Особенности активационных процессов коры головного мозга при олигоменорее у подростков

The article presents the data on the epidemiology of menstrual cycle disorders of Krasnoyarsk teenagers. The increase in the frequency of oligomenorrhea, indicating worsening of functional disorders of the reproductive system, has been revealed. Due to the possible relation between oligomenorrhea development and disruption of activation processes of cerebral cortex, the dynamic measurement of omega-potential of cerebral hemispheres was conducted. The study was carried out in a group of female patients before the hormone therapy and after its completion. It was revealed that the basic values of the omega-potential of the girls with oligomenorrhea are characterized with its increase, indicating a high level of mental stress. The results have revealed the dependence of normalization of the activation processes of the cerebral cortex and the option of hormonal correction of oligomenorrhea.В статье приводятся данные по эпидемиологии нарушения менструального цикла подростков г. Красноярска. Выявлено увеличение частоты олигоменореи, что свидетельствует об усугублении функциональных расстройств репродуктивной системы. В связи с возможной зависимостью развития олигоменореи и нарушением активационных процессов коры головного мозга проведено динамическое измерение омега-потенциала полушарий мозга. Исследование проведено в группе пациенток до начала гормональной терапии и после ее окончания. Выявлено, что базовые значения омега-потенциала у девушек с олигоменореей характеризуются его повышением, что свидетельствует о высоком уровне психического напряжения. Выявлена зависимость нормализации активационных процессов коры головного мозга и варианта гормональной коррекции олигоменореи

B1 plus exam : a key to higher education in Russia

The use of open electronic courses is a relatively new tendency in education and it is not yet fully discovered by researchers. This article examines the specifics of the introduction of online courses, including the requirements to them, as well as factors that slow down their active development. The following methods of investigation were used: analysis, synthesis, deduction and induction. As an example the Kozma Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University - Minin University was used. On the basis of the study of the "Regulations on the use of open courses in the educational activities of Minin University", it was noted, in addition to the functions of the coordination group on open education, that for the trainee at the end of the course, in the case of unsatisfactory result, the possibility of the recalculation is established. This possibility is used not by every university. In the article we make a conclusion that open courses are a new qualitative step in the development of world education, but online courses would be much more effective as narrow-minded, adult-oriented, and deeply motivated for learning. Taken as the basis of research, Minin University showed that the university is ready for the implementation of online courses. It is one of the few universities that actively use open courses in Russia.peer-reviewe

Development of digital literacy and competence of future sports teachers in the physical and educational environment

Thanks to the rapidly evolving technology, today's students are improving along with the digital world. The aim of this research was to study the level of students' knowledge of digital technology (computer, tablet computer, laptop, smartphones, interactive whiteboard and other digital devices). The authors used the following approaches – observation, comparative investigations and synthesis of modern techniques to the formation of digital competencies of students, analysis of science, sociological, pedagogical and methodological literature; the study and implementation of various approaches, programs, mobile devices for the development of digital competence of students, the modelling of various approaches and pedagogical situations, the comprehension of their own experience. The study involved 37 students, future teachers of biology and English language of Kazan (Volga region) Federal University. The pedagogical essence and content of the concept “digital competence of the students” has been revealed, which consists in the fact that its development encourages students to constantly improve themselves, to personal and professional development. Defined pedagogical conditions aimed at improving the quality of knowledge of students using digital technologies in the educational space of Kazan (Volga region) Federal University. Developed a model for improving the quality of knowledge of students using various digital technologies in the educational process of the university. Criteria for the dynamics of the quality of knowledge of students using various digital technologies, tools and devices when studying at the university are determined. The results of the study can be used to formulate initiatives to develop the skills of the digital economy in the population

Laser-induced generation of singlet oxygen and its role in the cerebrovascular physiology

For over 55 years, laser technology has expanded from laboratory research to widespread fields, for example telecommunication and data storage amongst others. Recently application of lasers in biology and medicine presents itself as one of the emerging areas. In this review, we will outline the recent advances in using lasers for the generation of singlet oxygen, traditionally used to kill tumour cells or induce thrombotic stroke model due to damage vascular effects. Over the last two decade, completely new results on cerebrovascular effects of singlet oxygen generated during photodynamic therapy (PDT) have been shown alongside promising applications for delivery of drugs and nanoparticles into the brain for therapy of brain cancer. Furthermore, a "gold key” has been found to overcome the limitations of PDT, such as low light penetration and high toxicity of photosensitizers, by direct generation of singlet oxygen using quantum-dot laser diodes emitting in the near infrared (NIR) spectral range. It is our motivation to highlight these pioneering results in this review, to improve understanding of the biological role of singlet oxygen and to provide new perspectives for improving clinical application of laser based therapy in further research

Chronic kidney disease as a multidisciplinary problem of contemporary medicine

A review deals with the problem of chronic kidney disease (CKD) from the position of a physician and cardiologist. The epidemiology of the disease was discussed both abroad and in Russia, including the most up-to-date data. In Russia CKD markers were detected in 49.4% of hypertensives. Authors describe risk factors and mechanisms of CKD at the most important pathogenetic conditions: hypertension, diabetes and obesity. The current classification and methods for calculating the glomerular filtration rate are given. The review disclose a paradigm of the renal continuum and its relation to cardiovascular diseases. It is well known fact that the final causes of the death of patients with CKD, as a rule, are cardiovascular complications. Based on the literature data, the necessity and expediency of screening for renal dysfunction is justified. In the example of use of an angiotensin receptor blocker II - irbesartan nephroprotective demonstrated possibilities of intervention in patients with renal dysfunction of varying severity

АНАЛИЗ СЕРОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ СЫВОРОТОК КРОВИ НА КЛЕЩЕВОЙ ЭНЦЕФАЛИТ У НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ТЮМЕНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ ЗА 2016–2018 ГОДА

The results of serological studies of blood sera of people on the content of class M immunoglobulin to tick-borne encephalitis virus in residents of the south of the Tyumen region for 2016–2018 are presented.Представлены результаты серологических исследований сывороток крови людей на содержание иммуноглобулина класса М к вирусу клещевого энцефалита у жителей г. Тюмени и юга Тюменской областиза 2016–2018 гг

Progress in plant genome sequencing: research directions

Since the first plant genome of Arabidopsis thaliana has been sequenced and published, genome sequencing technologies have undergone significant changes. New algorithms, sequencing technologies and bioinformatic approaches were adopted to obtain genome, transcriptome and exome sequences for model and crop species, which have permitted deep inferences into plant biology. As a result of an improved genome assembly and analysis methods, genome sequencing costs plummeted and the number of high-quality plant genome sequences is constantly growing. Consequently, more than 300 plant genome sequences have been published over the past twenty years. Although many of the published genomes are considered incomplete, they proved to be a valuable tool for identifying genes involved in the formation of economically valuable plant traits, for marker-assisted and genomic selection and for comparative analysis of plant genomes in order to determine the basic patterns of origin of various plant species. Since a high coverage and resolution of a genome sequence is not enough to detect all changes in complex samples, targeted sequencing, which consists in the isolation and sequencing of a specific region of the genome, has begun to develop. Targeted sequencing has a higher detection power (the ability to identify new differences/variants) and resolution (up to one basis). In addition, exome sequencing (the method of sequencing only protein-coding genes regions) is actively developed, which allows for the sequencing of non-expressed alleles and genes that cannot be found with RNA-seq. In this review, an analysis of sequencing technologies development and the construction of “reference” genomes of plants is performed. A comparison of the methods of targeted sequencing based on the use of the reference DNA sequence is accomplished

Предиктивная и прогностическая значимость явления потери гетерозиготности в генах ABC-транспортеров в опухоли молочной железы

ABC-transporter family genes have been well studied and their involvement in the development of drug resistance has been assessed. The presence of aberrant conditions in these genes can affect the treatment and prognosis of the disease. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is one of these conditions; it is a common event in cancer development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between LOH in ABC transporter genes in breast cancer and response to chemotherapy and disease prognosis. Material and Methods. A total of 130 breast cancer patients were included in the study. Microarray analysis was performed on Affymetrix CytoScan™ HD Array high-density DNA chips to assess LOH status. Chromosome Analysis Suite 4.1 software (Affymetrix, USA) was used to process microarray results. Results. Forty-nine ABC transporter genes were evaluated for LOH. The frequency of LOH ranged from 6.9 % to 90 %. An association analysis identified two genes: ABCG5 and ABCG8, in which the presence of LOH was associated with a lack of objective response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The presence of LOH in the ABCA5, ABCA6, ABCA8, ABCA9, ABCA10 and ABCC3 genes was associated with high rates of metastasis-free survival (log-rank test, p<0.04). conclusion. The presence of loss of heterozygosity in the ABC transporter genes was found to have no significant effect on the response to chemotherapy. However, a high prognostic potential of ABCA family genes was found

Resistant Hypertension: Questions and Contemporary Answers

The review presents the important problem of resistant hypertension. Its real prevalence is unknown. According to population studies and metaanalyzes of clinical studies, the prevalence of this most severe form of hypertension reaches 12-15% in the general population and 15-18% in clinical cohorts. Over the past decades, an increase in its frequency among patients with hypertension has been noted. Based on the results of large-scale studies, risk factors are detected that allow to assess the risk for the resistance to antihypertensive drugs. Adherence to ongoing antihypertensive therapy is crucial to addressing the issue of hypertension resistance; there are acceptable ways to evaluate it in clinical practice. The review discusses the most common mistakes in the choice of therapy, which can cause resistance to antihypertensive treatment, namely irrational drug combinations, insufficient dosage of the drug, and the use of non-prolonged forms of drugs. The latest recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, including its resistant form, are analyzed. The review contains a rationale based on the results of randomized clinical trials, the choice antihypertensive strategy in this variant of arterial hypertension. The importance of fixed combination antihypertensive drugs, as well as thiazine-like diuretics and amlodipine is stressed. The results of studies demonstrate the rational for the use of antimineralcorticoid drugs, namely spironolactone, for this category of patients. The authors offer an updated algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of resistant hypertension, based on the sections of the latest clinical recommendations on this problem