Biometrijske osobine šnjura pučinara, Trachurus mediterraneus, (Osteichthyes: Carangidae) u srednjem Jadranu

The relationship between morphometric measurements (15) and meristic characters (8) were examined in 237 specimens of Mediterranean horse mackerel (105 females, 101 males and 31 immature specimens) caught in the central Adriatic Sea. The goal of this paper was to investigate: whether there are morphological differences between males and females; the existence of homogenous or heterogeneous morphology stock; changes in morphometric characters with an increase in body length. Morphological differences between males and females were not marked. Modal values specific for Trachurus species morphologic characters, such as number of lateral line scales, maximum height of scales in anterior and posterior part of lateral line, point at which dorsal accessory lateral line is terminated and values of other biometric properties indicated a possible homogeneous morphology stock of T. mediterraneus in the central Adriatic Sea. Changes in some morphometric characters obtained in conjunction with an increase in body length showed that smaller specimens have longer head, anal and ventral fin than adult specimens. On the other hand, with an increase in total length, the fish have larger preorbital and postorbital distance, smaller eye and maximum height of scales in the lateral line than smaller fishes. The negative correlation recorded for the maximum and minimum body depth indicates that the body becomes progressively elongated. The meristic characters of Mediterranean horse mackerel from different Mediterranean and NE Atlantic areas are mostly in agreement with the data in our study.Na 237 primjeraka šnjura pučinara (105 ženki, 101 mužjak i 31 spolno nezrelih jedinki) ulovljenih u srednjem Jadranu analizirana su morfometrijska (15) i meristička obilježja (8). Cilj ove studije bio je istražiti morfološke razlike između mužjaka i ženki, postojanje morfološki homogenog ili heterogenog stoka i promjene morfometrijskih osobina tijekom rasta ribe. Morfološke razlike između mužjaka i ženki nisu izražene. Modalne vrijednosti specifičnih morfoloških obilježja, kao što su broj ljusaka u bočnoj pruzi, najveća visina ljusaka u prednjem i stražnjem dijelu bočne pruge i točka gdje završava dodatna leđna bočna pruga te vrijednosti ostalih biometrijskih osobina ukazuju da u Jadranu vjerojatno obitava morfološki homogena populacija ove vrste. Uočene su promjene morfometrijskih odnosa u vezi s porastom tjelesne dužine. Manji primjerci imaju veću dužinu glave, podrepnu i trbušne peraje nego veći primjerci. S druge strane veće ribe imaju veću predočnu i zaočnu udaljenost, manju veličinu oka i manju visinu ljusaka u bočnoj pruzi u odnosu na manje ribe. Negativna korelacija zabilježena kod najmanje i najveće visine tijela pokazuje da se tijelo ribe progresivno izdužuje. Merističke osobine šnjura pučinara s različitih područja Mediterana i sjeveroistočnog Atlantika uglavnom se podudaraju s podacima dobivenim u ovom radu

Development of a Computational Tool for the Analysis of Hydro-Sanitary Designs

The high demand for hydro-sanitary designs to be analyzed by the public system, in addition to the long time it takes to complete such analyses, reveals that the employed verification methodology and bureaucratic procedures are obsolete. The main objective of this work was to develop a computational tool for releasing and analyzing hydro-sanitary systems, seeking to automate the process. The methodology was initiated with the creation of an electronic archive of the rules and laws pertinent to the subject, followed by the identification of the work routines for hydro-sanitary designs, the programming of the tool, the creation of an electronic repository for objects and, finally, the validation of the software through testing. As a result, the computational model will automatically retrieve project data in the BIM platform and assess information of designs developed in CAD. Based on this work, the conclusion can be drawn that the automation of the release and analysis processes of hydro-sanitary designs is possible and achievable

Comportamento de genótipos de girassol no município de Campo Verde, Mato Grosso, na safra de 2009.

O girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) é originário da América do Norte e tem como principal produto o óleo de excelente qualidade extraído de suas sementes, utilizado para consumo humano, para diversos fins industriais ou como matéria prima para produção de biocombustíveis. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o comportamento de genótipos de girassol do ensaio final de segundo ano, da Rede de Ensaios de Avaliação de Genótipos de Girassol, na safra de 2009, visando indicação para cultivo em Mato Grosso. Foi conduzido experimento no município de Campo Verde-MT, seguindo delineamento em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, para verificar o desempenho de dezoito genótipos de girassol. As parcelas foram formadas por quatro linhas de 6,0 m, com espaçamento de 0,9 m x 0,30 m. Foram registradas as características de desenvolvimento das plantas e após a colheita, os capítulos foram debulhados manualmente e efetuadas as determinações de peso de mil aquênios, do total de aquênios, do teor de óleo nos aquênios e calculado o rendimento de óleo (rendimento de aquênios x teor de óleo). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Duncan a 5%. O genótipo Neon apresentou melhor desempenho que os demais, tanto para peso de mil aquênios como para rendimento de aquênios, com médias de 80 g e de 4267 kg/ha, respectivamente. Quanto ao rendimento de óleo a média geral do experimento foi de 1230 kg/ha, com melhor desempenho apresentado pelos genótipos Neon, NTO 3.0, HLT 5004, Paraiso 20, Triton Max, Exp 1450 HO, SRM 822 e V20041, com valores entre 1680 kg/ha e 1313 kg/ha. Com base nos resultados obtidos, esses genótipos de girassol apresentam potencial para cultivo em Mato Grosso. THE BEHAVIOR OF SUNFLOWER GENOTYPES IN CAMPO VERDE, MATO GROSSO, 2009 HARVEST. The sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) is native from North America and the main product it provides is the high quality oil extracted from its seeds, used for human consumption, industrial purposes or as base for biofuel production. This project aims to verify the behavior of the sunflower genotypes from the second year?s final essay, belonging to Rede de Ensaios de Avaliação de Genótipos (Network of Genotype Evaluation Essays), 2009 harvest, with the purpose of obtaining indication for use in Mato Grosso. The experiment was conducted in the town of Campo Verde-MT, following the lineation in random blocks with four repetitions as a means to verify the performance of eighteen sunflower genotypes. The portions were formed by four lines of 6,0m each, with spacing of 0,9m x 0,30m. Aspects of development from the plants were analyzed and, after the harvest, sunflowers were manually threshed and a series of determinations of was established: the weight of a thousand achenes, the total of achenes, the percentage of oil from the achenes and the oil efficiency was calculated (achenes efficiency x oil percentage). Data was statistically analyzed and the standards were compared by the Duncan test at 5%. The Neon genotype presented the most satisfactory performance, in both 1,000 achenes weight and achenes efficiency standards, with measures of 80g and 4,267kg/ha, respectively. Regarding the oil efficiency, the overall average was 1230kg/ha, with best efficiency present by the Neon genotypes NTO 3,9, HLT 5004, Paraíso 20, Triton Max, Exp 1450 HO, SRM 822 and V20041, with values between 1680kg/ha and 1313kg/ha. Based on the results, it?s safe to say the abovementioned sunflower genotypes present high potential for cultivation in Mato Grosso

Características agronômicas de genótipos de girassol, na Safra de 2010, em Mato Grosso.

O cultivo de girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) vem se expandindo no Brasil, sobretudo na região central do país, como alternativa na época de ?safrinha?. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar as características agronômicas e o potencial de cultivo de genótipos de girassol do ensaio final de segundo ano, da Rede de Ensaios de Avaliação de Genótipos de Girassol, na safra de 2010. Foi realizado experimento em Campo Verde, Mato Grosso, para avaliação de dezessete genótipos, seguindo delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, com parcelas formadas por quatro linhas de 6,0 m, com espaçamento de 0,9 m x 0,25 m. Foram registradas as medidas de altura de plantas e diâmetro de capítulos na época da floração. Os capítulos foram colhidos e debulhados manualmente, sendo realizadas as determinações de peso de mil aquênios, do total de aquênios, do teor de óleo nos aquênios e calculado o rendimento de óleo (rendimento de aquênios x teor de óleo). Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Duncan a 5%. A média de peso de mil aquênios foi de 67 g, com o genótipo BRS-Gira 24 destacando-se frente aos demais com 77 g. O genótipo HLA 887 apresentou o melhor comportamento quanto ao rendimento de aquênios (3619 kg/ha), teor de óleo (48,3%) e rendimento de óleo (1745 kg/ha). Os genótipos V 50070, V 70003 e BRS-Gira 27 também apresentaram bom desempenho para rendimento de aquênios. Por meio das avaliações realizadas é possível a indicação de genótipos de girassol para cultivo em Mato Grosso. AGRONOMIC TRAITS OF SUNFLOWER GENOTYPES DURING THE 2010 HARVEST IN MATO GROSSO. The cultivation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) has expanded in Brazil, especially in the country?s central, as an alternative during the period of ?safrinha?. The project has the purpose of evaluating the agronomic traits and the cultivation potential of the sunflower genotypes from the second year?s final essay, belonging to Rede de Ensaios de Avaliação de Genótipos (Network of Genotype Evaluation Essays), 2010 harvest. The experiment was conducted in the town of Campo Verde-MT, for the evaluation of seventeen genotypes, following the lineation in random blocks with four repetitions and portions formed by four lines of 6,0m each, with spacing of 0,9m x 0,25m. Measures of height from the plants and the diameter of the sunflowers in period of bloom were registered. The sunflowers were harvested and manually threshed, then a series of determinations of was established: the weight of a thousand achenes, the total of achenes, the percentage of oil from the achenes and the oil efficiency was calculated (achenes efficiency x oil percentage). Data was submitted to variance analysis and the standards were compared by the Duncan test at 5%. The standard weight of a thousand achenes was 67g, and the BRS-Gira 24 genotype was the highlight with 77g. The HLA 887 genotype presented the best behavior as regarding the achenes efficiency (3619kg/ha), oil percentage (48,3%) and oil efficiency (1745kg/ha). The V 50070, V 70003 and BRS-Gira 27 genotypes also presented a satisfactory performance as to what concerns the achenes efficiency. Through the evaluations realized, it?s possible to indicate the sunflower genotypes for cultivation in Mato Grosso

Clotting activity of polyphosphate-functionalized silica nanoparticles

We present a silica nanoparticle (SNP) functionalized with polyphosphate (polyP) that accelerates the natural clotting process of the body. SNPs initiate the contact pathway of the blood-clotting system; short-chain polyP accelerates the common pathway by the rapid formation of thrombin, which enhances the overall blood-clotting system, both by accelerating fibrin generation and by facilitating the regulatory anticoagulation mechanisms essential for hemostasis. Analysis of the clotting properties of bare SNPs, bare polyP, and polyP-functionalized SNPs in plasma demonstrated that the attachment of polyP to SNPs to form polyP-SNPs creates a substantially enhanced synergistic effect that lowers clotting time and increases thrombin production at low concentrations. PolyP-SNP even retains its clotting function at ambient temperature. The polyP-SNP system has the potential to significantly improve trauma-treatment protocols and outcomes in hospital and prehospital settings

Comportamento de genótipos de girassol em Mato Grosso, na safra de 2011.

Resumo: O girassol apresenta características desejáveis sob o ponto de vista agronômico: ciclo curto, tolerância à seca e bom rendimento em óleo. Seu cultivo tem como principal produto o óleo de excelente qualidade extraído de suas sementes. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar o comportamento de genótipos de girassol, em ensaio final de segundo ano da Rede de Ensaios de Avaliação de Genótipos de Girassol, na safra de 2011, visando indicação para cultivo em Mato Grosso. Foi conduzido experimento em Campo Verde - MT, seguindo delineamento em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições e parcelas de quatro linhas de 6,0 m, com espaçamento de 0,9 m x 0,25 m, avaliando-se dez genótipos. Foram obtidas avaliações de altura de planta, diâmetro de capítulo, peso de mil aquênios, rendimento de aquênios, teor de óleo e rendimento de óleo. As médias dos resultados foram comparadas pelo teste de Duncan a 5%. Por meio das avaliações realizadas, os genótipos M734, CF 101, QC 6730, GNZ CIRO, HLA 11-26 e HELIO 358 apresentam características favoráveis para cultivo em Mato Grosso. Abstract: The sunflower presents advantageous characteristics from an agronomic perspective: short cycle, tolerance to drought and good oil yield. The main product of its cultivation is the high quality oil extracted from its seeds. The purpose of this study is to verify the behavior of sunflower genotypes, under final testing of the second year by the Network of Evaluative Experiments with Sunflower Genotypes in the crop of 2011, proposing an indication for cultivation in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Experiment was conducted in Campo Verde - MT, based on the delimitation of random blocks, with four repetitions and arrays of four lines 6,0 m each and spacing of of 0,9 m x 0,25 m, evaluating ten genotypes. The average values of the results were compared using the Duncan test at 5%. According to the evaluations carried out, the genotypes M734, CF 101, QC 6730, GNZ CIRO, 11-26 and HLA HELIO 358 present favorable characteristics for cultivation in Mato Grosso

Gold Nanoparticle-Based Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering for Noninvasive Molecular Probing of Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation

This study reports the use of gold nanoparticle-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for probing the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells, including undifferentiated single cells, embryoid bodies (EBs), and terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were successfully delivered into all 3 mES cell differentiation stages without affecting cell viability or proliferation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the localization of GNPs inside the following cell organelles: mitochondria, secondary lysosome, and endoplasmic reticulum. Using bright- and dark-field imaging, the bright scattering of GNPs and nanoaggregates in all 3 ES cell differentiation stages could be visualized. EB (an early differentiation stage) and terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes both showed SERS peaks specific to metabolic activity in the mitochondria and to protein translation (amide I, amide II, and amide III peaks). These peaks have been rarely identified in undifferentiated single ES cells. Spatiotemporal changes observed in the SERS spectra from terminally differentiated cardiomyocyte tissues revealed local and dynamic molecular interactions as well as transformations during ES cell differentiation

Drosophila suzukii: a revolution for soft fruits in Trentino, North of Italy

Drosophila suzukii infestation on soft fruits was reported for the first time in Trentino, North of Italy, in 2009. This was the first record of this pest in Italy and Europe. Two years after, the spotted wing drosophila reached an extraordinary development of population, causing serious damages on soft fruits and cherries. An important infestation was also observed for the forst time on wine grape. Conventional insecticides, even if applied many times, were ineffective in reducing fruits damage, due to the very high pressure
of
the
pest.
 Interesting
results
were
obtained
with
alternative
control
methods
(anti‐insect
 nets,
mass
trapping,
attract
and
kill,
etc.).
 A
multi‐method
approach
seems
to
be
the
best
to manage D.suzukii infestations in a sustainable way in Trentino

Algunos parámetros biológicos de la señorita, Symphodus (Crenilabrus) tinca (L.1758) (Pisces: Labridae) del Adriático central oriental (costa croata)

Data on sex ratio, length-weight relationship, age, growth and survival rate were analysed for peacock wrasse, Symphodus (Crenilabrus) tinca L., (total = 1443; males = 848, females = 595) collected in the eastern middle Adriatic island area during the reproductive period (April and May) from 1995 to 1999. The total length of sampled specimens ranged from 8.9 to 42.5 cm and the weight from 7.9 to 764.2 g. The overall sex ratio was 1.43:1 in favour of males. All individuals larger than 28.9 cm were males as an effect of faster growth. The oldest females were 12 and the oldest males 13 years old. The von Bertalanffy growth formula was estimated for females (L∞ = 28.14; k = 0.294; t0 = - 0.775) and males (L∞ = 42.24; k = 0.214; t0 = - 0.628). The slopes (b values) of total length - weight regressions indicated allometric growth for males (b = 2.7205) and both sexes (b = 2.8147) and isometric growth for females (b = 2.9901). Survival rate of males (S = 0.80) was slightly greater than that for females (0.756).Datos sobre la proporción de sexos, relación talla-peso, edad, crecimiento y tasa de supervivencia se han analizado para la señorita, Symphodus (Crenilabrus) tinca L., (total = 1443; machos = 848, hembras = 595) capturados en la zona de islas del Adriático central oriental durante el periodo de reproducción (Abril y Mayo) entre 1995 y 1999. La talla total de los individuos muestreados osciló entre 8.9 y 42.5 cm y el peso entre 7.9 y 764.2 g. La proporción de sexos total fue 1.43:1 a favor de los machos. Todos los individuos mayores de 28.9 cm fueron machos, como efecto de un mayor crecimiento. Las hembras de más edad fueron de 12 años, y los machos de 13. La ecuación de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy fue estimada para hembras (L? = 28.14; k = 0.294; t0 = -0.775) y machos (L? = 42.24; k = 0.214; t0 = -0.628). Las pendientes (valores de b) de las regresiones longitud total - peso indicaron crecimiento alométrico para los machos (b = 2.7205) y para el conjunto de ambos sexos (b = 2.8147) y crecimiento isométrico para hembras (b = 2.9901). La tasa de supervivencia de los machos (S = 0.80) fue ligeramente mayor que la de las hembras (0.756)