8 research outputs found
Communautés végétales et faciÚs pastoraux dans la zone de Taourirt-Tafoughalt du Maroc oriental: écologie et inventaire floristique.
LâĂ©tude a Ă©tĂ© entreprise durant lâannĂ©e 2009 dans la zone «Taourirt-Tafoughalt» situeĂ© Ă lâOuest du Maroc oriental. Elle tente dâinventorier la vĂ©gĂ©tation naturelle et de la caractĂ©riser en terme Ă©cologique tout en mettant en relief lâimportance des conditions du milieu. La mĂ©thode utilisĂ©e consiste Ă dĂ©terminer la composition floristique des espĂšces et Ă dĂ©finir lâĂ©tat Ă©cologique de la vĂ©gĂ©tation moyennant des relevĂ©s phyto-Ă©cologiques. Les analyses statistiques ont Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©es Ă lâaide de lâAnalyse Factorielle des Correspondances (AFC). Les principaux rĂ©sultats montrent lâexistence de cinq principales formations vĂ©gĂ©tales: (i) forĂȘts, matorrals et steppes arborĂ©es, (ii) steppe Ă Stipa tenacissima, (iii) steppes dĂ©gradĂ©es mixtes, (iv) steppes dĂ©gradĂ©es Ă base dâAnabasis aphylla, Peganum harmala, Artemisia herba-alba, Asphodelus microcarpus et Thymelaea microphylla, et (v) steppes trĂšs localisĂ©es Ă psammophytes (Lygeum spartum et Thymelaea microphylla) et Ă gypso-halophytes (Salsola vermiculata et Atriplex halimus). Par ailleurs, la composition botanique dominante tĂ©moigne, en gĂ©nĂ©ral, dâune tendance vers une rĂ©gression qualitative importante du couvert vĂ©gĂ©tal. La plupart des formations sont constituĂ©es dâespĂšces indicatrices de dĂ©gradation avancĂ©e: Noaea mucronata, Asphodelus microcarpus, Thymelaea microphylla, Launaea acanthoclada, Anabasis aphylla, Peganum harmala, Urginea maritima, Lygeum spartum. La couverture vĂ©gĂ©tale, en dehors des forĂȘts et des steppes alfatiĂšres, est trĂšs faible (<15%). La pluviositĂ©, la lithologie (charge caillouteuse), la gĂ©omorphologie (gĂ©ologie, pente, topographie, exposition), le type de sols et lâinfluence anthropique, restent les principales variables qui dĂ©terminent la rĂ©partition des groupements vĂ©gĂ©taux. La texture du sol conditionne particuliĂšrement les groupements de situations extrĂȘmes, tels que les psammophytes et gypso-halophytes. Lâexamen phyto-sociologique nâa concernĂ© que les formations dominĂ©es par Stipa tenacissima. Cet examen montre des affinitĂ©s entre faciĂšs pastoraux et formations, exprimĂ©es par lâexistence dâespĂšces communes
Water productivity improvement of cereals and foods legumes in the Atbara Basin of Eritrea
The project âWater Productivity Improvement of Cereals and Food Legumes in the Atbara Basin of Eritreaâ is an example of organization and implementation of farmersâ participatory research, conducted utilizing the available indigenous knowledge while empowering farming communities. Farmers have been partners in technology development with extension and research, with full decision-making power in planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation.
The project produced, in partnership with farmers, new varieties of cereals and food legumes which have proven farmer acceptability; established seed systems which supply farmers with quality seed in a sustainable manner; enhanced farmersâ skills in participatory research and in community based seed production; strengthened the capacity of National Institutions to carry out participatory research and technology transfer, and strengthened linkages between research, seed, and extension departments by working together in cooperation with farmers and farmersâ communities.
Working conditions, during the course of the project were not always easy and became challenging towards the end of the project, but to work with farmers and learn from them has been an extremely rewarding experience
Integrated Ugi-Based Assembly of Functionally, Skeletally, and Stereochemically Diverse 1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-ones
A practical, integrated and versatile U-4CR-based assembly of 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones exhibiting functionally, skeletally, and stereochemically diverse substitution patterns is described. By virtue of its convergence, atom economy, and bond-forming efficiency, the methodology documented herein exemplifies the reconciliation of structural complexity and experimental simplicity in the context of medicinal chemistry projects.This work was financially supported by the Galician Government (Spain), Projects: 09CSA016234PR and GPC-2014-PG037. J.A. thanks FUNDAYACUCHO (Venezuela) for a predoctoral grant and DeputacioÌn da CorunÌa (Spain) for a postdoctoral research grant. A.N.-V. thanks the Spanish government for a RamoÌn y Cajal research contract