Vrikshayurveda - A Boon

Ancient India has given us a treasure of Vrikshayurveda which if utilised wisely can be a boon to our society. Looking at the pathetic malpractices of modern agriculture and haphazard use of chemical pesticides and fertilisers it is the need of time today to bring it back as part of good agriculture practises. Vrikshayurveda is a dedicated text written by Surpala signifying the importance of agriculture science. Vrikshayurveda means the science of Plant Life. Indian agriculture and horticulture stands at the crossroads today. Chemical fertilizers and pesticide are petroleum derivatives. But with the depletion of oil reserves all over this planet within next 20-25 years this system of agriculture cannot last. At that time we need to find out alternate cultivation methods and nothing can be better than Vrikshayurveda. Already there is a boom of organic farming nowadays. But organic farming and Vrikshayurveda are totally different aspects of agriculture. Simple experiments can always be done by easily available materials’ mentioned in Vrikshayurveda. Surpala also comes up with a number of impractical suggestions, fanciful ideas that do not please us at times therefore further study and research should go along simultaneously

Cor triatriatum sinister with situs inversus totalis in an infant.

Cor triatriatum sinister is a rare congenital cardiac malformation characterized by a membrane in the left atrium which separates the left atrium into the proximal and distal chambers.Association of cor triatriatum is extremely rare with situs inversus totalis. This article reports a rare case of cor triatriatum sinister with situs inversus totalis in a 5 month old female infantpeer-reviewe

An asymptomatic 11 year child with ruptured sinus of Valsalva

Ruptured sinus of Valsalva (RSOV) is a rare lesion in a paediatric age group. A right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm usually ruptures into the right ventricle, while aneurysms of non-coronary sinus do so into the right atrium. RSOV usually presents in the third decade of life with congestive heart failure and is more common among Asians with male predominance. It may present as acute cardiogenic shock and sudden death or may remain completely asymptomatic with incidental detection by a murmur. Surgery is indicated as early as possible, once the diagnosis is made as without surgery, most cases will eventually succumb to uncontrollable congestive heart failure. This article reports an 11 year old child with the diagnosis of ruptured sinus of Valsalva.peer-reviewe

Huffman Encoding using VLSI

Huffman coding is entropy encoding algorithm used for lossless data compression. It basically uses variable length coding which is done using binary tree method. In our implementation of Huffman encoder, more frequent input data is encoded with less number of binary bits than the data with less frequency.This way of coding is used in JPEG and MPEG for image compression. Huffman coding uses a specific method for choosing the representation for each symbol, resulting in a prefix code. Prefix-free codes means the bit string representing some particular symbol is never a prefix of the bit string representing any other symbol

Hydrogen production using waste aluminium dross: from industrial waste to next-generation fuel

ArticleThis article describes the production of hydrogen from white aluminium dross, an industrial waste generated in the aluminium smelter plants. Hydrogen is generated by metal-water reaction between aluminium and water in presence of alkalis like sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Aluminium dross is described as a heterogeneous material with its major constituents being metallic aluminium, alumina and other salt fluxes like NaCl and KCl. Utilizing the metallic aluminium content entrapped in the matrix of alumina for the metal-water reaction has been the driving force for the waste recycling and simultaneous hydrogen production. Bulk aluminium dross was crushed and downsized. The finer fraction of the powdered aluminium dross is used for the experiments. The effects of dross in the alkaline solution, temperature of the solution and the time of the reaction were studied to understand the generation of hydrogen. The alkaline solution breaks the protective layer of alumina and exposes the entrapped aluminium content to water, thereby commencing the hydrogen liberation

Medication pattern and adherence to type II diabetes treatment at university hospital of Central India

Background: The estimated number of diabetics in India was 62.4 million in 2011 projected to rise 101.2 million by 2030. Rational medication pattern and adherence to treatment are key components of diabetes control. Study purpose is to evaluate medication pattern and assess adherence to treatment. Methods: Prospective, observational and questionnaire-based study. Medication pattern evaluated from prescriptions and adherence assessed with Morisky medication adherence scale. Result: Total 200 prescriptions were studied. 98 (49%) and 102 (51%) were male and female respectively. Majority were above 60 years of age. Co-morbid conditions were found in 175 (87%) patients with hypertension (72%), being more common. Patients were prescribed 1216 medications. The average number of drugs per prescription was 6.20. Oral hypoglycemic drugs were 22.69%. Commonly prescribed drugs were anti-hypertensive (15.70%), drugs for coronary artery disease (10.36%), antibiotics, NSAID, PPI, vitamins and minerals (31.99%). High, medium and low adherence were observed in 47%, 38% and 15% of patients. Males (61%) adherence more than females in high adherence group. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the variability of drug utilization in diabetics. More than fifty percent patient have medium and low adherence which affects control of diabetes. Factors leading to poor adherence should be studied for better control of diabetes

AYURVEDIC GARBHA VIKAS KRAM IN CONTEXT TO EMBRYOGENESIS AND FOETAL DEVELOPMENT

Sushrut samhita is one of those Ayurvedic classic which deals with human anatomy and physiology. It gives precise description of Garbha vruddhi and vikas kram though there were no modern imaging techniques like sonography. Different Granthas state various views regarding Garbha utpatti and Garbha vriddhi. Acharyas have also mentioned Garbhini lakshana which are helpful in diagnosis of early pregnancy. Charak has mentioned signs observed in Garbhini with progression of pregnancy. Whereas modern obstetrics is one of the most cardinal branch which concerned with human reproduction. This science provide each minute detail regarding foetal growth and development. Tremendous research has been done in the field of modern obstetrics.Foetal deaths and neonatal mortality is always an issue of concern. One can get relevant references of these issues in Samhitas. Acharyas has mentioned topic of Garbha in concise form. Extensive study and discussion is essential to understand ancient concept of Garbha vikas. Review of Ayurvedic text along with modern text will help to obtain knowledge regarding this. This study is an attempt to elaborate and compare both ancient and modern concept of embryogenesis. There might be some variation when we consider both perspectives. But it is really interesting to find similarities beside a huge gap of time

Role of Threaded Tool Pin Profile and Rotational Speed on Generation of Defect Free Friction Stir AA 2014 Aluminium Alloy Welds

Influence of threads on tool pin and rotational speeds on defect occurrence in friction stir welding (FSW) of aluminum alloy AA 2014 T6 plates has been studied. The effect of FSW forces on the evolution of mechanistic defects, caused in turn through a variation in heat generation during the process has also been examined. In case of conical tool pin, relatively lower rotational speeds resulted in unbounded zones and micro defects while high speeds caused excessive flash, thereby resulting in surface defects and voids inside the weld. The FSW joints were defect-free at moderate speeds, hinting an optimum heat generation and flow. Reaction forces on the tool pin, in the welding direction, were correlated with the defect formation. Tools equipped with a threaded conical pin profile resulted in sound welds, irrespective of the tool rotational speeds in the entire range of 400 rpm - 2400 rpm. The threaded conical pin, with a relatively larger frictional area, may be contributing to higher levels of heat generation compared to a plain conical pin. Further, positive displacement of the hot plasticised material by the threads will carry away excess heat from the advancing-to-the-retracting side and simultaneously downwards, thus confining all heat within the weld zone.

RCC prolapse causing Aortic regurgitation in a restrictive VSD

The incidence of aortic right coronary cusp (RCC) prolapse in outlet ventricular septal defect (VSD) is reported at 5%- 16%. Detection of RCC prolapse is critical in patients with outlet VSD because this complication may cause permanent aortic regurgitation. Aortic regurgitation occurs due to a poorly supported RCC combined with the venturi effect due to the VSD jet resulting in cusp prolapse. This is an indication for VSD closure even if VSD is small and restrictive.peer-reviewe

Determinants and Associated Disability of Leprosy Patients Attending GMLF, Sevagram

Background: Leprosy, as an oldest disease known to a man and already eliminated from India in 2005, still poses a public health problem with steady new case detection rate. Method: The present study was carried out in Gandhi memorial leprosy foundation, Wardha, with the aim to find out proportion of multibacillary leprosy cases and various grading of disability and factors associated with it in this part of country. All the successive new OPD patients were included in study and examined for type of leprosy and grade of disability if present. Analysis done by Descriptive statistics. Result: 66 % had multibacillary type of leprosy and 44 % the disability. Higher age group, females, illiterate and less educated, unskilled and low income group were mostly affected. Conclusion: high proportion of multibacillary cases and disabilities reflects the need for active thrust to identify new cases