will be an important future concern in our clinical settings.Running Head: Resistance genes among carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniaKeywords: New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Carbapenem, Extended-spectrum ß-lactamas

Analisis Strategi Peningkatan Kapasitas Operasional Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Eretan Wetan Kabupaten Indramayu

The development pattern of Eretan Wetan Coastal Fishery Port needs to be adjust to the development of fishery activities. The aims of this research are to analyze operational level PPP Eretan Wetan and analyze the level of utilization of basic and functional facilities. As soon as formulating to strategies building the operational capacity of PPP Eretan Wetan. The used method is by using the descriptive survey method with case study. Data are collected through observation, interviews, documentation and collected data from PPP Eretan Wetan. Data collection process is limited only in the periode of 2007 – 2011. SWOT analysis is used to determine the operational capacity. From the research result, it can be found that the level operational and utilization rate of facilities in PPP Eretan Wetan not all used optimally, can be seen from the use of the pier, which is 12,5% and 27% auction house. Strategy to increase the operational capacity of P PP Eretan Wetan is: continue the development of PPP aggressively, quickly add basic amenities, functional and support that has not been met, groove cruise facilities should frequently in dredging due to silting, providing docking facilities and ice plants; addition of fleet fishing vessels, so that fish production can be optimized, increasing the quality of human resources through training and empowerment of fishermen and baskets, Developing cooperation with the fish processing industry; additional support facilities and improved quality of fish marketing facilities to support the marketing of fish, and increase the number of environmentally friendly fishing gear that accordance with the target economically important fisheries

Low-cost image annotation for supervised machine learning. Application to the detection of weeds in dense culture

An open problem in robotized agriculture is to detect weeds in dense culture. This problem can be addressed with computer vision and machine learning. The bottleneck of supervised approaches lay in the manual annotation of training images. We propose two different approaches for detecting weeds position to speed up this process. The first approach is using synthetic images and eye-tracking to annotated images [4] which is at least 30 times faster than manual annotation by an expert, the second approach is based on real RGB and depth images collected via Kinect v2 sensor. We generated a data set of 150 synthetic images which weeds were randomly positioned on it. Images were gazed by two observers. Eye tracker sampled eye position during the execution of this task [5, 6]. Area of interest was recorded as rectangular patches. A patch is considered as including weeds if the average fixation time in this patch exceeds 1.04 seconds. The quality of visual annotation by eye-tracking is assessed by two ways. First, direct comparison of visual annotation with ground-truth which is shown an average 94.7% of all fixations on an image which fell within ground-truth bounding-boxes. Second, as shown in fig.1 eye-tracked annotated data is used as a training data set in four machine learning approaches and compare the recognition rate with the ground-truth. These four machine learning methods are tested in order to assess the quality of the visual annotation. These methods correspond to handcrafted features adapted to texture characterization. They are followed by a linear support vector machine binary classifier. The table 1 gives the average accuracy and standard deviation. Experimental results prove that visual eye-tracked annotated data are almost the same as in-silico ground-truth and performances of supervised machine learning on eye-tracked annotated data are very close to the one obtained with ground-truth

Pengaruh Latihan Twistink Trunk Curl Terhadap Kekuatan Dan Daya Tahan Otot Perut Pada Atlet Putri Shorinji Kempo Rumbai Pekanbaru

The issues raised in this studyis"Whether effect of exercise twistink trunk curl To Power and endurance abdominal muscle In the women atlets Shorinji Kempo Rumbai Pekanbaru?".This research is experimental research that aims to find out the effect of exercise twistink trunk curl To Power and endurance abdominal muscle In the women's atlet Shorinji Kempo Rumbai Pekanbaru. Population used was the entire women's atlet Shorinji Kempo Rumbai Pekanbaru as many as 8 people. This study uses total sampling technique the entire population sampled. Based on the determination of sample, the sampel of 8 people. As the independent variable (x) was training twistink trunk curl while the dependent variable (y) is the Power and endurance abdominal muscle. Were obtained and collected through the free test and post test before and after exercise twistink trunk curl using a meansuring tool that is sit up 30 second Test. The methodof processing data using descriptive statistics calculation sand to test the hypothes is using the t test.The hypothesis proposed in this studyis the effect ofexercise twistink trunk curl To Power and endurance abdominal muscle In the women atlets Shorinji Kempo Rumbai Pekanbaru.The result softhe ttest produced 20,44 and 1,895ttableat thesignificant leve lof 0.05. Meansttest>t table .So, the conclusion isthere is asignificant effect of exercise twistink trunk curl To Power and endurance abdominal muscle In the women's atlet Shorinji Kempo Rumbai Pekanbaru and Ha be accepted

Diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of miR-21 in renal cell carcinoma: A systematic review protocol

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common neoplasm in adult kidneys. One of the most important unmet medical needs in RCC is a prognostic biomarker to enable identification of patients at high risk of relapse after nephrectomy. New biomarkers can help improve diagnosis and hence the management of patients with renal cancer. Thus, this systematic review aims to clarify the prognostic and diagnostic accuracy of miR-21 in patients with RCC. Methods and analysis: We will include observational studies evaluating the diagnostic and prognostic roles of miR-21 in patients with renal cancer. The index test and reference standards should ideally be performed on all patients. We will search PubMed, SCOPUS and ISI Web of Science with no restriction of language. The outcome will be survival measures in adult patients with RCC. Study selection and data extraction will be performed by two independent reviewers. QUADAS-1 will be used to assess study quality. Publication bias and data synthesis will be assessed by funnel plots and Begg's and Egger's tests using Stata software V.11.1. Ethics and dissemination: No ethical issues are predicted. These findings will be published in a peerreviewed journal and presented at national and international conferences. Trail registration number: This systematic review protocol is registered in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, registration number CRD42015025001

Illumination Enhancement: Image and Video

This book is a complete guide book for researchers in the field of image processing and computer vision who are dealing with illumination enhancement. Many conventional and the state-of-the-art techniques are studied in details within this book. Also in this book the new metric for measuring illumination state of an image is presented and detailed formulas and their proofs are given. The book will give also a good visual representation results of many of the techniques used for illumination enhancement

In vitro fermentation of broiler cecal content : the role of oactobacilli and pH value on the composition of microbiota and end products fermentation.

Aim: To assess the probiotic effects of Lactobacillus agilis JCM 1048 and L. sali-varius ssp. salicinius JCM 1230 and the pH on the cecal microflora of chicken and metabolic end products. Methods and Results: An in vitro system, operated with batch bioreactor, was used for this assessment. Selected bacterial species were monitored at two pH values, over 24 h of batch culture incubation. The concentration of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and lactate in the fermented material was also determined. The addition of L. agilis JCM 1048 and L. salivarius ssp. salicinius JCM 1230 into vessel 2 (Cc + P) increased the total anaerobes, lactobacilli and bifidobacteria after 24 h incubation. Moreover, lactobacilli supplementation decreased the total aerobes and streptococci, but it did not have any effects on coliforms. The supplementation of lactobacilli in vessel 2 (Cc + P) was found to significantly increase the production of lactate, propionate and butyrate. Further- more, pH did not alter the formation of butyrate, whereas the production of acetate and propionate was significantly decreased at pH = 5Æ 8.Conclusions:L. agilis JCM 1048 and L. salivarius ssp. salicinius JCM 1230, as probiotic bacteria, have the ability to re-establish proper microbial balance by the formation of lactate as well as propionate, and stimulate butyrate-producing bacteria to produce butyrate in the chicken cecum. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study was the first to report this under in vitro conditions, highlighting the probiotic roles of the two Lactobacillus strains in broiler cecal fermentation at different initial pH. These useful data can be helpful in improving the fermentation process in chicken cecum

Prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria in ventilator-associated pneumonia in neonatal intensive care units: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Introduction: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common and potentially lethal problem among mechanically ventilated neonates in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The main pathogenic bacteria of VAP in NICUs are Gram-negative pathogens, which show a general decline in sensitivities to commonly used antibiotics, but their true prevalence is not known. Methods and analysis: We aim to provide a systematic review of studies measuring the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria in VAP in NICUs. We will search PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE and the ISI Web of Science, as well as the Google Scholar search engine with no restriction on language. Full copies of articles will be identified by a defined search strategy and will be considered for inclusion against predefined criteria. Study selection and data extraction will be performed by 2 independent reviewers. Statistical analysis will include the identification of data sources and documentation of estimates, as well as the application of the randomeffects and fixed-effects meta-analysis models. This will allow us to aggregate prevalence estimates and account for between-study variability in calculating the overall pooled estimates and 95 CI for the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria in VAP in NICUs. Heterogeneity will be evaluated using the I2 and ÷2 statistical tests to determine the extent of variation in effect estimates due to heterogeneity rather than chance. Publication bias and data synthesis will be assessed by funnel plots and Begg's and Egger's tests using STATA software V.13. This systematic review protocol was prepared according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 Statement. Ethics and dissemination: No ethical issues are predicted. These findings will be published in a peerreviewed journal and presented at national and international conferences. Trial registration number: CRD42016036048. © 2016 Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited