317 research outputs found
Explosive Instabilities in a Cold Beam-Plasma System
Coordinated Science Laboratory was formerly known as Control Systems Laborator
Comparative West Nile virus detection in organs of naturally infected American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos).
Widespread deaths of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos)were associated with the 1999 outbreak of West Nile (WN) virus in the New York City region. We compared six organs from 20 crow carcasses as targets for WN virus detection. Half the carcasses had at least one positive test result for WN virus infection. The brain was the most sensitive test organ; it was the only positive organ for three of the positive crows. The sensitivity of crow organs as targets for WN virus detection makes crow death useful for WN virus surveillance
ΠΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π§Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ
ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡ
. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π° Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ.ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΡΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΎΠΏβΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΌΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΡ
. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΡ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠ² Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π½Ρ ΠΌΡΠ½Π»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΌΡΠ³ΠΈ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ.Factor analysis of the time-series of annual and five-year averaged meteorological and hydrological values measured on shore hydrometeorological stations was performed. Quantitative estimations were obtained for the global and regional factors input to the interannual and decadal variability of the Ukrainian Black Sea coastal zone hydrometeorological regimen indices
A continuous isotropic-nematic liquid crystalline transition of F-actin solutions
The phase transition from the isotropic (I) to nematic (N) liquid crystalline
suspension of F-actin of average length m or above was studied by local
measurements of optical birefringence and protein concentration. Both
parameters were detected to be continuous in the transition region, suggesting
that the I-N transition is higher than 1st order. This finding is consistent
with a recent theory by Lammert, Rokhsar & Toner (PRL, 1993, 70:1650),
predicting that the I-N transition may become continuous due to suppression of
disclinations. Indeed, few line defects occur in the aligned phase of F-actin.
Individual filaments in solutions of a few mg/ml F-actin undergo fast
translational diffusion along the filament axis, whereas both lateral and
rotational diffusions are suppressed.Comment: 4 pages with 4 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letter
Physical IC debug β backside approach and nanoscale challenge
Physical analysis for IC functionality in submicron technologies requires access through chip backside. Based upon typical global backside preparation with 50–100 µm moderate silicon thickness remaining, a state of the art of the analysis techniques available for this purpose is presented and evaluated for functional analysis and layout pattern resolution potential. A circuit edit technique valid for nano technology ICs, is also presented that is based upon the formation of local trenches using the bottom of Shallow Trench Isolation (STI) as endpoint for Focused Ion Beam (FIB) milling. As a derivative from this process, a locally ultra thin silicon device can be processed, creating a back surface as work bench for breakthrough applications of nanoscale analysis techniques to a fully functional circuit through chip backside. Several applications demonstrate the power and potential of this new approach
Psychotropic medication use and cognition in institutionalized older adults with mild to moderate dementia
Background: Most studies examining psychotropic medication use on cognition in older persons with dementia include measures of global cognitive function. The present study examined the relationship between different types of psychotropic medication and specific cognitive functions in older people with dementia. Methods: Two hundred and six institutionalized older adults with dementia (180 women, mean age 85 years) were administered neuropsychological tests. Psychotropic medication use was extracted from their medical status and categorized as: sedatives, antidepressants and antipsychotics. Results: Analysis of covariance revealed that psychotropic consumers, and particularly those who used antipsychotics, performed worse on neuropsychological tests of executive/attentional functioning than non-consumers. There were no differences between consumers of other classes of psychotropic drugs and non-consumers. The number of psychotropic drugs used was inversely related to executive/attentional functioning. Conclusions: These findings show that in institutionalized older adults with dementia, specific impairment of cognitive function, i.e. executive/attentional impairments, are associated with antipsychotic medication use. Future longitudinal studies are recommended. Β© 2009 International Psychogeriatric Association
Penile Cancer Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Advanced Penile Carcinoma
e u r o p e a n u r o l o g y 5 2 ( 2 0 0 7 ) 4 8 8 -4 9 4 a v a i l a b l e a t w w w . s c i e n c e d i r e c t . c o m j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e u r o p e a n u r o l o g y . c o m Please visit www.eu-acme.org/ europeanurology to read and answer questions on-line. The EU-ACME credits will then be attributed automatically. Article info Abstract Objective: Little data on the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced penile carcinoma are available. We describe the experiences at our institute. Methods: A total of 20 patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for downstaging of irresectable disease in the period from 1972 until August 2005. During this 34-yr period, five different chemotherapeutic regimens were used. We evaluated clinical tumour response, chemotherapeutic toxicity, rate and type of subsequent surgery, histopathologic features, and long-term clinical outcome. Results: An objective tumour response was achieved in 12 of 19 evaluable patients. Overall 5-yr survival was 32%. A significant difference ( p = 0.012) in survival was found between responders (5-yr survival 56%) and nonresponders (all patients died within 9 mo). Nine responders underwent subsequent surgery with curative intent. Eight of them were long-term survivors without evidence of recurrent disease. Three nonresponders were operated on to improve local control. All died within 8 mo after surgery. Toxicity of chemotherapy was high with three toxic deaths and discontinuation of treatment in one patient. Conclusions: Of 20 patients with advanced penile carcinoma, 12 were responsive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 8 were long-term survivors after subsequent surgery. These results suggest that neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a valuable treatment option for patients with irresectable penile carcinoma, which is otherwise considered incurable. Surgery should be performed only in patients showing clinical response to chemotherapy because prognosis for nonresponding patients who underwent surgery was dismal and local control was not improved
Locked modes and magnetic field errors in the Madison Symmetric Torus
In the Madison Symmetric Torus (MST) reversed-field pinch [Fusion Technol. 19, 13 1 ( 1991)] magnetic oscillations become stationary (locked) in the lab frame as a result of a process involving interactions between the modes, sawteeth, and field errors. Several helical modes become phase locked to each other to form a rotating localized disturbance, the disturbance locks to an impulsive field error generated at a sawtooth crash, the error fields grow monotonically after locking (perhaps due to an unstable interaction between the modes and field error), and over tens of milliseconds of growth confinement degrades and the discharge event.ually terminates. Field error control has been partially su&essful in eliminating locking
Survival and Cost-Effectiveness of Trabectedin Compared to Ifosfamide Monotherapy in Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma Patients
Contains fulltext :
208922.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Trabectedin and ifosfamide are among the few cytostatic agents active in advanced soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). Trabectedin is most potent against so-called L-sarcomas (leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma). The survival gain and cost-effectiveness of these agents in a second-line setting were analysed in the setting of advanced STS after failure of anthracyclines. A prospective observational trial had previously been performed to assess the use of trabectedin in a Dutch real-world setting. Data on ifosfamide monotherapy were acquired from previous studies, and an indirect comparison of survival was made. A state-transition economic model was constructed, in which patients could be in mutually exclusive states of being preprogression, postprogression, or deceased. The costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for both treatments were assessed from a Dutch health-care perspective. Separate analyses for the group of L-sarcomas and non-L-sarcomas were performed. Trabectedin treatment resulted in a median progression-free survival of 5.2 months for L-sarcoma patients, 2.0 months for non-L-sarcoma patients, and a median overall survival of 11.8 and 6.0 months, respectively. For L-sarcoma patients, trabectedin offered an increase of 0.368 life years and 0.251 QALYs compared to ifosfamide and euro20,082 in additional costs, for an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of euro80,000 per QALY gained. In the non-L-sarcoma patients, trabectedin resulted in 0.413 less life years and 0.266 less QALYs, at the increased cost of euro4,698. The difference in survival between drugs and the acquisition costs of trabectedin were the main influences in these models. Trabectedin was shown to have antitumour efficacy in advanced L-sarcoma. From a health economics perspective, the costs per QALY gained compared to ifosfamide monotherapy that may be acceptable, considering what is currently regarded as acceptable in the Netherlands
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