The interaction between marine and subaerial processes in the evolution of rocky coasts: The example of Castelejo (southwest Portugal)

The rocky coast of Castelejo (the Southwest Alentejano and Costa Vicentina Natural Park) represents an excellent example of the complexity that is connected with the current evolution of this type of coasts. Fieldwork supported by cartographic analysis and by aerial and land photographs enabled us to produce a detailed geomorphological map (scale 1:5 000), where the landforms and processes of this area are indicated. At Castelejo we have a very active dynamic at present, with erosion and accumulation processes, either marine or subaerial, combined with changes in frequency and magnitude. The work carried out over the last three years, together with periodic surveys over the last 15 years, show that there is a cyclic sequence of processes that depends on the wave climate (which controls the presence or absence of sand on the beach) and on the climatic regime, mainly the wind and the intensity and concentration of rain.La costa rocosa de Castelejo (localizada en el parque natural del Sudoeste Alentejano y de la costa Vicentina) es un excelente ejemplo de la complejidad que puede revestir la actual evolución de este tipo de litoral. El trabajo de campo apoyado en análisis cartográfico y en fotografías aéreas y terrestres, permite ejecutar un mapa detallado (escala 1:5 000) donde se indican las formas y procesos de esta área. En Castelejo se tiene una dinámica actual muy activa, donde erosión y procesos de acumulación, marina o subaérea, se combinan con cambios de frecuencia y magnitud. El trabajo desarrollado en los últimos tres años, junto con observaciones ocasionales de los últimos quince, muestran la existencia de una secuencia cíclica de procesos que dependen del régimen de agitación marina (que controla la presencia o ausencia de arena en la playa) y del régimen climático, concretamente del viento y de la intensidad y concentración de la lluvia.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Beach response to high energy wave climate: a case study in the portuguese west coast

Portugal’s western coast is a wave-dominated rocky coast with a semidiurnal mesotidal regime. The wave climate is highly conditioned by the Atlantic Ocean’s atmospheric circulation, which results in a seasonalchange in wave patterns. Storms are frequent during winter and can reach 10-m wave heights with a 5-year recurrence period. Four profile monitoring campaigns were carried out in December 2005, January and May 2006 using a GPS and a total station to evaluate the response of three different beach systems to high wave climate events, comparing pre-storm wave, morphology and sediment characteristics with the modifications induced in the system after the storm event. A series of 64 beach profiles is analysed in terms of sediment textural properties, volume, slope, surf similarity index and dimensionless fall velocity parameters’ variability. Each beach system’s modal and limit morphological behaviours are established according to Wright and Short’s morphodynamic model.La costa oeste de Portugal es una costa rocosa dominada por olas y con un régimen mesomareal semidiurno. El clima marítimo está altamente condicionado por la circulación atmosférica del océano Atlántico y presenta una variabilidad estacional en el régimen de oleaje. Las tormentas son frecuentes durante el invierno y pueden alanzar alturas de ola de 10 m con una recurrencia de 5 años. Se han hecho cuatro campañas de control en tres playas, mediante el uso de GPS diferencial y estación total con el objetivo de evaluar su respuesta a sendos episodios de alta energía. Se comparan los cambios en la morfología y en la textura sedimentaria antes y después de cada temporal. Para ello se realizaron 64 perfiles de playa y se han analizado las variaciones en la textura del sedimento, el volumen, la pendiente, el índice de surf similarity y el parámetro adimensional de caída del sedimento. Con todo ello ha podido establecerse el comportamiento morfológico modal y extremo de dichas playas según el modelo de Wright y Short.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Prácticas de Preparación de Nutrición Parenteral Neonatal en Portugal; Comparación con las Recomendaciones Españolas

Evaluar la práctica de preparación de nutrición parenteral (NP) neonatal en Portugal y su concordancia con las recomendaciones del Consenso Español sobre Preparación de Mezclas Nutrientes Parenterales 2008. Métodos: Cuestionario electrónico sobre elementos relativos a la preparación de la NP, enviado entre junio y octubre 2009 a los farmacéuticos o enfermeros responsables de la preparación de la NP neonatal en los 50 hospitales (públicos y privados) de Portugal con unidades de cuidados especiales neonatales. Resultados: Se preparaba NP neonatal en 30 hospitales,de los que 22 (73,3%) respondieron la encuesta. En el 77% de los hospitales, la NP neonatal se preparaba en los servicios farmacéuticos y en la propia unidad neonatal en el resto. En la mayoría de hospitales se preparaba apenas en los días laborables, y la en la mitad de los casos la prescripción llegaba a los responsables en soporte digital. Los responsables identificaron diversos problemas asociados a la interpretación de la prescripción (14-41% de las NP). La práctica de la mayoría de los hospitales portugueses estaba en concordancia con el Consenso Español en documentación, instalaciones y equipamientos, recursos humanos y etiquetado. En cuanto a las soluciones, la mayoría estaba en concordancia con los plazos límite de utilización, fotoprotección, utilización de filtros terminales, control físico-químico por inspección visual y control microbiológico. Conclusiones: Los resultados del presente estudio proporcionan un buen panorama de la práctica de preparación de la NP neonatal en Portugal. La comparación con el Consenso Español permitió identificar los puntos débiles y de mejora

Análise Retrospectiva do Protocolo de Tratamento Utilizado na Consulta Multidisciplinar de Úlcera de Perna do Hospital dos Capuchos no Período entre 2002 e 1º Semestre 2006

As úlceras de perna constituem uma importante patologia causando uma diminuição da qualidade de vida, hospitalizações frequentes e aumento da mortalidade e morbilidade. Têm uma incidência de 1% na população adulta, sendo que esta incidência atinge níveis de 10% nos escalões etários superiores a 70 anos. Cerca de 95% das úlceras são venosas, arteriais, mistas ou diabéticas, sendo as mais frequentes as úlceras venosas (70 a 80%). Com o objectivo de optimizar o tratamento e acompanhamento dos doentes com esta patologia, foi criada em 2002 uma Consulta de Referência Multidisciplinar de Úlcera de Perna, no Hospital dos Capuchos. Simultaneamente foi estabelecido um protocolo de referenciação/ tratamento com os Centros de Saúde da Unidade B da Sub-região de Saúde de Lisboa. Neste protocolo o doente é observado no contexto de uma equipa multidisciplinar. Os autores fizeram um estudo retrospectivo dos doentes observados nesta consulta no período entre 2002 e 1º semestre de 2006. Foram observados e acompanhados 294 novos doentes, tendo 80% idade superior a 60 anos. Em relação à etiologia das úlceras, 51,3% (n=151) eram venosas, 35,4% (n=104) eram diabéticas e 6,8% (n=20) eram arteriais. A área média das úlceras foi 23,9cm2 e o número médio de úlceras foi 1,6. A duração das úlceras tinha em 42,3% dos casos um período superior a 6 meses. Das 199 culturas positivas, 40,2% apresentavam Staphylococcus aureus, sendo 21,2% destes MRSA. Com o protocolo instituído, foi obtida uma taxa de cicatrização de 72,2%. 45,9% dos doentes tiveram uma cicatrização total da úlcera em menos de 2 meses, resultados estes que são muito positivos face às taxas de cicatrização de 6 meses referidas na literatura

A method to detect and quantify long chain fatty acids in liquid and solid samples and its relevance to understand anaerobic digestion of lipids

A method for long chain fatty acids (LCFA) extraction, identification and further quantification by capillary gas chromatography was developed and its application to liquid and solid samples demonstrated. Linear calibration curves (r² between 0.997 and 1.000) were constructed for C12 to C18 LCFA, in the range from 25 to 1270 mg/L. All the acids were quantified in a single run using pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) as internal standard with response factors ranging from 0.79 to 1.09. Relative standard deviation values lower than 15% and mean LCFA recoveries above 90% were obtained. After validation, the usefulness of this method was demonstrated in a cow manure digester receiving pulses of an industrial effluent containing high lipid content. The knowledge obtained with the application of this method can contribute to a better understanding of LCFA adsorption and degradation processes that occur during the anaerobic digestion of lipids

Detection and quantification of long chain fatty acids in liquid and solid samples and its relevance to understand anaerobic digestion of lipids

A method for long chain fatty acids (LCFA) extraction, identification and further quantification by gas chromatography was developed and its application to liquid and solid samples collected from anaerobic digesters was demonstrated. After validation, the usefulness of this method was demonstrated in a cow manure digester receiving pulses of an industrial effluent containing high lipid content. From the LCFA analysis data it was showed that the conversion of oleic acid, the main LCFA fed to the reactor, by the adapted biomass became faster and more effective along the successive pulses. Conversely, the accumulation of palmitic acid in the solid phase suggests that degradation of this LCFA, under these conditions, is less effective.Fundo Social Europeu (FSE)Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FC

Scintillation efficiency of liquid xenon for nuclear recoils with the energy down to 5 keV

The scintillation efficiency of liquid xenon for nuclear recoils has been measured to be nearly constant in the recoil energy range from 140 keV down to 5 keV. The average ratio of the efficiency for recoils to that for gamma-rays is found to be 0.19+-0.02.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure

Resultados das ações de melhoramento de arroz nos projetos Agrosalud e Biofort.

O objetivo principal dos trabalhos é a recomendação de cultivares adaptadas ao ambiente e com maiores teores de ferro e zinco

A model of the reflection distribution in the vacuum ultra violet region

A reflection model with three components, a specular spike, a specular lobe and a diffuse lobe is discussed. This model was successfully applied to describe reflection of xenon scintillation light (175 nm) by PTFE and other fluoropolymers and can be used for Monte Carlo simulation and analysis of scintillation detectors. The measured data favors a Trowbridge-Reitz distribution function of ellipsoidal micro-surfaces. The intensity of the coherent reflection increases with increasing angle of incidence, as expected, since the surface appears smoother at grazing angles. The total reflectance obtained for PTFE is about 70% for VUV light at normal incidence in vacuum and estimated to be up to 100% in contact with liquid xenon