Candidate screening for the recruitment of critical research and development workers - a report and preliminary results with evidence from experimental data from German high-tech firms

The report focuses on résumé-based screening strategies for the recruitment of highly qualified research and development (R&D) workers (critical R&D workers) in high-tech firms. We investigate which kinds of professional background, job-related experience, motivations, specific skills, and previous inventive activity make a candidate attractive for firms specializing in clean technology or mechanical elements. The report is based on a combination of survey and experimental data collected from 194 HR decision makers in German high-tech firms and from 89 technology experts in the clean technology and mechanical elements fields. A mixed logit model is used to analyse hiring preferences because this model allows us to deal with repeated choices. We find that HR decision makers prefer candidates with technology-specific patenting experience, an engineering background, analytical thinking skills, and a strong desire to develop path-breaking technologies. Furthermore, no one-size-fits-all candidate exists that is equally preferred in both technology fields. HR decision makers in mechanical element firms prefer specialists to generalists, whereas those in clean technology attach special importance to a candidate’s orientation towards environmental concerns and sustainability

Born to be green: new insights into the economics and management of green entrepreneurship

While the number of green start-ups has steadily increased around the world in response to the environmental problems demanding immediate solutions, there are several unresolved questions on the behaviour and performance of such ventures. The papers in this special issue shed light on these issues by underscoring the role of several factors, such as industry life cycles, knowledge spillovers, institutions, and availability of external finance, in shaping decision-making and firm behaviour in green start-ups. This paper highlights the state-of-the art developments in the literature, discusses the key contributions of the papers put together in this special issue and presents a future research agenda for scholars interested in green entrepreneurship

Wellbeing indicators affecting female entrepreneurship in OECD countries

[EN] The objective of this research is to know which wellbeing indicators, such as work-life balance, educational level, income or job security, are related to the rate of female entrepreneurship in 29 OECD countries. In addition, these countries have been classified according to the motivation of the entrepreneur either by necessity or by opportunity. The empiric study is focused on 29 OECD countries covering the different geographic areas (Western Europe, Central and Eastern Europe, Middle East, etc.) Due to the fact that the sample is relatively small, it is essential to use a selective approach when selecting the causal conditions. To this end, fsQCA is the most appropriate methodology for such a small data set. A total of 5 variables have been used: an independent variable (female TEA ratio), and four dependent variables (work life balance, educational level, sustainable household income and job security). Data measuring female TEA ratio have been obtained from Global Entrepreneur Monitor (GEM in Global report, 2015) data base, while data measuring wellbeing dimensions were taken from the Better Life Index (OECD in How¿s life? Measuring wellbeing, 2015. http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org). The results of this piece of research show that countries with high sustainable household income together with high level of education achieves high female entrepreneurship ratio with both, a good work-life balance (despite of a high unemployment probability), or a high labour-personal imbalance (in this latter, with a low probability of unemployment).This work has been funded by the R + D project for emerging research groups with reference (GVA) GV/2016/078.Ribes-Giner, G.; Moya Clemente, I.; Cervelló Royo, RE.; Perelló Marín, MR. (2019). Wellbeing indicators affecting female entrepreneurship in OECD countries. 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Res. 21(3), 472–488 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2013-0210Bianchi, M., Parisi, V., Salvatore, R.: Female entrepreneurs: motivations and constraints. An Italian regional study. Int. J. Gend. Entrep. 8(3), 198–220 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-08-2015-0029Bittencourt Marconatto, D.A., Barin-Cruz, L., Pozzebon, M., Poitras, J.E.: Developing sustainable business models within BOP contexts: mobilizing native capability to cope with government programs. J. Clean. Prod. 129, 735–748 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.03.038Boarini, R., Comola, M., Smith, C., Manchin, R., de Keulenaer, F.: What makes for a better life? The determinants of subjective well-being in OECD countries—evidence from the Gallup World Poll. OECD statistics working papers, 2012(3), 0_1 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1787/5k9b9ltjm937-enBoarini, R., D’Ercole, M.M.: Going beyond GDP: an OECD perspective. Fisc. 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Change 43(3), 719–750 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2012.01780.xGEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor): Global report (2015)Harter, J.K., Schmidt, F.L., Keyes, C.L.M.: Wellbeing in the workplace and its relationship to business outcomes. A review of the Gallup studies. In: Keyes, C.L.M., Haidt, J. (eds.) Flourishing: The Positive Person and the Good Life, pp. 205–224. American Psychologi cal Association, Washington (2003)Henry, C., Foss, L., Ahl, H.: Gender and entrepreneurship research: a review of methodological approaches. Int. Small Bus. J. 34(3), 217–241 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242614549779Hessels, J., Van Gelderen, M., Thurik, R.: Entrepreneurial aspirations, motivations, and their drivers”. Small Bus. Econ. 31(3), 323–339 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-008-9134-xIezzi, D.F., Deriu, F.: Women active citizenship and wellbeing: the Italian case. Qual. Quant. 48(2), 845–862 (2014)Jansson, T.: Housing choices and labor income risk. J. Urban Econ. 99, 107–119 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2016.12.006Johansen, V., Foss, L.: The effects of entrepreneurship education—does gender matter? Int. J. Entrep. Small Bus. 20(3), 255–271 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2013.056889Judge, W.Q., Hu, H.W., Gabrielsson, J., Talaulicar, T., Witt, M.A., Zattoni, A., Kibler, B.: Configurations of capacity for change in entrepreneurial threshold firms: imprinting and strategic choice perspectives. J. Manag. Stud. 52(4), 506–530 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12121Kautonen, T., Kibler, E., Minniti, M.: Late-career entrepreneurship, income and quality of life. J. Bus. Ventur. 32(3), 318–333 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2017.02.005Kephart, P., Schumacher, L.: Has the “glass ceiling” cracked? An exploration of women entrepreneurship. J. Leadersh. Organ. Stud. 12(1), 2–15 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1177/107179190501200102Kirkwood, J.: Motivational factors in a push–pull theory of entrepreneurship. Gend. 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Sustainable Entrepreneurship: The Role of Perceived Barriers and Risk

FdR – Publicaties niet-programma gebonde

Organized Crime and Violence in Mexico

This report focuses on trends in organized crime and violence in Mexico, which have been enormous concerns to U.S. and Mexican authorities and the general public in both countries the past few decades. For ten years (2009-2018), this report was entitled Drug Violence in Mexico, because of the dramatic increase in violence associated with Mexican drug trafficking organizations. However, in 2019, the authors modified the title and scope of the report in an effort to more accurately reflect the significant changes that have occurred in the dynamics Mexico’s public security situation, as the nature of organized crime and violence in Mexico has evolved and become more complex. Accordingly, this report on Organized Crime and Violence in Mexico—the second edition under this title—compiles the latest available information and relevant research on these topics with an emphasis on data made available by Mexican authorities

Personalized Prognostic Prediction of Real World Treatment Outcome in OCD & Related Disorders

Can the combination of pretreatment characteristics (i.e., clinical, demographics) predict benefit (reduction in OCD symptom severity) from partial/residential treatment for OCD and related disorders? We will determine whether 93 pre-treatment predictor variables are related to self-report Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale scores at discharge in a naturalistic sample of adults (18+) receiving partial/residential treatment

714-4 What is the Optimal Pulse Duration for Defibrillation? Insights from a Porcine Animal Model

We investigated the effect of modifying total biphasic shock duration (SDur) in 7 anesthesized pigs while keeping pulse 1/pulse 2 duration ratio constant (60%/40%; pulse 1=first part, pulse 2=second part of biphasic shock). Different SDurs of 10.8ms (pulse 1: 6 ms(Interpulse delay: 0.8ms/pulse 2: 4ms), 7.1ms (3.8/0.8/2.5ms) and 3.6 ms (1,7/0.8/1.1 ms) generated by an external capacitor (Medtronic 2349®) were tested in a randomized protocol against a SDur of 14.3 ms (8.1/0.8/5.4 ms) used by a currently available defibrillator system (CPI ECD®). 5 shocks were delivered at each energy level between 5 and 40 Joules (J) in 5 J steps through a transvenous/subcutaneous lead system (CPI Endotak C®/SubQ®). Voltage and current were recorded on an oscilloscope and impedance calculated as voltage divided by current.ResultsCumulative success at all energy levels was higher with 7.1 ms SDur (70%) than with 10.8 ms (56%, p<0.01). 14.3 ms (37%, p<0.001) and 3.6 ms (48%, p<0.001). SOur of 10.8 ms were significantly more successful than 14.3 ms (p<0.001; x2-test). Shocks of 14.3 ms had a significantly lower impedance at the trailing edge of pulse 2 compared to shorter SDur (31.6±9.3rl vs. 37±7.9rl/l0.8 ms, 36.2±7Ω/7.1 ms and 35±9Ω/3.6 ms).Conclusions1) In analogy to chronaxy in electrostimulation there is an optirnal SDur for defibrillation. 2) In this animal model the optimal SDur for biphasic shocks is considerably shorter than the one used with currently available defibrillator systems. 3) This may be due to a significantly lower impedance at the trailing edge of pulse 2 for longer SDur possibly leading to refibrillation. 4) Shorter SDurs may allow the use of smaller capacitors in future clinical devices