Physicochemical characteristics of citrus jelly with non cariogenic and functional sweeteners

In this study the effect of sweeteners with low glycemic index and non-cariogenic characteristics (isomaltulose, oligofructose and tagatose) in jelly prepared with citrus juice has been evaluated considering a citrus jelly formulated with sucrose as reference. The soluble solids, moisture content, pH, water activity, antioxidant capacity, optical and mechanical properties of jelly made using different sweeteners was determined during storage. Besides, mesophilic aerobics and moulds and yeasts was also counted to determine their stability over time. Sensory evaluation of the citrus jelly has also been done. The results showed the antioxidant activity decreased during storage in all formulations. Tagatose increased lightness whereas coordinates a*, b* and chrome of all the jellies prepared using new sweeteners were lower than jellies with sucrose. However, citrus jelly with only oligofructose or tagatose or with the mixture of isomaltulose and tagatose were most closely resembled to the control jelly with respect to mechanical properties. Jelly prepared with the combination of isomaltulose and tagatose in equal proportions obtained the best score in the sensorial analysis.The authors would like to thank the Serigo-Andres family for donating the raw materials, and also the GVA projects GV/2013/029, GV/2014/012 as well as the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (Spain) for the financial support given to this research study (UPV PAID-06-12 SP20120889).Rubio-Arraez, S.; Capella Hernández, JV.; Castelló Gómez, ML.; Ortolá Ortolá, MD. (2016). Physicochemical characteristics of citrus jelly with non cariogenic and functional sweeteners. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 53(10):3642-3650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-016-2319-4S364236505310Álvarez J, Pastoriza S, Alonso-Olalla R, Delgado-Andrade C, Rufián-Henares JA (2014) Nutritional and physicochemical characteristic of commercial Spanish citrus juices. Food Chem 164:396–405AOAC (2000) Official methods of analysis of AOAC international, 17th edn. Gaithersburg, MDCalzada-León R, Ruiz-Reyes ML, Altamirano-Bustamante N, Padrón-Martínez MM (2013) Features of the noncaloric sweeteners and their use in children. Acta Pediatr Méx 34(3):141–153Chacón-Villalobos A (2006) Current perspectives agribusiness oligofructosaccharides (FOS). Agron Mesoam 17(2):265–286De Oliva-Neto P, Menão PTP (2009) Isomaltulose production from sucrose by protaminobacter rubrum immobilized in calcium alginate. Bioresour Technol 100:252–4256de Queiroz Pane D, Dias CB, Meinhart AD, Ballus CA, Godoy HT (2015) Evaluation of the sweetener content in diet/light/zero foods and drinks by HPLC-DAD. J Food Sci Tech 52(11):6900–6913Edwards WP (2002) The science of goodies. Acribia S.A, SpainFood and Drug Administration (FDA) (2005) GRAS Notification Isomaltulose (PALATINOSE). http://www.fda.gov/ucm/groups/fdagov-public/@fdagovfoodsgen/documents/document/ucm268989.pdf . Accessed 12 July 2015Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (2010) GRAS Notification Tagatose. GRN No.352. http://www.fda.gov/ucm/groups/fdagov-public/@fdagov-foods-gen/documents/document/ucm269560.pdf . Accessed 12 July 2015Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (2011) GRAS Notification Oligofructose. GRN No.392. http://www.fda.gov/ucm/groups/fdagov-public/@fdagov-foodsgen/documents/document/ucm277112.pdf . Accessed 12 July 2015GME (2015) Gelatine manufactured Europe gelatine properties. http://www.gelatine.org/en/about-gelatine/properties.html . Accessed 12 July 2015ISO (2003) Sensory analysis. Guidelines for the use of quantitative response scales [ref. no.ISO 4121:2003]. International Organization for Standardization, GenevaISO (2008) Sensory analysis Vocabulary [ref. no.ISO 5492:2008]. International Organization for Standardization, GenevaLedur MJ, Tessaro I, Zapata CP (2013) Physicochemical characterization of Saccharides Powder obtained from Yacon Roots (Smallanthus sonchifolius) by membrane technology. Braz Arch Biol Technol 56(6):1024–1033Levin GV (2002) Tagatose, the new GRAS sweetener and health product. J Med Food 5(1):23–36Lina BAR, Jonker G, Kozianowski G (2002) Isomaltulose (Palatinose review of biological and toxicologycal studies). Food Chem Toxicol 40(10):1375–1381O’Donnell K, Kearsley M (2012) Sweeteners and sugar alternatives in food technology, 2nd edn. Wiley, ChichesterOh DK (2007) Tagatose: properties, applications, and biotechnological processes. Appl Microb Biotechnol 76(1):1–8Pacual MR, Calderón-Pascual V (2000) Food Microbiology. Analytical methodology for foods and drinks, 2nd edn. Diaz de Santos, MadridPeinado I, Rosa E, Heredia A, Andrés A (2012) Rheological characteristics of healthy sugar substituted spreadable strawberry product. J Food Eng 113(3):365–373Peinado I, Rosa E, Heredia A, Escriche I, Andrés A (2013) Optical, mechanical and sensorial properties of strawberry spreadable products formulated with isomaltulose. Food Bioprocess Tech 6(9):2353–2364Periche A, Heredia A, Escriche I, Andrés A, Castelló ML (2014) Optical, mechanical and sensory properties of based-isomaltulose gummy confections. Food Biosci 7:37–44Periche A, Heredia A, Escriche I, Andrés A, Castelló ML (2015a) Potential use of isomaltulose to produce healthier marshmallows. LWT-Food Sci Technol 62(1):605–612Periche Á, Castelló ML, Heredia A, Escriche I (2015b) Stevia rebaudiana, Oligofructose and isomaltulose as sugar replacers in Marshmallows: stability and antioxidant properties. J Food Process Preserv. doi: 10.1111/jfpp.12653Petersen-Skytte U (2006) Tagatose. In: Mitchell H (ed) Sweeteners and sugar alternatives in food technology. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, pp 262–292Pimentel TC, Madrona GS, Prudencio SH (2015) Probiotic clarified apple juice with oligofructose or sucralose as sugar substitutes: sensory profile and acceptability. LWT–Food. Sci Technol 62(1):838–846Rababah TM, Al-Mahasneh MA, Kilani I, Yang W, Alhamad MN, Ereifeja E, Al-U’datta M (2011) Effect of jam processing and storage on total phenolics, antioxidant activity, and anthocyanins of different fruits. J Sci Food Agric 91:1096–1102Rubio-Arraez S, Sahuquillo S, Capella JV, Ortolá MD, Castelló ML (2015) Influence of healthy sweeteners (Tagatose and Oligofructose) on the physicochemical characteristics of orange marmalade. J Texture Stud 46(4):272–280Shahidi F, Liyana-Pathirana CM, Wall DS (2006) Antioxidant activity of white and black sesame seeds and their hull fractions. Food Chem 99(3):478–483Shukla V, Kandra P (2015) Development, physico-chemical and sensory evaluation of natural nutra candy. J Food Sci Tech Mys 52(11):7535–7539Taylor TP, Fasina O, Bell LN (2008) Physical properties and consumer liking of cookies prepared by replacing sucrose with tagatose. J Food Sci 73(3):145–151Van Den Heuvel EGHM, Muys T, Van Dokkum W, Schaafsma G (1999) Oligofructose stimulates calcium absorption in adolescents. Am J Clinic Nutr 69:544–548Vastenavond CM, Bertelsen H, Hansen SJ, Laursen RS, Saunders J, Eriknauer K (2012) Tagatose (D-tagatose). In: Nabors L (ed) Alternative sweeteners. Boca Ratón, Florida, USA, p 197–222Zeng Y, Zhang X, Guan Y, Sun Y (2012) Enzymatic hydrolysates from tuna backbone and the subsequent Maillard reaction with different ketohexoses. Int J Food Sci Technol 47:1293–130

Latin Americans show wide-spread Converso ancestry and imprint of local Native ancestry on physical appearance

Historical records and genetic analyses indicate that Latin Americans trace their ancestry mainly to the intermixing (admixture) of Native Americans, Europeans and Sub-Saharan Africans. Using novel haplotype-based methods, here we infer sub-continental ancestry in over 6,500 Latin Americans and evaluate the impact of regional ancestry variation on physical appearance. We find that Native American ancestry components in Latin Americans correspond geographically to the present-day genetic structure of Native groups, and that sources of non-Native ancestry, and admixture timings, match documented migratory flows. We also detect South/East Mediterranean ancestry across Latin America, probably stemming mostly from the clandestine colonial migration of Christian converts of non-European origin (Conversos). Furthermore, we find that ancestry related to highland (Central Andean) versus lowland (Mapuche) Natives is associated with variation in facial features, particularly nose morphology, and detect significant differences in allele frequencies between these groups at loci previously associated with nose morphology in this sample.Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celula

Latin Americans show wide-spread Converso ancestry and imprint of local Native ancestry on physical appearance

Historical records and genetic analyses indicate that Latin Americans trace their ancestry mainly to the intermixing (admixture) of Native Americans, Europeans and Sub-Saharan Africans. Using novel haplotype-based methods, here we infer sub-continental ancestry in over 6,500 Latin Americans and evaluate the impact of regional ancestry variation on physical appearance. We find that Native American ancestry components in Latin Americans correspond geographically to the present-day genetic structure of Native groups, and that sources of non-Native ancestry, and admixture timings, match documented migratory flows. We also detect South/East Mediterranean ancestry across Latin America, probably stemming mostly from the clandestine colonial migration of Christian converts of non-European origin (Conversos). Furthermore, we find that ancestry related to highland (Central Andean) versus lowland (Mapuche) Natives is associated with variation in facial features, particularly nose morphology, and detect significant differences in allele frequencies between these groups at loci previously associated with nose morphology in this sample.Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celula

Responsabilidad social empresarial : decisiones, reflexiones y casos de estudio

Esta obra es resultado del esfuerzo conjunto realizado por miembros de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Casos (ALAC), el Centro Internacional de Casos del Tecnológico de Monterrey (México) y la Universidad del Norte (Colombia). Contiene una selección de trabajos que versan sobre la problemática de la responsabilidad social empresarial en América Latina, la visión de la cultura y el devenir histórico acerca de este tema y una serie de casos que, sin lugar a dudas, se constituyen en un aporte significativo a los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje respecto a la ética empresarial y la responsabilidad social

Fatigue and corrosion fatigue behavior of an AA6063-T6 aluminum alloy coated with a WC–10Co–4Cr alloy deposited by HVOF thermal spraying

International audienc

Virulent Brucella nosferati infecting Desmodus rotundus has emerging potential due to the broad foraging range of its bat host for humans and wild and domestic animals

Desmodus rotundus, vampire bats, transmit dangerous infections, and brucellosis is a hazardous zoonotic disease, two adversities that coexist in the subtropical and tropical areas of the American continent. Here, we report a 47.89% Brucella infection prevalence in a colony of vampire bats inhabiting the tropical rainforest of Costa Rica. The bacterium induced placentitis and fetal death in bats. Wide-range phenotypic and genotypic characterization placed the Brucella organisms as a new pathogenic species named Brucella nosferati sp. nov., isolated from bat tissues, including the salivary glands, suggesting feeding behavior might favor transmission to their prey. Overall analyses placed B. nosferati as the etiological agent of a reported canine brucellosis case, demonstrating its potential for infecting other hosts. To assess the putative prey hosts, we analyzed the intestinal contents of 14 infected and 23 non-infected bats by proteomics. A total of 54,508 peptides sorted into 7,203 unique peptides corresponding to 1,521 proteins were identified. Twenty-three wildlife and domestic taxa, including humans, were foraged by B. nosferati-infected D. rotundus, suggesting contact of this bacterium with a broad range of hosts. Our approach is appropriate for detecting, in a single study, the prey preferences of vampire bats in a diverse area, demonstrating its suitability for control strategies where vampire bats thrive.Desmodus rotundus, los murciélagos vampiro, transmiten infecciones peligrosas, y la brucelosis es una peligrosa enfermedad zoonótica, dos adversidades que coexisten en las zonas subtropicales y tropicales del continente americano. Aquí se informa de una prevalencia de infección por Brucella del 47,89% en una colonia de murciélagos vampiro que habitan la selva tropical de Costa Rica. La bacteria indujo placentitis y muerte fetal en los murciélagos. Una amplia caracterización fenotípica y genotípica situó a los organismos de Brucella como una nueva especie patógena denominada Brucella nosferati sp. nov., aislada de tejidos de murciélagos, incluidas las glándulas salivales, lo que sugiere que el comportamiento alimentario podría favorecer la transmisión a sus presas. Los análisis globales situaron a B. nosferati como agente etiológico de un caso de brucelosis canina notificado, lo que demuestra su potencial para infectar a otros hospedadores. Para evaluar los posibles huéspedes presa, analizamos mediante proteómica el contenido intestinal de 14 murciélagos infectados y 23 no infectados. Se identificó un total de 54.508 péptidos clasificados en 7.203 péptidos únicos correspondientes a 1.521 proteínas. D. rotundus infectado con B. nosferati se alimentó de veintitrés taxones de fauna silvestre y doméstica, incluidos los humanos, lo que sugiere el contacto de esta bacteria con una amplia gama de hospedadores. Nuestro enfoque es apropiado para detectar, en un solo estudio, las preferencias de presa de los murciélagos vampiro en una zona diversa, lo que demuestra su idoneidad para las estrategias de control donde prosperan los murciélagos vampiro. IMPORTANCIA: El descubrimiento de que una elevada proporción de murciélagos vampiro en una zona tropical está infectada con Brucella nosferati patógena y que los murciélagos se alimentan de seres humanos y muchos animales salvajes y domésticos es relevante desde la perspectiva de la prevención de enfermedades emergentes. En efecto, los murciélagos que albergan B. nosferati en sus glándulas salivales pueden transmitir esta bacteria patógena a otros huéspedes. Este potencial no es trivial ya que, además de la patogenicidad demostrada, esta bacteria posee todo el arsenal virulento necesario de los organismos Brucella peligrosos, incluidos los que son zoonóticos para el ser humano. Nuestro trabajo ha sentado las bases para futuras acciones de vigilancia en los programas de control de la brucelosis en los que prosperan estos murciélagos infectados. Además, nuestra estrategia para identificar el área de alimentación de los murciélagos puede adaptarse para explorar los hábitos alimentarios de diversos animales, incluidos los artrópodos vectores de enfermedades infecciosas, y por tanto ser de interés para un público más amplio, además de los expertos en Brucella y murciélagos.Universidad Nacional, Costa RicaEscuela de Medicina Veterinari