SURVEY THE MUTATION OF FGB (BETA FIBRINOGEN) AND FV (FACTOR V LEIDEN), FACTOR XIII AND FACTOR II (PROTHROMBIN), IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT ABORTIONS ALONG WITH NORMAL KARYOTYPE

Some pregnancies are abnormal in human genetically and end with the spontaneous abortion, which is the most common problem of pregnancy. The recurrent abortions are often referred to as multifactorial disease that one of which is thrombosis. The thrombosis in placenta capillaries seems to disturb the blood circulation between the mother and the fetus and eventually lead to abortion. Recently, studies have shown that genetic basis for thrombophilia relates with recurrent abortion. The aim of this study is the survey of G1691A and G4070A mutations in the Factor V gene, -455G>A mutation in the gen of XIII factor, G103T mutation in Beta fibrinogen and A20210G mutation in the thrombin gene. The samples were collected from 60 patients referred to Tehran Imam Khomeini hospital .DNA was extracted from patients' blood samples by multiple PCR simultaneously containing different mutations were duplicated then the existence of mutation was evaluated by the strip technique. The genes mutation of G1691A in Factor V, G4070A in Factor V, G103T in Beta fibrinogen, -455G>A in the XIII factor and G20210A were identified 6.6, 45, 36, 40 and 3.3 respectively. Studies on the other population showed that frequency of examined mutations varies with other communities. Anyway, more samples are required in order to obtain more accurate statistics related to the frequency of mutations

Comparison of antibacterial activity of essential oils of Foeniculum vulgare Mill, Mentha arvensis and Mentha piperita against Streptococcus mutans

Background and aims: Tooth decay is one of the most common chronic diseases around the world and this problem is the result of variety of different bacteria. Streptococcus mutants is one of the most important bacteria which is related to this disease. Finding new effective antibacterial agents is an important area in bioscience for fighting and controlling bacterial infections. Essential oils are most important natural sources of antibacterial agents, particularly against drug-resistant bacteria. Methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the antibacterial activity of three essential oils Mentha arvensis, Mentha piperita and Foeniculum vulgare Mill against Streptococcus mutants. Disk diffusion method was carried out and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were measured. Results: The results showed that all three essential oils have antibacterial activity against S. mutants. With a constant concentration of 100 µg/µl, the efficiency of Mentha piperita and then Foeniculum vulgare Mill was higher than the efficiency of Mentha arvensis at all 3 given time points (24, 48 and 72 hours). The most effective MIC and MBC were related to Streptococcus mutants using Foeniculum vulgare essential oil which were equal to 8.4 and 14.9 µg/ml, respectively. MIC and MBC for Mentha piperita essential oil were measured 10.5 and 16.3 µg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The Essential oils used in present study with different components showed antibacterial activity and therefore they can be used as new antibacterial substances

The comparison of N-acetylcysteine and Vitamin D on oxidative Liver Toxicity in Sub-Acute Paraquat Poisoning

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Paraquat is mainly used as an herbicide and its toxicity can be caused by acute and chronic liver disease by increasing the active oxygen species, in this study, we investigated the effect of N-acetyl cysteine and vitamin D on the oxidative toxicity of Liver tissue in sub-acute toxicity with paraquat. METHODS: In this experimental study, 36 male albino Wistar 8 weeks old were randomly divided into 6 groups: 1) control group; 2, 3) control animals received intraperitoneal injection of Vit D 2 μg/kg/day or NAC 6.25 mg/kg/day (IP); 4) received paraquat 5 mg/kg/day (IP); 5 and 6) received paraquat and treated with Vit D 2 μg/kg/day or NAC 6.25 mg/kg/day for 7 days. At the end of the study, serum and liver tissue were collected. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (LPO), total thiol groups (TTG), ALT and AST levels in liver tissue were evaluated. Also liver histopathological evaluation was performed. FINDING: Based on the results, in paraquat-poisoned groups compared to the healthy control group, the LPO was increased by 239.83±70.87 versus the control group 123.1±16.63 and the liver enzymes were increased. TAC in paraquat-poisoned groups was 68.66±23.41 that showed a significant decrease compared to the control group 126.50±18.25. Also, TTG in paraquat-poisoned groups was 40.50±5.95 that significantly decreased compared to control group (P<0.05). Moreover, LPO was significantly reduced in vitamin-treated groups 156.33±39.40 compared to the paraquat-poisoned group of 239.83±70.87. In addition, histopathologic findings showed that vitamin D could improve the tissue damage caused by paraquat in the liver. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicated that Vit D and NAC decreased oxidative toxic stress, and tissue damage in the Liver caused by paraquat poisoning

Simulation of transport in laterally gated junctionless transistors fabricated by local anodization with an atomic force microscope

In this paper, we have investigated the characteristics and transport features of junctionless lateral gate transistors via measurement and simulations. The transistor is fabricated using an atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanolithography technique on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer. This work develops our previous examination of the device operation by using 3D numerical simulations to offer a better understanding of the origin of the transistor operation. We compare the experimental measurements and simulation results in the transfer characteristic and drain conductance. We also explore the behavior of the device in on and off states based on the variation of majority and minority carriers' density, electric-field components, and recombination/generation rate of carriers in the active region of the device. We show that the device is a normally on device that can force the current through a depleted region (off state) and uses bulk conduction instead of surface conduction. We also found that due to the lateral gate design, low-doped channel, and lack of the gate oxide the electrostatic squeezing of the channel effectively forces the device into the off state, but the current improvement by accumulation of carriers is not significant

Pinch-off effect in p-type double gate and single gate junctionless silicon nanowire transistor fabricated by atomic force microscopy nanolithography

The spark of aggressive scaling of transistors was started after the Moors law on prediction of device dimensions. Recently, among the several types of transistors, junctionless transistors were considered as one of the promising alternative for new generation of nanotransistors. In this work, we investigate the pinch-off effect in double gate and single gate junctionless lateral gate transistors. The transistors are fabricated on lightly doped (1015) p-type Silicon-on-insulator wafer by using an atomic force microscopy nanolithography technique. The transistors are normally on state devices and working in depletion mode. The behavior of the devices confirms the normal behavior of the junctionless transistors. The pinch-off effect appears at VG +2.0 V and VG +2.5 V for fabricated double gate and single structure, respectively. On state current is in the order of 10-9 (A) for both structures due to low doping concentration. The single gate and double gate devices exhibit an Ion/Ioff of approximately 105 and 106, respectively

Impact of KOH etching on nanostructure fabricated by local anodic oxidation method

In this letter, we investigate the impact of potassium hydroxide (KOH) etching procedure on Silicon nanostructure fabricated by Atomic force microscopy on P-type Silicon-on-insulator. An electrochemical process, as the local anodic oxidation followed by two wet chemical etching steps, KOH etching for silicon removal and hydrofluoric etching for oxide removal, were implemented to fabricate the silicon nanostructures. The effect of the pure KOH concentrations (10% to 30% wt) on the quality of the surface is studied. The influence of etching immersing time in etching of nanostructure and SOI surface are considered as well. Impact of different KOH concentrations mixed with 10% IPA with reaction temperature on etch rate is investigated. The KOH etching process is elaborately optimized by 30%wt. KOH + 10%vol. IPA in appropriate time and temperature. The angle of the walls in etch pit for extracted nanowire reveals some deviation from the standard anisotropic etching

ON THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE POINT SPECTRUM OF A AND INVERTIBILITY OF I + f (A)B Communicated by Mehdi Radjabalipour

Abstract. Let A be a bounded linear operator on a Banach space X. We investigate the conditions of existing rank-one operator B such that I + f (A)B is invertible for every analytic function f on σ(A). Also, we compare the invariant subspaces of f (A)B and B. This work is motivated by an operator method on the Banach space 2 for solving some PDEs, extended to general operator space under some conditions here

Factors Predicting Self-Care Behaviors among Low Health Literacy Hypertensive Patients Based on Health Belief Model in Bushehr District, South of Iran

The aim of this study was to determine the factors influencing adherence to self-care behaviors among low health literacy hypertensive patients based on health belief model. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 152 hypertensive patients with low health literacy. Patients with limited health literacy were identified by S-TOFHLA. The data were collected using H-scale for assessing self-care behaviors and, HK-LS for assessing knowledge of hypertension. A researcher-made questionnaire was applied for collecting data of health belief model constructs. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 with using multiple logistic regression analyses. Perceived self-efficacy was associated with all self-care behaviors except medication regimens. There was a significant association between perceived susceptibility and adherence to both low-salt diet (OR = 3.47) and nonsmoking behavior (OR = 1.10). Individuals who had more perceived severity (OR = 1.82) had significantly greater adherence to their medication regimens. Perceived benefits and barriers were not significantly associated with either type of hypertension self-care behaviors. It seems that designing and implementation of educational programs to increase self-efficacy of patients and promote their beliefs about perceived susceptibility and severity of complications may improve self-care behaviors among low health literacy hypertensive patients

The genotoxicity study of garlic and pasipy herbal drops by peripheral blood micronucleus test

The in vivo rodent micronucleus test is widely used as a genotoxic assay to detect the clastogenic activity of chemicals. In this research the genotoxic effects of herbal drops of garlic and pasipy were evaluated using the micronucleus test. Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) was determined by a dose-response test. For each medicine three treatment groups were considered with doses of MTD, 1/2 MTD and 1/4 MTD according to the CSGMT protocol (1995 Japan). Drugs were administered orally to mice (test groups). Mitomicin C was used as a known genotoxic agent in positive control group. The peripheral blood samples before treatment (zero time samples) were considered as negative control. The appearance of a micronucleus is used as an index for genotoxic potential. The results obtained indicated that the herbal drops showed genotoxicity effect and it was dose-dependent compared to the negative control group. This genotoxicity was significant (p0.05). Therefore our results if compared to thenegative control group is significant and it is worthy of consideration