67 research outputs found
Antiplatelet activity of new derivatives of benzimidazole containing sterically hindered phenolic group in their structure
The chemical class of benzimidazole derivatives with a hindered phenolic substituent in their structure is promising for the search for new antiaggregant and antioxidant drug
The Design Optimization and Experimental Investigation of the 4.4 ΞΌm Raman Laser Basedon Hydrogen-filled Revolver Silica Fiber
Optical properties of hollow-core revolver fibers are numerically investigated depending on various parameters: the hollow-core diameter, the capillary wall thickness, the values of the minimum gap between the capillaries, the number of capillaries in the cladding and the type of glass (silica and chalcogenide). Preliminary, similar calculations are made for simple models of hollow-core fibers. Based on the obtained results, the optimal design of the revolver fiber for Raman laser frequency conversion (1.56 ΞΌm β 4.4 ΞΌm in 1H2) was determined. As a result, efficient ns-pulsed 4.42 ΞΌm Raman laser based on 1H2-filled revolver silica fiber is realized. Quantum efficiency as high as 36 % is achieved and output average power as high as 250 mW is demonstrated
Cost-effectiveness analysis of pembrolizumab versus targeted therapies in advanced melanoma
Background. The modern therapies of advanced melanoma include targeted medicines for patients with BRAF mutations. Nowadays, a new perspective on immuno-oncologic medicine pembolizumab became available in Russia. Objective. Assessment of the clinical and economic effectiveness of the use of pembolizumab in the treatment of unrespectable and metastatic melanoma in comparison with targeted medicines in the context of Russian public health. Materials and methods. The Markov model was developed, including the states Β«without progressionΒ», Β«after progressionΒ» and Β«deathΒ», the duration of one Markov cycle is 1 month, the modeling time horizon is 5 years. The probabilities of transitions between states were described using mathematical formulas obtained as a result of digitization and approximation of Kaplan-Mayer survival curves, which were derived from randomized clinical trials KEYNOTE-006, COMBI-v and COMBI-d. Direct medical costs (including drug costs, treatment of adverse events, second-line therapy after disease progression, and palliative care) were analyzed. We did not take into account the costs associated with laboratory-diagnostic procedures and visits to the doctor. The sources of information were: weighted average prices of medicines indicated during public procurement for 2016 (the price of the drug pembolizumab provided by the manufacturer), a program of state guarantees for providing free medical care to Russian citizens for 2016, federal coefficients of relative costs for clinical and statistical groups. The effectiveness criterion for cost-effectiveness analysis was the average number of saved months of a patientβs life. Results. The average number of months saved was 30, 23, 24 and 30 months with pembolizumab, vemurafenib, dabrafenib and dabrafenib plus tramethanib, respectively (calculated using the developed model). Thus, pembolizumab has the same effectiveness as a combination of dabrafenib + tramethanib and is more effective than monotherapy with targeted drugs (dabrafenib or vemurafenib). Direct medical costs per patient over 5 years were approximately 4.06, 5.53, 5.91 and 15.72 million rubles when using pembolizumab, dabrafenib, vemurafenib and a combination of dabrafenib + trametinib, respectively. The health budget saving with pembolizumab instead of dabrafenib, vemurafenib and dabrafenib + trametinib combination may be 26%, 31% and 74%, respectively. Conclusion. Pembolizumab is a rational and economically justified choice for the treatment of unresectable and metastatic melanoma since it leads to cost savings when overall survival is increased
Azolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and Their Condensed Analogs with Anticoagulant Activity
Hypercytokinemia, or cytokine storm, is one of the severe complications of viral and bacterial infections, involving the release of abnormal amounts of cytokines, resulting in a massive inflammatory response. Cytokine storm is associated with COVID-19 and sepsis high mortality rate by developing epithelial dysfunction and coagulopathy, leading to thromboembolism and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Anticoagulant therapy is an important tactic to prevent thrombosis in sepsis and COVID-19, but recent data show the incompatibility of modern direct oral anticoagulants and antiviral agents. It seems relevant to develop dual-action drugs with antiviral and anticoagulant properties. At the same time, it was shown that azolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines are heterocycles with a broad spectrum of antiviral activity. We have synthesized a new family of azolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and their condensed polycyclic analogs by cyclocondensation reactions and direct CH-functionalization and studied their anticoagulant properties. Five compounds among 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones and 5-alkyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolo[3,2-a]purin-8-ones demonstrated higher anticoagulant activity than the reference drug, dabigatran etexilate. Antithrombin activity of most active compounds was confirmed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated blood to mimic the conditions of cytokine release syndrome. The studied compounds affected only the thrombin time value, reliably increasing it 6.5β15.2 times as compared to LPS-treated blood. Β© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Funding: This research was funded within the framework of the grant agreement as government subsidies from the federal budget in accordance with paragraph 4 of article 78.1 of the Budget Code of the Russian Federation (Moscow, 1 October 2020, No. 075-15-2020-777)
Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠ°-Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΌΡ
Comparative pharmacoeconomic analysis of fixed-dose combinations (FDC) vilanterol / fluticasone furoate vs budesonide / formoterol was needed to identify the preferable FDC for asthma management.Study objective: to identify the preferable FDC of inhaled corticosteroid/ longacting beta agonist combinations (ICS/LABA) for the treatment of moderate or severe asthma in Russia. Materials andMethods. Retrospective comparative pharmacoeconomic study; cost-minimization analysis and budget-impact analysis.Results. The present analysis shows that the 12-month direct medical costs for the treatment of asthma using vilanterol / fluticasone furoate and budesonide / formoterol are 29,276 and 40,447 RUR per patient, respectively. The direct costs of treatment with vilanterol / fluticasone furoate are less than those for budesonide / formoterol by 28%. The annual health budget savings that result from replacing budesonide / formoterol by vilanterol / fluticasone furoate are 1,151,512,731 RUR per 100,000 patients.Conclusion. The present results indicate that the vilanterol / fluticasone furoate FDC is preferable (more beneficial) as compared with the budesonide / formoterol FDC.Β ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΠ°Ρ ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΄ + ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π±Π΅ΡΠ°-Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΌΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π‘ΡΠΌΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΠ°Ρ ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΄ + ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² Π³ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 29 276 ΠΈ 40 447 ΡΡΠ±., ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π° 28% ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΄ + ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΠ°Ρ Ρ 100 000 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π² Π Π€ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ° Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ 1 151 512 731 ΡΡΠ±.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΠ°Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ (ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ) ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΄ + ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ».
ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ Π΄Π»Ρ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
The recently introduced novel drug combinations for the treatment of COPD are based on long-acting beta-agonists (vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide) and long-acting anticholinergics (olodaterol / tiotropium bromide). In addition to their beneficial clinical effects, these medications have an impact on COPD treatment costs. Minimizing the costs of highly effective medications is necessary to improve the public medical care and drug supply.Objective: to identify the key differences between vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide and olodaterol / tiotropium bromide, and evaluate the ways of minimizing health budget expenditures.Materials and methods. We used the available information from research, clinical trials, and instructions for medical use to conduct a cost analysis that was based on the prices for these medications at different levels of drug supply. As a result, the impact on the healthcare budget was determined under conditions of choosing the least expansive medication and adding vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide in the list of VED.Results. According to the network meta-analysis, when compared with mono-component drugs, vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide showed a more favorable effect on cardiovascular events, as well as a more pronounced effect on the volume of forced exhalation in the first second (FEV1). For the olodaterol / tiotropium bromide combination, no such trend was seen. The costs of 12-month therapy with vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide and with olodaterol / tiotropium bromide were 27,541 and 36,120 rubles, respectively (a difference of 24%). The average direct medical costs were 32,753 and 41,333 rubles per patient per year, respectively. If the vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide combination is added to the VED list and the manufacturerβs maximum selling price is registered at the level of the reference countries, the savings can reach 3-5%.Conclusion. In patients with severe and extremely severe COPD, and also when COPD monotherapy in patients without severe symptoms (FEV1 β₯50%, CAT <10 scores, mMRC <2) or with mild to moderate symptoms (FEV1 β₯50%) is not effective, the use of vilantererol / umeclidinum bromide in place of olodaterol / tiotropium bromide is more promising in terms of minimizing health budget spending.Β Π ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ (ΠΠ) Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
(Π₯ΠΠΠ) Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π±Π΅ΡΠ° Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² (ΠΠΠΠ) ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (ΠΠΠΠ₯): Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄. ΠΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π₯ΠΠΠ, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ. ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΠ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ β ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΠ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ° Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΠ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΠΠΠΠ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»Π° + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡ
Π° Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½Π΄Ρ (ΠΠ€Π1); Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ. Π‘ΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ + Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» ΠΈ ΠΠ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 27541 ΠΈ 36120 ΡΡΠ±. ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ (ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΡΠ° Π² 24%). Π‘ΡΠΌΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 32753 ΠΈ 41333 ΡΡΠ±. Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² Π³ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π° + Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ 3-5%.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π₯ΠΠΠ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ Π₯ΠΠΠ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π±Π΅Π· Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² (ΠΠ€Π1 β₯50%; Π‘ΠΠ’ <10 Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ²; mMRC <2) ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (ΠΠ€Π1 β₯50%) Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΠ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ» + ΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ° Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
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