Los manuales de convivencia escolar : Una apuesta por una sana convivencia

73 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEsta investigaci?n tiene como prop?sito compartir y socializar el proceso, los resultados y las conclusiones derivados de la revisi?n y an?lisis descriptivo de 21 manuales de convivencia escolar, que equivalen al 10% de las instituciones educativas oficiales del departamento del Tolima, frente al cumplimiento de la normatividad para la garant?a de derechos de la comunidad educativa. Los instrumentos utilizados incluyeron variables de los aspectos m?nimos que debe contener un manual de convivencia, como el enfoque de g?nero, DDHH, los derechos y deberes de los integrantes de la comunidad educativa; mecanismos de elecci?n de gobierno escolar; acuerdos de convivencia e implementaci?n de la Ley 1620 de 2013, entre otros. Se realiz? una revisi?n extensiva de cada uno de los manuales y las recomendaciones para que las IE adelanten el proceso de ajuste y cualificaci?n de los MCE. A partir de la revisi?n, se evidencio en los Manuales de Convivencia Escolar aspectos relacionados con disposiciones que afectan el libre desarrollo de la personalidad, como el corte del cabello, la prohibici?n del uso del maquillaje, los tatuajes, los piercing, otros accesorios; el uso del informe el cual se encuentra discriminado por g?nero que no es garante del derecho a la identidad de g?nero. No promueven los contenidos m?nimos de la norma legal relacionada con el enfoque de g?nero, DDHH, participaci?n y responsabilidad democr?tica, enfoque poblacional y respeto por la diversidad y aborda el ambiente escolar con medidas pedag?gicas desde una perspectiva de castigo y sanciones que conllevan a suspensi?n, exclusi?n o expulsi?n de los estudiantes de las IE. As? mismo, se incluyen contenidos que no corresponden con la naturaleza de los MCE en virtud de las directrices y normatividad que regula la materia.This resarch has the pourpose of share and socialice the processes, results and conclussions based on the review and descriptive analysis of 21 coexistence school manuals, that are equivalent of the 10% of the total of schools in the departament of Tolima, facing to the accomplishment of the regulation for the warranty of the education community. The resources used in this investigation included variables of the minimmun requirements that a coexistence manual should include, such as the gender approach, Human rights, the rights and duties of the education community, Mechanisms of choice of school government; Agreements of coexistence and implementation of Law 1620 of 2013, among others. An extensive review of each of the manuals and recommendations was made for educational institutions to advance the process of adjustment and qualification of the schoolar coexistence manuals. Based on the research, it was possible to determined that the coexistences manuals often included rules that affect the free development of the personality, like the cut of the hair, the prohibition of the use of makeup, tattoos, piercing, other accessories; The use of the uniform which is discriminated by gender and does not guarantee the right to gender identity. Nor do they promote the minimmun content of the general regulation regarding gender approach, human rights, participation and responsabilities in democracy, poblational focus and respect for the diversity and Addresses the school environment with pedagogical measures from a perspective of punishment and sanctions that lead to suspension, exclusion or expulsion of students. Also, they include contents that do not correspond with the nature of the schools coexistence manuals under the guidelines and regulation that conduct the subject. Keywords: manual, coexistence, educational institutions, school climate, rights and duties

Proyecto de novela gr?fica: Las cuatro fases de Eva

55 p. Recurso Electr?nicoLas cuatro fases de Eva es un proyecto de novela gr?fica que se divide en cuatro cap?tulos, una luna por cada cual (luna nueva, luna creciente, luna llena y luna menguante). A partir de una pregunta base se empiezan a establecer diversos cuestionamientos sobre el lugar que ocupo dentro de esta sociedad, asimismo el ejercicio me abastece de m?ltiples posibilidades que voy desarrollando a lo largo del proceso de creaci?n e investigaci?n para construir una propuesta pl?stica. Palabras claves: SociedadThe four phases of Eve is a project of graphic novel that is divided into four chapters, a moon for each (new moon, waxing moon, full moon and waning moon). From a question base begin to establish various inquiries about the place I occupy in this society, also the exercise supplies me many possibilities that I developed throughout the process of creation and research to build a proposal plastic. Keywords: Societ

Articulaci?n de la gesti?n acad?mica en los procesos de ense?anza del colegio Campestre San Diego

83 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEl presente trabajo de investigaci?n permiti? identificar y precisar aspectos, conceptos y din?micas fundamentales sobre la Gesti?n Acad?mica que a partir de la determinaci?n de un modelo de gesti?n acad?mica se optimicen los procesos propios de la gesti?n escolar, Para as? implementar estrategias que lleven el aseguramiento de la calidad educativa, mediante la articulaci?n de la gesti?n en los procesos de ense?anza de la instituci?n educativa colegio campestre San Diego. Esta investigaci?n permiti? diagnosticar este proceso propio del sistema educativo que esta dinamizado en cada una de las Instituciones Educativas del pa?s, mediante el desarrollo de competencias, aprendizajes y estrategias que facilito la especializaci?n en Gerencia de Instituciones Educativas. Como una herramienta fundamental para el logro y funcionamiento efectivo de la estructura organizativa, administrativa y coherente a todo un sistema que obedece a una pol?tica educativa estatal. El problema de investigaci?n surge en la instituci?n educativa, pues, no se encuentra la gesti?n acad?mica cono eje central para una mejora continua dentro de la organizaci?n, implantando un proyecto de innovaci?n que ayudara a la instituci?n educativa a dise?ar estrategias , Por lo tanto la gerencia educativa y la Gesti?n Acad?mica es proceso organizado que permite asegurar la participaci?n de toda la comunidad en todas las instancias y el empleo de recursos para lograr los objetivos preestablecidos mediante la identificaci?n de procesos acompa?ados de una planeaci?n coherente , en el que el gerente educativo debe dirigir su equipo hacia el logro de los objetivos, durante una continua motivaci?n donde estimule inspeccione oriente y premie constantemente la labor desarrollada a la vez de ejecutar la acci?n y funci?n de gerencia, La investigaci?n se realiz? con base a la metodolog?a de marco l?gico, aporta una terminolog?a uniforme que facilita la comunicaci?n y que sirve para reducir ambigu?edades. Palabras Clave: Gesti?n Acad?mica, Gesti?n Escolar, Calidad educativa, Competencias, Aprendizaje, Gerencia Educativa.The present research work allowed us to identify and specify aspects, concepts and fundamental dynamics about Academic Management that, based on the determination of an academic management model, optimize the processes of school management, in order to implement strategies that take the assurance of the educational quality, through the articulation of the management in the teaching processes of the San Diego country school educational institution. This investigation allowed to diagnose this process of the educational system that is dynamized in each of the Educational Institutions of the country, through the development of competences, learning and strategies that facilitated the specialization in Management of Educational Institutions. As a fundamental tool for the achievement and effective functioning of the organizational structure, administrative and coherent to an entire system that obeys a state educational policy. The research problem arises in the educational institution, therefore, academic management is not the central axis for continuous improvement within the organization, implementing an innovation project that will help the educational institution to design strategies, therefore management Education and Academic Management is an organized process that ensures the participation of the entire community in all instances and the use of resources to achieve pre-established objectives by identifying processes accompanied by coherent planning, in which the educational manager must directing its team towards the achievement of the objectives, during a continuous motivation where it stimulates the east and constantly rewards the work carried out while executing the action and management function. The research was carried out based on the logical framework methodology. A uniform terminology that facilitates the communication and that serves to reduce ambiguities. Keywords: Academic Management, School Management, Educational Quality, Competencies, Learning, Educational Management

Impacto de la jornada ?nica escolar en la instituci?n educativa la reforma de Rovira Tolima

60 p. Recurso Electr?nicoLa jornada ?nica nace como una estrategia del plan nacional de desarrollo 2014-2018 que tiene como objetivo garantizar un mejor futuro para el pa?s. En Colombia son muy pocas las investigaciones que han estudiado los resultados de esta pol?tica educativa. A trav?s de la presente investigaci?n se realiz? un estudio en el que se determinaron dos variables (social y acad?mica) para evaluar el impacto de la jornada ?nica en los niveles de b?sica y media de la sede central de la Instituci?n Educativa La Reforma de Rovira Tolima, luego de un a?o de su implementaci?n. Para esto se analizaron y contrastaron los beneficios y dificultades que ha generado la implementaci?n de la Jornada ?nica en este plantel educativo, as? como la inversi?n que el estado ha suministrado en la ejecuci?n de la misma y la visi?n que tiene la comunidad educativa sobre la extensi?n del horario escolar en esta instituci?n. Palabras claves: Jornada ?nica, Impacto, Estrategia, Horario escolarSingle-shift school system is born like a 2014-2018 National Development Plan strategy that aims to guarantee a better future for the nation. In Colombia, very few researches have studied the results of this educational policy. Through the present investigation a study was carried out in which two variables (academic and social) were determined to evaluate the Single School Day impact in grades 6th to 11th from La Reforma School headquarters in Rovira Tolima after a year of its implementation. For this, benefits and difficulties generated by the single-shift school implementation in this educational establishment were analyzed and contrasted, as well as the investment that state has provided in its execution and vision that community has about the school schedule extension. Keywords: Single School Day, Impact, Strategy, School schedul

Lung emphysema and lung cancer: what do we know about it?

Emphysema and lung cancer (LC) are two diseases which share common risk factors, e.g., smoking. In recent years, many studies have sought to analyse this association. By way of illustration, we conducted a review of the scientific literature of the studies published to date, whose main designated aim was to demonstrate the relationship between emphysema and LC, and this association's influence on the histology, prognosis and molecular mechanisms responsible. We included over 40 studies (ranging from case-control and cohort studies to systematic reviews and meta-analyses), which highlight the association between emphysema and LC, independently of smoking habit. These studies also report a possible influence on histology, with adenocarcinoma being the most frequent lineage, and an association with poor prognosis, which affects both survival and post-operative complications. Oxidative stress, which generates chronic inflammatory status as well as the presence of certain polymorphisms in various genes (CYP1A1, TERT, CLPTM1L, ERK), gives rise-in the case of patients with emphysema-to alteration of cellular repair mechanisms, which in turn favours the proliferation of neoplastic epithelial cells responsible for the origin of LC

Sector medioambiental en el Per? : marco regulatorio, actores y oportunidades de negocio

A pesar del creciente inter?s que el tema del medio ambiente despierta en el Per?, poco se ha investigado sobre la estructura propia de este sector. Por ello, el objetivo principal de este libro es explorar la estructura del sector medioambiental en el Per? en t?rminos econ?micos, analizando el marco legal que lo regula, estudiando la oferta y demanda medioambiental, para a partir de ah? identificar las principales oportunidades de negocios que se presentan en la actual coyuntura de discusiones y consensos para enfrentar el cambio clim?tico. Se explora, analiza y describe lo que ser? propiamente el mercado medioambiental peruano; c?mo diversas empresas, instituciones y ONG proveen una oferta de servicios que atienden de alguna u otra forma la demanda, desde simples estudios de impacto ambiental hasta complejas consultor?as para la estructuraci?n de bonos de carbono. Ello genera un 'mercado medioambiental' que muestra indicios de crecimiento, por lo cual tambi?n se identifican las principales oportunidades de negocio que surgen, sobre todo a partir de una serie de mecanismos regulatorios que llevan a empresas y organizaciones a invertir recursos en esta materia. La creciente conciencia ambiental por parte de consumidores que ven en el cuidado del medio ambiente un valor intangible diferenciador, as? como las nuevas formas de financiamiento a trav?s de los proyectos MDL y de las tendencias mundiales y locales de responsabilidad social empresarial, contribuyen a generar oportunidades de negocio y plantear una agenda por desarrollar en este nuevo sector econ?mico

Sustained blood glutamate scavenging enhances protection in ischemic stroke

Stroke is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability. During ischemic stroke, a marked and prolonged rise of glutamate concentration in the brain causes neuronal cell death. This study explores the protective effect of a bioconjugate form of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (hrGOT), which catalyzes the depletion of blood glutamate in the bloodstream for ~6 days following a single administration. When treated with this bioconjugate, a significant reduction of the infarct volume and a better retention of sensorimotor function was observed for ischemic rats compared to those treated with saline. Moreover, the equivalent dose of native hrGOT yielded similar results to the saline treated group for some tests. Targeting the bioconjugate to the blood-brain-barrier did not improve its performance. The data suggest that the bioconjugates draw glutamate out of the brain by displacing homeostasis between the different glutamate pools of the body

Regulatory T cells participate in the recovery of ischemic stroke patients

BACKGROUND: Recent preclinical studies have shown that regulatory T cells (Treg) play a key role in the immune response after ischemic stroke (IS). However, the role of Treg in human acute IS has been poorly investigated. Our aim was to study the relationship between circulating Treg and outcome in human IS patients. METHODS: A total of 204 IS patients and 22 control subjects were recruited. The main study variable was good functional outcome at 3 months (modified Rankin scale </=2) considering infarct volume, Early Neurological Deterioration (END) and risk of infections as secondary variables. The percentage of circulating Treg was measured at admission, 48, 72 h and at day 7 after stroke onset. RESULTS: Circulating Treg levels were higher in IS patients compared to control subjects. Treg at 48 h were independently associated with good functional outcome (OR, 3.5; CI: 1.9-7.8) after adjusting by confounding factors. Patients with lower Treg at 48 h showed higher frequency of END and risk of infections. In addition, a negative correlation was found between circulating Treg at 48 h (r = - 0.414) and 72 h (r = - 0.418) and infarct volume. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that Treg may participate in the recovery of IS patients. Therefore, Treg may be considered a potential therapeutic target in acute ischemic stroke

Reconocimiento de la tradici?n constructiva y la cultura habitacional de la comunidad ind?gena Mesa de Cucuana Aceituno en Ortega Tolima

348 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEste proyecto de grado busca reconocer la tradici?n constructiva y la cultura habitacional de la comunidad ind?gena Mesa de Cucuana Aceituno, en el Municipio de Ortega, Departamento del Tolima; para preservar las din?micas socio-espaciales de la poblaci?n del cabildo, que a trav?s de los a?os han venido desapareciendo a ra?z de diferentes factores. Con la finalidad de ofrecerles a los habitantes de la comunidad ind?gena una alternativa de vivienda acorde a sus modos de vida y din?micas espaciales tradicionales; y as? ayudar a subsanar el d?ficit tanto cualitativo como cuantitativo presente actualmente en la comunidad, se plantea el reconocimiento de la habitabilidad mediante la investigaci?n meticulosa para desarrollar una propuesta coherente con lo descrito anteriormente. De esta manera, el trabajo se desarrolla en tres etapas: Reconocimiento de las t?cnicas tradicionales, procesos y materialidad en la construcci?n de viviendas propias del territorio ind?gena de Mesa de Cucuana Aceituno. Seguidamente, el estudio y an?lisis de los modos de vida, costumbres y tradiciones de la habitabilidad de la poblaci?n con respecto a sus viviendas y el entorno donde se encuentran emplazadas. Finalmente, a partir de todo el reconocimiento desarrollado, plantear el dise?o arquitect?nico y urban?stico de una propuesta de agrupaci?n de viviendas junto con tres modelos de vivienda ind?gena acordes con sus costumbres y tradiciones, respetando su cultura habitacional y las condiciones de su entorno; por ?ltimo, proyectar un esquema b?sico del dise?o de un equipamiento social y sede del Cabildo Mesa de Cucuana Aceituno, como espacio complementario a la vivienda.This degree seeks to recognize the traditional construction and residential culture of the indigenous community Mesa of Cucuana Aceituno, in the municipality of Ortega, Department of Tolima; to preserve the socio-spatial dynamics of the population of the Town Hall, that through the years have been disappearing as a result of various factors. With the purpose of offer you to the inhabitants of the community indigenous an alternative of housing according to their modes of life and dynamic space traditional; and thus help to remedy the deficit both qualitative as quantitative present currently in the community. In this way, the work develops in three stages: recognition of traditional techniques, processes and material in the construction of houses of the indigenous territory of Mesa of Cucuana Aceituno. Then, the study and analysis of the ways of life, customs and traditions of the habitability of the population with regard to their homes and the environment where they are placed. Finally, through the design architectural and urban project three models of housing indigenous chords with their customs and traditions, a proposed of grouping of housing, respecting its culture housing and the conditions of its environment, and, finally, a scheme basic of the design of an equipment social and headquarters of the Cabildo Mesa of Cucuana Aceituno, as space complementary to it housing. Key words: Indigenous housing, liveability, constructive traditio